Acclimation is the principal strategy employed by amphibians in coping with environmental temperature changes, yet acclimation has only rarely been shown to affect aspects of whole-organism function in amphibians. We examined the influence of a period of acclimation on the effect of temperature on locomotion in three anuran species. Giant toads, Bufo marinus, moved most quickly at 22 °C, and acclimation to that temperature further improved performance (inverse compensation). Leopard frogs, Ranapipiens, also moved most quickly at 22 °C, but acclimation to 12 °C improved locomotor performance at that temperature (positive compensation). Clawed frogs, Xenopus laevis, in contrast, moved most quickly at 12 °C and acclimation did not affect locomotor performance in this species (no compensation). Thus, while acclimation clearly affects locomotor performance in some anuran species, the direction of change differs among them.