As a major form of writing, prose is both literary and ideological. The translation of prose is not only the conversion of language, but also the transmission of aesthetic value. Zhang Peiji’s English translations of Chinese prose, characterized by precise linguistic ability and ingeniously aesthetic craft, serve as a crucial bridge for introducing Chinese prose to the world. This paper, adopting translation aesthetics as theoretical framework, selects Yu Dafu’s Autumn in Peiping and Zhang Peiji’s English translation as research objects. It analyzes the beauty of artistic conception, language, and culture in the source text, and further explores Zhang Peiji’s strategies for reproducing the original aesthetic qualities, aiming to provide a useful reference for the aesthetic practice in prose translation.

Abstract This review examines Olfactory Worldmaking (2026) by Hsuan L. Hsu as a pivotal intervention in the environmental humanities, reconceptualizing olfaction as a medium of relational and reparative worldmaking. Building on but reorienting The Smell of Risk (2020), Hsu moves beyond modern regimes that equate odor with toxicity and contamination to theorize smell as transcorporeal, affective, and atmospheric, enabling humans and more-than-human environments to co-constitute worlds. Published in the wake of COVID-19, when widespread anosmia rendered smell perceptible through absence, the book frames olfactory deprivation as a structural feature of modern deodorized spaces rather than an anomaly, highlighting contemporary environmental estrangement and sensory normalization. Across chapters on smellscapes, Black diasporic “microclimates,” and speculative aesthetic practices, Hsu shows how olfactory experience functions as a multimodal site of ethical and political imagination. Smell activates distributed memory, sustains life within racialized atmospheres, and facilitates alternative modes of sensing that challenge anthropocentric perception. Drawing on cross-disciplinary scholarship, Hsu advances an atmospheric ethics grounded in opacity and “solidarity in incommensurability,” emphasizing participatory, embodied engagement. While the book’s breadth is a major strength, the reviewer suggests it could benefit from more sustained engagement with specific case studies and further theorization of non-Western sensory epistemologies, offering fruitful avenues for future research.

This article analyzes the aesthetic practices of graffiti and urban interventions in the contemporary city, emphasizing their sociopolitical meanings as forms of resistance and reappropriation of public space. The objective is to understand how graffiti transforms urban surfaces into platforms for critical and contestatory discourse, problematizing the relationships between art, power, and territory. The research adopts a qualitative and interdisciplinary approach, articulating theoretical references from art studies, urban sociology, and cultural studies, as well as examining emblematic cases in different cities. The findings indicate that these interventions contribute to the democratization of artistic production, challenge spatial hierarchies, and foster debates on citizenship, collective identity, and the right to the city. Furthermore, in the digital era, graffiti engages with social media, expanding its symbolic and political reach, although it also faces processes of institutionalization and market co-optation. It is concluded that, within a context of exclusionary urbanization, these aesthetic practices redefine the urban landscape by promoting peripheral narratives and resisting global cultural homogenization.

Dermal filler procedures have become increasingly popular in aesthetic medicine; however, they carry the risk of vascular adverse events (VAEs) that can lead to complications such as tissue necrosis and vision loss. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical utility of high-resolution ultrasound with Doppler analysis (HRUD) in enhancing safety during facial injectable procedures, particularly in high-risk anatomical zones. A review of common clinical scenarios was conducted to outline when and how HRUD can assist in identifying vascular structures, anatomical variants, and vascular changes post-surgery. These scenarios include creating full or focal vascular maps and pre-injection assessment in postsurgical patients. The HRUD procedure was conducted at a reference center for aesthetic ultrasonography. HRUD provides real-time visualization of vascular anatomy and its variations, reducing the risk of complications from filler injections. Its use is particularly recommended in high-risk areas such as the forehead, glabella, nose, and pyriform fossa. For postsurgical patients, HRUD aids in navigating altered anatomy, thereby minimizing the risk of VAEs. Conducting a targeted ultrasound evaluation before filler injection can lead to greater precision and fewer complications. HRUD is a valuable adjunct to standard aesthetic practices, significantly enhancing patient safety and improving outcomes. Its integration into pre-injection filler protocols is strongly recommended, especially in complex cases or high-risk facial regions. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric condition characterized by excessive preoccupation with perceived appearance flaws that are minimal or unobservable to others. Individuals with BDD frequently present to dermatology and aesthetic surgery settings seeking cosmetic interventions, placing clinicians at risk of suboptimal outcomes, ethical dilemmas, and medicolegal complications. This narrative review synthesizes evidence from psychiatry, dermatology, and aesthetic surgery literature to examine the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, screening, and management of BDD in dermatologic and cosmetic practice. A structured literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, following PRISMA principles. BDD is substantially more prevalent among individuals seeking dermatologic and aesthetic procedures than in the general population. Cosmetic and surgical interventions rarely improve core BDD symptoms and are associated with persistent dissatisfaction, symptom exacerbation, and increased legal risk. Validated screening tools, structured preprocedural assessment, and early psychiatric referral are critical to safe and ethical practice. Recent regulatory frameworks increasingly mandate psychological screening prior to cosmetic intervention. Effective management of BDD in dermatologic and aesthetic settings requires early identification, standardized screening, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Cosmetic procedures should be avoided when BDD is suspected, with referral to mental health professionals prioritized. Integrating psychiatric screening into routine aesthetic practice improves patient safety, clinical outcomes, and medicolegal protection. No Level Assigned This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Chin contouring and projection represent some of the most frequently requested procedures in aesthetic practice using hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers. Variations in the physicochemical and viscoelastic properties of HA fillers may directly influence clinical performance. This study aimed to compare four commercially available HA gels specifically indicated for chin projection: JUVÉDERM® VOLUX, RESTYLANE® LYFT, PERFECTHA® SUBSKIN, and RESTYLANE® SHAYPE. The samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, and swelling factor (SF). Rheological assessments included frequency sweep, amplitude sweep, and cohesivity modulus (MOC). All tests were performed in triplicate. JUVÉDERM® VOLUX exhibited the highest SF values (3.28-3.37), indicating greater swelling capacity, whereas RESTYLANE® LYFT showed the lowest (1.53-1.66), reflecting a denser and less expansive profile. Rheological analysis revealed that RESTYLANE® LYFT and RESTYLANE® SHAYPE had higher storage modulus (G') values at elevated frequencies. MOC was significantly higher for RESTYLANE® SHAYPE and PERFECTHA® SUBSKIN compared with JUVÉDERM® VOLUX, suggesting greater resistance to deformation. Overall, RESTYLANE® SHAYPE demonstrated the most favorable balance, combining moderate SF, high G' values, and elevated MOC. However, patient-specific anatomy, aesthetic goals, and injector expertise remain critical in determining the most appropriate product for chin contouring.

Radiofrequency microneedling (RFMN) is a prominent minimally invasive treatment for facial rejuvenation. While individual studies report positive outcomes, a comprehensive synthesis of evidence across efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction is lacking. To synthesize evidence on the aesthetic, safety, tolerability, and psychological outcomes of RFMN for facial rejuvenation. We conducted this systematic review in accordance with PRISMA and JBI guidelines. We systematically searched four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, LILACS) for studies published between 2015 and 2025. We included 22 studies. We assessed risk of bias using a JBI tool and conducted a thematic synthesis of aesthetic outcomes, patient satisfaction, and safety. We evaluated confidence in the findings using the GRADE-CERQual approach. Our synthesis of 20 studies (558 participants) found that RFMN treatments consistently improved aesthetic outcomes, with significant improvements in skin texture and tightening supported by high Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale scores. We found a favorable safety profile, where adverse events were predominantly mild and transient (erythema and edema were most common), and no serious complications were reported. Pain was typically mild to moderate and well-tolerated. Patient satisfaction was remarkably high, with most studies reporting rates exceeding 90%, which was strongly correlated with the procedure's efficacy and minimal downtime. The synthesis of evidence indicates that RFMN is an effective and well-tolerated intervention for facial rejuvenation, characterized by robust clinical outcomes and exceptionally high patient satisfaction. These findings solidify its role as a cornerstone treatment in modern aesthetic practice. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD420251152380.

Changes in cheek skin texture and surface smoothness are prominent features of facial aging and increasingly targeted by modern aesthetic interventions. However, despite rising demand for minimally invasive aesthetic procedures to improve cheek skin quality, validated site-specific photonumeric assessment tools remain limited. To develop and validate a novel photonumeric assessment tool, the Cheek Smoothness Scale (CSS), for evaluating cheek skin smoothness and surface texture. The CSS was developed as a five-grade photonumeric scale using standardized clinical photographs. Inter- and intra-rater reliability were assessed using Fleiss' and Cohen's kappa statistics based on single-angle (45°) and multi-angle image assessments by five board-certified dermatologists. Construct validity was further examined by objective skin surface roughness measurements (Ra values) obtained using the PRIMOS CR three-dimensional imaging system. The CSS demonstrated excellent inter- and intra-rater reliability, with kappa values consistently in the good-to-very good range. Complete agreement between single- and multi-angle assessments supported the use of the 45° oblique view as a representative angle for evaluating cheek skin texture. CSS grades also showed a progressive increase in PRIMOS-derived Ra values, indicating strong concordance between visually assessed skin smoothness and objectively measured surface roughness. The CSS is a reliable, reproducible, and clinically meaningful photonumeric scale for assessing cheek skin smoothness and surface texture. By integrating visual assessment with objective validation of surface smoothness, the CSS provides a valuable outcome measure for clinical research and real-world aesthetic practice.

Bioactive peptides have become increasingly common ingredients in skincare products and procedural adjuncts in aesthetic practices. Modeled after naturally occurring matrikines, these short amino acid chains are designed to influence the extracellular matrix, cellular signaling, and skin repair. Peptides are commonly classified as signal peptides, carrier peptides, and neurotransmitter-inhibiting "botox-like" peptides based on their proposed mechanisms of action. While many of these compounds are marketed for wrinkle reduction, collagen stimulation, and improved skin quality, most supporting evidence is derived from in vitro and ex vivo studies rather than randomized clinical trials. These products are widely available with limited regulatory oversight and are increasingly incorporated into microneedling treatments, topical regimens, and postoperative skincare. As patient interest grows, facial plastic surgeons are more frequently asked about the role, safety, and efficacy of peptide-based products. This article presents current evidence and proposed mechanisms to help guide informed discussions and clinical decision-making in facial plastic surgery practice.

The aesthetic view of “the unity of poetry and painting” presented in The Pillow of Grass by Natsume Sōseki, a giant of modern Japanese literature, constitutes a creative response to the theoretical system of “the distinction between poetry and painting” constructed in Laocoön, a classic aesthetic work by Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, the German Enlightenment thinker. This response forms a trans-temporal and trans-spatial intertextual dialogue between the two texts. Specifically, the dialogue is embodied in three aspects: first, at the core proposition level, the Eastern aesthetic view of “the unity of poetry and painting” advocated by Natsume Sōseki stands in opposition to the Western aesthetic framework of “the distinction between poetry and painting” by Lessing; second, in specific aesthetic practice, The Pillow of Grass directly refutes the normative boundary set by Lessing for painting, which takes visual pleasure as the criterion, through the aesthetic transformation of “the ugly”, thus opening up a new path for the possibility of artistic expression; third, in terms of ideological origin, the Eastern philosophy of “contemplation” advocated by Natsume Sōseki forms a fundamental cultural contrast with the Western spirit of “action” advocated by Lessing. Such cross-cultural aesthetic practice of Natsume Sōseki not only demonstrates the ideological consciousness of East Asian intellectuals in the face of the impact of modern culture, but also provides a valuable example for understanding the profound differences and dialogue possibilities between Eastern and Western aesthetics.

Background:Uganda, an East African country with a population of approximately 46 million, has 72.62% of its people living in rural areas. Plastic and reconstructive surgery was historically delivered by visiting surgical teams, which, although impactful, faced limitations in follow-up and patient reach. Uganda has only 22 trained local plastic surgeons, mostly in urban private practice. Few work in public hospitals, limiting access to reconstructive care for the country’s largely rural population.Methods:A cross-sectional survey of 35 participants (plastic surgeons and trainees) was conducted using self-administered questionnaires across teaching and nonteaching hospitals in Uganda. The study examines the current gaps in reconstructive surgical care and possible solutions specific to Uganda.Results:Among 17 practicing surgeons, most were men (76.5%) and based in urban areas (94.1%). Nearly half (41.2%) had 6–10 years of posttraining experience, and all (100%) reported a mixed reconstructive and aesthetic practice. There is a high reconstructive burden due to acute burn and burn complications, congenital anomalies, road traffic accidents, commonly from commercial motorcycles known as boda bodas, and an increasing rate of cancer. Despite the small number of surgeons and their desire to train more, a whole 53% are working in nonteaching hospitals. Of the 18 senior plastic surgery residents, 72.2% were men, with the majority in their fourth year of training.Conclusions:Establishing training hubs and implementing retention strategies for plastic surgeons, while strengthening regional hospital infrastructure, is essential for improving equitable access to quality plastic surgical care in Uganda.

Scholars increasingly acknowledge the influence of African musical traditions on U.S. hip-hop, but there is still no clear, integrated account of how rhythm, sampling, and cultural negotiation work together to shape the genre. This narrative review addresses that gap by examining African musical elements as core organizing principles within hip-hop and tracing how they continue to operate in digital and algorithm-driven environments. Drawing on scholarship from musicology, cultural studies, ethnomusicology, and digital humanities, which uses computational and digital methods to analyze cultural and musical patterns, the review brings these conversations into dialogue rather than treating them in isolation. It highlights three connected dynamics: the blending of African rhythmic frameworks with Western musical forms, sampling as a technologically updated expression of African American aesthetic practice, and the role of both in shaping identity and social critique. The analysis shows that African-derived rhythms remain structurally central to hip-hop, that sampling acts as a form of cultural memory in the digital age, and that tensions between continuity and global fusion persist within platform-based music economies. This review argues for understanding hip-hop not merely as a product of African influence but as an ongoing site where diasporic musical logic adapts to and sometimes resists technologically mediated cultural systems. Keywords: Hip-Hop, African Musical Elements, Rhythmic Fusion, Sampling, Cultural Negotiation, African Diaspora

Structured aesthetic surgery training during residency is often inadequate, creating a global training gap. The International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) established a fellowship program to address this, but its educational impact has not been systematically evaluated. This study provides the first multicenter, international analysis of the ISAPS fellowship's effect on procedural exposure, surgeon confidence, and career trajectory. An online survey was distributed to all surgeons who had completed an ISAPS fellowship. The questionnaire captured demographics, residency-level aesthetic surgery exposure, fellowship case volume, perceived educational quality, post-fellowship confidence, and career changes. Trends in confidence across ascending procedural volume were analyzed using the one-sided Jonckheere-Terpstra test. Four hundred and sixty-nine former ISAPS fellows from 27 countries responded. Respondents reported minimal aesthetic surgery exposure during residency (median score 1 on a 6-point scale). The fellowship provided significant operative experience, with 35.0% of fellows logging over 50 cases in at least one procedure. Post-fellowship, 81.4% of participants reported increased operative confidence, a trend that was statistically significant for several key procedures (p < 0.05). The fellowship reshaped careers, with the proportion of fellows focused primarily on aesthetic surgery rising from 9.5 to 60.4%. Overall satisfaction was high, with 96.2% stating the fellowship pushed their career. The most cited area for improvement was the degree of hands-on surgical experience. The ISAPS fellowship is a highly effective model for post-residency aesthetic surgery training. It successfully bridges the training gap by providing high-volume operative experience that translates directly into increased surgeon confidence, adoption of new techniques, and a career shift toward aesthetic practice. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors.

This essay explores how graphic memoirs reshape our understanding of physical care by portraying it not as menial labor but as a form of somatic creativity that blends ethical intention with aesthetic sensitivity. Drawing on Richard Shusterman's somaesthetics and Felicity Aulino's rituals of care, it examines Sarah Leavitt's Tangles: A Story About Alzheimer's, My Mother, and Me (2012) and Joyce Farmer's Special Exits: A Graphic Memoir (2010) to show how both works transform caregiving from a stigmatized task into a model of empathetic exchange by challenging the social stigma that devalues intimate bodily care as degrading "dirty work" and equates dependency with a loss of dignity. While unflinchingly depicting the difficult realities of embodied care, Tangles and Special Exits reimagine it as an artistic collaboration between caregiver and cared-for-a practice that affirms dignity and creative potential. Through their distinctive visual and narrative sensitivity, these graphic care memoirs illuminate the sensory and ritual dimensions of caregiving, presenting it as an ethical and aesthetic practice vital to sustaining human connection. In doing so, they issue a powerful call for systemic change, urging a cultural revaluation of embodied care as a practice grounded in creativity, reciprocity, and shared vulnerability.

Aesthetic surgery is commonly framed as a technical modification of anatomic structures. Yet patients rarely seek surgery for tissue alone; they seek transformation within a visual and social field. Drawing on the philosophy of Maurice Merleau-Ponty, particularly his concepts of "flesh" and the reciprocity of seer and seen, this paper reinterprets aesthetic surgery as an intervention within the relational space between body and gaze. Merleau-Ponty's ontology of flesh describes the body not as an object but as a visible-sensible field embedded in mutual perception. The surgical patient inhabits a body that is simultaneously lived and seen. In aesthetic practice, the surgeon operates at the intersection of anatomic modification and perceptual recalibration. Procedures such as rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty, or facial contouring alter structural form; however, their clinical success depends on shifts in self-perception, social gaze, and embodied confidence. Thus, aesthetic surgery functions as a recalibration of the reciprocity between flesh and gaze rather than a mere correction of tissue. This relational perspective reframes surgical ethics: the surgeon intervenes not simply in morphology but in a perceptual ecology. Understanding aesthetic surgery as an intervention into the reciprocity of flesh and gaze expands the conceptual horizon of craniofacial practice. It situates technical skill within an embodied, phenomenological framework and encourages surgeons to acknowledge the lived body as central to operative decision-making.

The training of health specialists is a strategic component for the operational, human, and territorial sustainability of the public health system. However, Chilean university training models-primarily oriented toward technical efficiency-have tended to marginalize the relational and ethical dimensions of care, weakening the experience of care and diminishing trust in health institutions. From a theoretical-reflective perspective, this article explores the possibilities and tensions that arise when transferring the principles of radical care and their performative version, Embodying Radical Care to the field of specialist medical training in Chile, proposing that these approaches may contribute to reconfiguring medical training processes toward an embodied ethics of care. From this perspective, the article develops a comparative analysis of theoretical approaches that integrates care ethics, the politics of interdependence, and performative practice. Incorporating these perspectives could strengthen relational and affective competencies in clinical teaching, deepening the learning process through the ethics of radical care and recognizing bodily experience and ethical sensitivity as dimensions of professional formation. At the same time, these principles could improve the experience of care by fostering a culture that acknowledges interdependence among people, institutions, and territories, thereby consolidating a more humane and sustainable medical practice. Ultimately, this reflection seeks to offer conceptual foundations for public policies on training and humanization in health that understand care not merely as a technical act, but as an ethical, political, and aesthetic practice essential for the sustainability of the health system.

This paper explores mediated scenes of feminine bodies at work in contemporary Kerala, a state in Southern India. It demonstrates that regional cinematic practices, embedded in the changing media ecologies of the 21st century, have the potential to inject critical energies into the global discourse of feminism by prising open registers of the body. The key site of analysis in this paper is the film &lt;i&gt;Asanghaditar&lt;/i&gt; (The Unorganized, 2022), directed by Kunjila Mascillamani, that recreates a protest for toilets lead by unorganised women workers. &lt;i&gt;Asanghaditar&lt;/i&gt; traces how feminine bodies, often caught within the sticky meshes of shame, slip out and interrupt this enfolding. The paper examines the aesthetic practices of the film and its linkages to the tactical and tactile workings of digital media forms and embodied protests by marginalised women workers. Through a focus on sensory encounters generated by this film, the paper analyses how regional cinematic practices disrupt the framework of sexualization—the dual paradigms of sexual violence and desire—that often dominates the figuration of woman/women in national and global discourses on gender

Abstract The Valparaíso School in Chile is celebrated as an experiment in post–World War II educational ideas and neo-avant-garde aesthetic practices. The school’s singular collective works, such as the Open City—charged with developing an architecture cogenerated with poetry—have sought to erase the boundaries between learning, working, and living. This essay posits a reinterpretation of the Valparaíso School by foregrounding the religious framework underlying its members’ collective undertakings. It examines the 1967 Architecture School Manifesto, which called for testimonies of Christian faith, underpinned by a masculinist rhetoric, to contextualize the revolutionary impetus of the school’s practice, the relationship between poetry and theology, and the founding of the Open City in 1971. With close readings of foundational texts, archival evidence, and original interviews, this essay reveals a lay apostolate guiding the school’s philosophy, pedagogy, and practice. By challenging the secularizing logic of modernity, it highlights progressive Christians who, oriented toward a sacrificial form of masculinity, sought an ecumenical project based on their faith.

Folk and tribal arts constitute an integral component of indigenous social life, functioning not merely as aesthetic practices but as systems of knowledge, cultural memory, and social organization. This paper presents an in-depth sociological study of folk and tribal art traditions in Mandla district of Madhya Pradesh, a predominantly tribal region inhabited mainly by Gond, Baiga, Bharia, and other indigenous communities. The study examines the distinctive art forms practiced by each tribe—such as Gond painting, Baiga wall art, ritual body tattooing, folk music, and dance—and situates them within their respective social, religious, ecological, and economic contexts. Using qualitative research methods including ethnographic observation, semi-structured interviews, life-history narratives, and visual analysis of art forms, the paper analyzes how tribal art reflects social structure, gender roles, collective belief systems, and community-based modes of production. Drawing upon sociological theories of cultural functionalism, symbolic interactionism, and Bourdieu’s concept of cultural capital, the study argues that tribal art in Mandla operates as a living social institution that sustains cultural continuity and reinforces collective identity. A central contribution of this paper lies in its analysis of the dynamic interrelationship between tribal art and regional folk art. Rather than treating them as separate cultural categories, the study demonstrates that folk and tribal arts in Mandla exist along a cultural continuum shaped by shared rituals, festivals, ecological settings, and inter-community interaction. The paper further examines the impact of modernization, state intervention, and market integration on indigenous art practices, highlighting both opportunities for economic empowerment and risks of symbolic dilution and cultural commodification. By foregrounding indigenous perspectives and contextualizing art within everyday social life, this study contributes to global sociological debates on indigenous knowledge systems, cultural sustainability, and the sociology of art in non-Western societies. The findings underscore the need to recognize tribal and folk arts not merely as heritage objects but as dynamic social processes essential to cultural resilience in an era of rapid globalization.

Early Childhood Education and the early years of Elementary School constitute foundational stages of human development, in which the bases of language, sensitivity, and children’s symbolic constitution are consolidated. In this context, literacy, understood as a social practice, expands into the notion of aesthetic literacy, integrating language, art, and sensory experience as constitutive dimensions of learning. However, educational policies marked by curriculum standardization and large-scale assessments have prioritized measurable outcomes, which may restrict the space for artistic languages and aesthetic experiences in everyday school life. In light of this scenario, this article aimed to analyze, through a literature review, how aesthetic literacy has been discussed within Early Childhood Education and Elementary School in the public education system, highlighting its implications for teacher education and pedagogical practices. The study is characterized as qualitative, theoretical, and bibliographic in nature, grounded in a deductive-analytical method. The methodological procedure consisted of a systematized literature review guided by the PRISMA protocol and examined through Bardin’s Content Analysis framework. The results reveal a theoretical consensus regarding the centrality of aesthetic education to integral human development, as well as the importance of teacher education for consolidating intentional aesthetic practices. Nevertheless, tensions were identified between the discursive recognition of integral formation and the predominance of instrumental approaches. It is concluded that aesthetic literacy constitutes an integrative category capable of articulating literacy, sensitivity, and criticality, making it essential to strengthen teacher education policies that systematically incorporate this dimension into public education systems.