Afforestation Of Land Research Articles

第4報告 国産材の需要と供給をつなぐ仕事（国産材ルネサンス!-創る・繋ぐ・調える 森と木のビジネス- 2013年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第4報告 国産材の需要と供給をつなぐ仕事（国産材ルネサンス!-創る・繋ぐ・調える 森と木のビジネス- 2013年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第１報告 特用林産と森林社会（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第１報告 特用林産と森林社会（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第５報告 FSC森林認証の森の恵み（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第５報告 FSC森林認証の森の恵み（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第４報告 過疎・高齢社会と食起業（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第４報告 過疎・高齢社会と食起業（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第３報告 獣害対策と食文化の復興（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第３報告 獣害対策と食文化の復興（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第２報告 ニホンミツバチの蜜の再生産と森林資源（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第２報告 ニホンミツバチの蜜の再生産と森林資源（森林（もり）と食のルネサンス-創る・楽しむ・活かす 新たな山の業（なりわい）- 2014年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

開催にあたって（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

開催にあたって（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第２報告 体験から学ぶ森と川のプログラム（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第２報告 体験から学ぶ森と川のプログラム（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第１報告 都市と地域と子どもをつなぐデザイン（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第１報告 都市と地域と子どもをつなぐデザイン（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第３報告 北海道の森の恵みを都会の子どもに（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第３報告 北海道の森の恵みを都会の子どもに（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第３報告 山とつながる暮らしをめざして（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）:「緑のふるさと協力隊」の若者たち

第３報告 山とつながる暮らしをめざして（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）:「緑のふるさと協力隊」の若者たち

開催にあたって（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─ ）

開催にあたって（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─ ）

第２報告 山村で「働くこと」の意味（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム） 緑の雇用と各種研修の取り組みから

第２報告 山村で「働くこと」の意味（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム） 緑の雇用と各種研修の取り組みから

第１報告 西粟倉村百年の森林構想と起業家的人材の発掘・育成（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第１報告 西粟倉村百年の森林構想と起業家的人材の発掘・育成（Wood Jobルネサンスへの道-若者を山村、林業へ- 2015年国土緑化推進機構助成シンポジウム）

第４報告 保育園児への自然労作保育（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第４報告 保育園児への自然労作保育（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第５報告 人生の門出を木のおもちゃとともに !（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

第５報告 人生の門出を木のおもちゃとともに !（2016年国土緑化推進機構「緑と水の森林ファンド」助成シンポジウム：子どもと森のルネサンス─育てよう 地域の宝もの─）

Response of microbial diversity to C:N:P stoichiometry in fine root and microbial biomass following afforestation

Soil samples were collected in June and October from areas with three land-use types, i.e., Robinia pseudoacacia L. (RP), Caragana korshinskii Kom. (CK), and abandoned land (AL), of which the former two were afforested areas, whereas the latter was not. These areas were converted from similar farmlands 40 years prior. Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and fungal ITS gene was used to analyze soil bacterial and fungal diversity. Additionally, plant communities, soil properties, fine root biomass, and C, N, and P levels in fine root and microbial biomass were estimated. Compared to AL, the C:N:P stoichiometry in fine root and microbial biomass in the afforested lands was synchronously changed, especially the N:P ratio. Soil microbial diversities were affected by afforestation and were more related to N:P ratio than C:P and C:N ratios. Moreover, Alpha-proteobacteria, Gamma-proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were significantly more abundant in afforested soils than in the AL soil, and the abundances of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Cyanobacteria, and Nitrospirae ranked as AL > RP or CK. For fungal taxa, Ascomycota abundance responded positively to afforestation, whereas Basidiomycota abundance responded negatively. Changes of soil microbial taxa were significantly correlated with the N:P ratio in fine root and microbial biomass, which explained 54.1 and 55% of the total variation in bacterial and fungal taxa, respectively. Thus, our results provide evidence that compositions of soil microbial communities are linked to the N:P ratio in the plant-soil system.

The effects of Alginite fertilization on selected tree species seedlings performance on afforested agricultural lands

AbstractAfforestation of marginal agricultural lands is an important issue in the land use changes running in Europe at present. The aim of the presented study is the documentation of effects of site improving material Alginite three years after afforestation of agricultural land in the locality with unfavourable hydrophysical regime. The impact was evaluated on growth parameters (height increment, mortality and foliar nutrient content) of Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and a mixture of English oak (Quercus robur L.), red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) seedlings on former agricultural land in central Bohemia, Czech Republic. The research plot consists of 36 square sub-plots, each sub-plot is 400 m2 in size. Each sub-plot consists of 400 individuals, except Douglas-fir with 200 individuals. The following doses of Alginite were applied: control (variant A without Alginite), 0.5 kg of Alginite (B) and 1.5 kg of Alginite (C) on both conifers and broadleaves. The results showed that Alginite application had greater positive effect on height growth of seedlings than mortality, especially variant C. In most of the cases height increments were significantly positively affected (p < 0.05) by both variants of Alginite application only in the third year after planting. Alginite applications were also connected with differences in the foliar nutrient content, especially with higher magnesium and phosphorus values. The highest differences among Alginite variants were observed for Norway maple and English oak, while the lowest for red oak and Scots pine within all monitored parameters.

Reconstruction of Historic Forest Cover Changes Indicates Minor Effects on Carbon Stocks in Swiss Forest Soils

Forest cover in Switzerland and other European countries has gradually increased in the past century. Our knowledge of the impacts of forest expansion and development on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage is, however, limited due to uncertainties in land-use history and lack of historical soil samples. We investigated the effect of forest age on current SOC storage in Switzerland. For 857 sites, we analysed SOC stocks and determined the minimal forest age for all presently forested sites using digitized historical maps, classifying all sites into three categories: young (≤60 years), medium (60–120 years), and old (≥120 years) forests. Grassland was the primary previous use of afforested land. Forest age affected current SOC stocks only moderately, whereas climate, soil chemistry, and tree species exerted a stronger impact. In the organic layer, highest SOC stocks were found in medium sites (3.0 ± 0.3 kg C m−2). As compared to other age categories, these sites had a 10% higher cover in coniferous forests with higher organic layer C stocks than broadleaf forests. SOC stocks in mineral soils decreased with increasing forest age (12.5 ± 0.9, 11.4 ± 0.5, 10.5 ± 0.3 kg C m−2). This decrease was primarily related to a 200-m higher average elevation of young sites and higher SOC stocks in a colder and more humid climate. In summary, forest age has only a minor effect on SOC storage in Swiss forest soils. Therefore, ongoing forest expansion in mountainous regions of Europe is unlikely contributing to soil C sequestration.

Consequences of planned afforestation versus natural forest regrowth after disturbance for soil C stocks in Eastern European mountains

Westudiedcarbon and radiocarbon content in three historical time series of soil profiles from sites with different histories in the Parangalitsa biosphere, Rila mountains (Bulgaria).Our aim was to understand the consequences of forest regrowth in Eastern European forests for C stocks in the medium and long term.Disturbance history of the area has been studied in detail in recent decades, and we were therefore able to assess the impact of natural events such as windthrows and insect outbreaks on soil C stocks.By combining unique historical profile data with radiocarbon measurements, we obtained a picture of the kinetics at three different sites. These sites were 1) no land use change but an old (>120 years) forest subjected to decades old disturbances from the secondary consequences of a windthrow, 2) a forest site subjected to decades old disturbances from the direct consequences of a windthrow and 3) a grassland converted to forest.While the difference between direct and indirect disturbance did not have a relevant effect on C stocks, the ecological successions triggered either by afforestation or by disturbances caused similar dynamics of SOC decrease followed by accumulation, according to the pattern of primary productivity. The accumulation was marked in the conversion, and clearly involved the subsoil layers as well, leading to a C sequestration considered durable.The huge economic and social changes happening in Eastern Europe in the last two decades have generated a clear trend towards afforestation of lands that were formerly cultivated. The SOC changes from grassland to forest use in these areas (¿50tha−1) represented a doubling in stocks in less than 40years, and their impact on a global scale could represent an unexpected C sink.