Afforestation Of Land Research Articles

The Performance of Airborne C-Band PolInSAR Data on Forest Growth Stage Types Classification

In this paper, we propose a classification scheme for forest growth stage types and other cover types using a support vector machine (SVM) based on the Polarimetric SAR Interferometric (PolInSAR) data acquired by Chinese Multidimensional Space Joint-observation SAR (MSJosSAR) system. Firstly, polarimetric, texture, and coherence features were calculated from the PolInSAR data. Secondly, the capabilities of the polarimetric, texture, and coherence features in land use/cover classification were quantified independently through histograms. Following this, the polarimetric features were used for the classification of land use/cover types, followed by a combination of texture and coherence features. Finally, the three classification results were validated against test samples using the confusion matrix. It was shown that, with the integration of texture and coherence features, the producer’s accuracy for afforested land, young forest land, medium forest land, and near-mature forest land improved by 6%, 31%, 11%, and 6%, respectively, compared with the former experiment using solely polarimetric features. Our study indicates that the forest and non-forest lands can be discriminated by the polarimetric features, which also play an important role in the separation between afforested land and other forest types as well as medium forest land and near-mature forest land. The texture features further discriminate afforested land and other forest types, while the coherence features obviously improved the separation of young forest land and medium forest land. This paper provides an effective way of identifying various land use/cover types, especially for distinguishing forest growth stages with SAR data. It would be of great interest in regions with frequent cloud coverage and limited optical data for the monitoring of land use/cover types.

CHANGES IN THE WOODINESS OF RURAL AREAS IN POLAND IN THE YEARS 1995-2016

The paper presents changes in the woodiness of rural areas in Poland in the years 1995-2016. The analysis was based on the Annual Geodesic Reports and the National Land Register. It was found that as a result of mainly afforestation of agricultural land and wasteland, the woodiness increased from 28.4% in 1995 to 30.6% in 2016. The rate of changes was spatially diversified, both at the level of voivodeship and communes. Studies have shown progressive spatial concentration of forests in rural areas of Poland. A particularly high share of forest was observed in communes with a high woodiness index.

Pinus halepensis M. versus Quercus ilex subsp. Rotundifolia L. runoff and soil erosion at pedon scale under natural rainfall in Eastern Spain three decades after a forest fire

Afforestation aims to recover the vegetation cover, and restore natural ecosystems. The plant species selected for restoration will determine species richness and the fate of the ecosystem. Research focussing on the impact of vegetation recovery on soil quality are abundant, especially on fire affected land and where rehabilitation, afforestation and restoration projects were carried out. However, little is known about how different plants species affect soil erosion and water losses, which are key factors that will impact the fate of the afforested land. Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis M.) is the species commonly used for afforestation in the Mediterranean and is very successful when natural recovery takes place, however, the original forests were composed of Holm oaks (Quercus ilex subsp. rotundifolia L.). There is little information about the hydrological and erosional impact of this change of vegetation cover stimulated by a millennia old forest use in the Mediterranean, and a century old afforestation policies and natural recovery as a consequence of land abandonment. To get insights in the effect of plant species on runoff generation and soil erosion, individual trees should be selected. Plots of 1 m2 are necessary to identify homogeneous patches, and were installed under Aleppo pine (4 plots) and Holm oaks (4 plots) in a 30(34)-years old plant cover recovered after a forest fire that took place in 1979. A raingauge was installed in the study site to characterize the rainfall. The soil erosion plots were built with metal borders and each plot drained to a collector (gutter) and a 60L container to store the surface runoff. Runoff was measured after each rainfall event and sediment concentration was determined by desiccation. Results show that Aleppo pine covered soils yield six times more runoff (232mm, 8.31%) than Holm oaks (40mm, 1.4%) during the experimental period of 2010–2014, when rainfall amount 2,721.1mm. Runoff sediment concentration was higher in the Aleppo pine plots (4.9gl−1) than in the Holm oaks plots (2.6gl−1). Soil erosion rate was ten times higher in Aleppo pine (2.6Mgha−1 y−1) than in Holm oaks (0.26Mgha−1 y−1).

The change in housing patterns in the city of Najaf and its impact on the urban environment

The environment is the place in which man lives, which influences and is affected by it, as it affects positively and negatively on the environment. Its positive impact is in turn represented by the construction of bridges and cities, cultivation of lands, combating desertification, afforestation of lands, and the use of modern technologies to preserve the environment. As for its negative role, it is represented by environmental pollution resulting from industrial, agricultural and civil activity Cutting trees and crawling housing on agricultural lands and others. As for the impact of the environment on the human being, it is represented by the human form in terms of skin color and physical strength. Designed to reduce high heat

第5報告 山村の生業(なりわい)を考える(森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を-,2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム)

第5報告 山村の生業(なりわい)を考える(森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を-,2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム)

第3報告 何がもったいないのか（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第3報告 何がもったいないのか（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第4報告 林業経営者として歩んだ30年（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）:4代続く専業林家の挑戦

第4報告 林業経営者として歩んだ30年（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）:4代続く専業林家の挑戦

開催にあたって(森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を-,2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム)

開催にあたって(森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を-,2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム)

第2報告 イノシシと山村社会（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム） 日本におけるイノシシとヒトとの関係史

第2報告 イノシシと山村社会（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム） 日本におけるイノシシとヒトとの関係史

第1報告 「森林・林業再生プラン」に欠けているもの（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第1報告 「森林・林業再生プラン」に欠けているもの（森林資源の多様性と山村再生-「森林・林業再生プラン」の国民的議論を- 2010年度国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第4報告 里山広葉樹活用プロジェクト（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第4報告 里山広葉樹活用プロジェクト（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第2報告 広葉樹材の利用を巡る状況（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第2報告 広葉樹材の利用を巡る状況（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第3報告 新たな森林資源（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第3報告 新たな森林資源（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第5報告 アメリカ広葉樹の有効利用（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第5報告 アメリカ広葉樹の有効利用（広葉樹ルネサンスで、むら・まちを活かす 2011年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第6報告 再生可能エネルギー電力固定価格買取制度（FIT）が森林経営に及ぼす影響（"里エネ" ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第6報告 再生可能エネルギー電力固定価格買取制度（FIT）が森林経営に及ぼす影響（"里エネ" ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第5報告 身近な森林を身近なエネルギーに（“里エネ” ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第5報告 身近な森林を身近なエネルギーに（“里エネ” ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第1報告 里エネ利用のルネサンス（“里エネ” ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第1報告 里エネ利用のルネサンス（“里エネ” ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

開催にあたって（“里エネ” ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

開催にあたって（“里エネ” ルネサンス-活かそう地域のエネルギー 2012年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第2報告 国産材製材と今後の山林活用（国産材ルネサンス!-創る・繋ぐ・調える 森と木のビジネス- 2013年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第2報告 国産材製材と今後の山林活用（国産材ルネサンス!-創る・繋ぐ・調える 森と木のビジネス- 2013年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第1報告 国産材を取り巻く需給構造の変化について（国産材ルネサンス!-創る・繋ぐ・調える 森と木のビジネス- 2013年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第1報告 国産材を取り巻く需給構造の変化について（国産材ルネサンス!-創る・繋ぐ・調える 森と木のビジネス- 2013年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）