Continuous Aerobic Training Research Articles

The impact Of high-intensity interval training On functioning And health-related quality Of life In post-stroke patients: A systematic review With meta-analysis

Objective To examine the effects of high-intensity interval training on the functioning and health-related quality of life of post-stroke patients. Methods We searched the following electronic databases: MEDLINE/Pubmed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PEDro database, and Scielo up to January 2022 for randomized controlled trials that investigated the effects of high-intensity interval training in post-stroke patients. Two reviewers selected the studies independently. Study quality was evaluated using the PEDro scale. The mean difference (MD), standard mean difference (SMD), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results Nine studies met the study criteria (375 patients). The age of the participants ranged from 55.8 to 72.1 years. The studies included patients within 2 weeks of stroke onset to patients longer than 1 month of stroke. High-intensity interval training resulted in improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen uptake) MD (3.8 mL/kg/min, 95% CI: 2.62, 5.01, n = 91), balance MD 5.7 (95% CI: 3.50, 7.91; N = 64), and gait speed SMD (0.2 m/s; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.27; N = 100) compared with continuous aerobic training. The health-related quality of life did not differ between the groups. Compared to usual care, high-intensity interval training improved the cardiorespiratory fitness SMD (0.5 95% CI: 0.14, 0.81, n = 239). No serious adverse events were observed. Conclusions The findings of this systematic review show that high-intensity interval training was more efficient than continuous aerobic training to gain cardiorespiratory fitness, balance and gait speed in post-stroke patients. In addition, compared to usual care, high-intensity interval training improved cardiorespiratory fitness.

High-Intensity Interval Training for Reducing Cancer-Related Fatigue in Survivors of Cancer: Challenges and Solutions for Translation and Implementation in Cancer Rehabilitation

Moderate-intensity continuous aerobic exercise training (MICT) is used to help alleviate symptoms of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in many cancer rehabilitation programs. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has become increasingly popular, including several research studies demonstrating promising effects of HIIT on CRF among patients and survivors of cancer. However, we propose that 2 primary limitations exist in the current literature that must be addressed before HIIT should be translated from research studies and implemented in cancer rehabilitation. These limitations are the lack of generalizability of this research and a paucity of studies that have directly compared MICT with HIIT while matching for total exercise volume. In this commentary, we expand on the rationale for the proposed limitations and provide suggestions for future research directions.

Effect of Adding a 2-Month Consequent Continuous and Interval Elliptical Aerobic Training to Once-Daily 5-mg Tadalafil Administration on Erectile Dysfunction in Obese Men

Effect of Adding a 2-Month Consequent Continuous and Interval Elliptical Aerobic Training to Once-Daily 5-mg Tadalafil Administration on Erectile Dysfunction in Obese Men

Investigation of expression of myocardial miR-126, miR-29a and miR-222 as a potential marker in STZ- induced diabetic rats following interval and continuous exercise training.

Cardiac miRNAs are the recently discovered key modulators of gene expression in the heart which have been shown to contribute to both transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation in diabetic cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of interval and continuous aerobic training on diabetic hearts by examining the expression of myocardial miR-126, miR-222 and miR-29a genes. Thirty male wistar rats (200 ± 20g) were randomly divided into six groups of healthy control (HC), diabetes control (DC), continuous training (CT), interval training (IT), continuous training with diabetes (CTD), and interval training with diabetes (ITD). Nicotinamide and Streptozotocin (STZ) were injected to induce type 2 diabetes. CT was performed with a speed of 10 to 22m/min and 20 to 30min and IT was performed with 10 to 39m/min and total time of 15min, five sessions per week for 6weeks. Muscle expression of miR-126, miR-29a and miR-222 was determined by the RT-PCR method. The results show that gene expression of miR-126 was higher in IT (p < 0.01) compare to other groups. Also expression of miR-126 was higher in the CT compare to DC (p < 0.05) group. Gene expression of miR-222 was higher in aerobic groups than other groups (p < 0.01). Also expression of miR-222 was higher in ITD compare to the DC and CTD (p < 0.01) groups. Expression of miR-29a gene was higher in the aerobic groups compare to other groups. Also miR-29a was higher in the IT compare to CT (p < 0.01) group. Diabetes decreased the expression of genes associated with the development of cardiac function. It seems that IT played a more effective role in cardiac protection than CT through higher miR-126, miR-222 and miR-29a gene expression.

Exercício físico aeróbio contínuo ou intervalado reduz ingestão de frutose em ratas Wistar

ABSTRACT: Objctive: Fructose consumption has increased worldwide. Excessive fructose intake has been a risk factor for the increased metabolic syndrome disorder incidence. This study aimed to investigate the possible influence of two different exercise training methods, continuous and interval, on fructose intake. Methods: Thirty two-months-old female Wistar rats were divided into six groups: sedentary + water ; sedentary + fructose ; continuous training + water ; interval training + water ; continuous training + fructose ; interval training + fructose . Fructose was given in drinking water (10%). Continuous (40 minutes at 40% maximal speed) or interval training (28 minutes, 1 minute at 70%; 3 minutes at 35% maximal speed) sessions were carried out 3 days/week for 8 weeks. Results: Fructose consumption decreased food intake with a concomitant increase in fluid intake. Continuous and interval training did not modify food intake but progressively reduced fructose ingestion. In the 8th week, interval training + fructose and continuous training + fructose groups drank less fructose solution, 35% and 23%, respectively, than sedentary + fructose group. Conclusion: The findings indicate that both continuous and interval aerobic exercise training seem to modulate food behavior, possibly by mitigating the craving for sweetness, with interval training being more effective in reducing fructose intake than continuous exercise.

Interval or continuous aerobic exercise performed 3 days a week increases endothelium-dependent relaxation in female rats fed with fructose

Aim: We investigated the effects of continuous or interval aerobic exercise training on vascular reactivity of female rats fed with fructose. Methods: Female Wistar rats (8-wk old) were divided into: sedentary (SD), continuous training (CTR), and interval training (ITR). Moderate intensity training protocols consisted of running 3 days/week for 7 weeks. CTR ran 40 min at 30%–40% of the maximal speed (MS) and TRI consisted of 7 sets of 1 min at 70% of MS followed by 3 min at 35% of MS. Animals were fed with standard chow and fructose (10%) in drinking water. Concentration-response curves to acetylcholine and phenylephrine, and oxidative stress biomarkers, were determined in the aorta. Body weight gain, visceral fat, and plasma triglycerides and glucose were also evaluated. Results: Endothelium-dependent relaxation was significantly increased by both exercise regimens (CTR: Emax = 85 ± 6% and ITR: Emax = 84 ± 1%) compared to sedentary rats (SD: Emax = 62 ± 5%). The contractile maximal response was not different but phenylephrine potency was increased in CTR (pEC50: 8.41 ± 0.19) and reduced in ITR (pEC50: 7.06 ± 0.11) compared to SD (pEC50: 7.77 ± 0.08). In addition, the generation of superoxide was lower in trained groups as compared with sedentary (about −28% in CTR and −22% in ITR). TBARS and nitrate/nitrite levels were not modified. Compared to the SD group, ITR gained 39% less body weight and CTR has 29% less visceral fat. Glucose and triglycerides were not modified. Conclusion: CTR and ITR, carried out 3 days/week, were efficient to improve endothelium-dependent relaxation and reduce superoxide generation in the aorta from female rats fed with fructose.

Hippocampal Adaptations to Continuous Aerobic Training: A Functional and Ultrastructural Evaluation in a Young Murine Model.

Aerobic training is known to influence cognitive processes, such as memory and learning, both in animal models and in humans. Particularly, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that aerobic exercise can increase neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, improve hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), and reduce age-related decline in mnemonic function. However, the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Based on this evidence, the aim of our study was to verify whether the application of two aerobic training protocols, different in terms of speed and speed variation, could modulate synaptic plasticity in a young murine model. Therefore, we assessed the presence of any functional changes by extracellular recordings in vitro in mouse hippocampal slices and structural alterations by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Our results showed that an aerobic training protocol, well designed in terms of speed and speed variation, significantly contributes to improving synaptic plasticity and hippocampal ultrastructure, optimizing its benefits in the brain. Future studies will aim to clarify the underlying biological mechanisms involved in the modulation of synaptic plasticity induced by aerobic training.

Exercise Training Increases Serum Cardiac Troponin T Independent of Left Ventricular Mass.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise training mediated cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and whether this was associated with increases in left ventricular mass (LVM). Fifty-four sedentary obese women were randomised to high-intensity interval training (HIIT, repeated 4-min cycling at 90% V̇O2max interspersed with 3-min rest), work-equivalent continuous aerobic training (CAT, continuous cycling at 60% V̇O2max) or a control group (CON). Resting serum cTnT was assessed using a high-sensitivity assay before and after 12 weeks of training. LVM was determined from 2D echocardiography at the same timepoints. Both HIIT and CAT induced a similar elevation (median 3.07 to 3.76 ng.l-1, p<0.05) in resting cTnT compared with pre-training and the CON (3.49 to 3.45 ng.l-1, p>0.05). LVM index in HIIT increased (62.2±7.8 to 73.1±14.1 g.m-2, p<0.05), but not in CAT (66.1±9.7 to 67.6±9.6 g.m-2, p>0.05) and CON (67.9±9.5 to 70.2±9.1 g.m-2, p>0.05). Training-induced changes in resting cTnT did not correlate with changes in LVM index (r=-0.025, p=0.857). These findings suggest that twelve weeks of either HIIT or CAT increased resting cTnT, but the effects were independent of any changes in LVM in sedentary obese women.

Effect of Continuous Aerobic Training with Citrus Aurantium L. on Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases Gene Expression in the Liver Tissue of the Elderly Rats

Effect of Continuous Aerobic Training with Citrus Aurantium L. on Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases Gene Expression in the Liver Tissue of the Elderly Rats

Short-Term Aerobic Exercise Did Not Change Telomere Length While It Reduced Testosterone Levels and Obesity Indexes in PCOS: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Study.

Metabolic and hormonal outcomes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have implications on telomere biology and physical activity may prevent telomere erosion. We sought to observe the effects of continuous (CAT) and intermittent (IAT) aerobic training on telomere length, inflammatory biomarkers, and its correlation with metabolic, hormonal, and anthropometric parameters of PCOS. This randomized controlled clinical trial study included 87 PCOS randomly stratified according to body mass index (BMI) in CAT (n = 28), IAT (n = 29) and non-training control group (CG, n = 30). The exercises were carried out on a treadmill, three times per week for 16 weeks. The participants’ anthropometric characteristics and biochemical and hormonal concentrations were measured before and after aerobic training or observation period, as the telomere length that was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR. Four months of aerobic exercises (CAT or IAT) did not alter telomere length and inflammatory biomarkers in PCOS women. Obesity index as BMI and waist circumference (WC), and inflammatory biomarkers negatively affect telomeres. The hyper-andro-genism measured by testosterone levels was reduced after both exercises (CAT, p ≤ 0.001; IAT, p = 0.019). In particular, the CAT reduced WC (p = 0.045), hip circumference (p = 0.032), serum cholesterol (p ≤ 0.001), and low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.030). Whereas, the IAT decreased WC (p = 0.014), waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.012), free androgen index (FAI) (p = 0.037). WC (p = 0.049) and body fat (p = 0.015) increased in the non-training group while total cholesterol was reduced (p = 0.010). Booth exercises reduced obesity indices and hyperandrogenism on PCOS women without changes in telomere length or inflammatory biomarkers.

Efficacy of high-intensity interval- or continuous aerobic-training on insulin resistance and muscle function in adults with metabolic syndrome: a clinical trial.

We carried out a randomized, clinical trial in adults of both sexes with metabolic syndrome (MS) to assess the efficacy of high-intensity, low-volume interval training (HIIT) compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on insulin resistance (IR), muscle mass, muscle activation, and serum musclin. Fasting glycemia, insulinemia, and glycated haemoglobin were determined by conventional methods, IR by Homeostatic model assessment (HOMA), lean mass by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, muscle activation through carnosine by Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, and musclin by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay before and after a supervised, three-times/week, 12-week treadmill programme. HIIT (n = 29) consisted of six intervals with one-minute, high-intensity phases at 90% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). MICT (n = 31) trained at 60% of VO2peak for 30min. Patients had a mean age of 50.8 ± 6.0years, body mass index of 30.6 ± 4.0kg/m2, and VO2peak of 29.0 ± 6.3mL.kg-1.min-1. Compared to MICT, HIIT was not superior at reducing Ln HOMA-IR (adjusted mean difference: 0.083 [95%CI - 0.092 to 0.257]), carnosine or musclin or at increasing thigh lean mass. HIIT increased carnosine by 0.66mmol/kg.ww (95% CI 0.08-1.24) after intervention. Both interventions reduced IR, body fat percentage and increased total lean mass/height2 and VO2peak. Musclin showed a non-significant reduction with a small effect size after both interventions. Compared to MICT, HIIT is not superior at reducing IR, carnosine or musclin or at increasing skeletal muscle mass in adults with MS. Both training types improved IR, muscle mass and body composition. NCT03087721, March 22nd, 2017. NCT03087721. Registered March 22nd, 2017.

Blood Lactate AUC Is a Sensitive Test for Evaluating the Effect of Exercise Training on Functional Work Capacity in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure.

Purpose Exercise training is an essential treatment option for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, it remains controversial, which surrogate measures of functional work capacity are most reliable. The purpose of this paper was to compare functional capacity work measured as capillary lactate concentrations area under the curve (AUC) with standard cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) with VO2peak and the 6-minute walk test (6 MWT). Methods Twenty-three patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II/III with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <35% were randomised to home-based recommendation of regular exercise (RRE) (controls), moderate continuous training (MCT) or aerobic interval training (AIT). The MCT and AIT groups underwent 12 weeks of supervised exercise training. Exercise testing was performed as standard CPET treadmill test with analysis of VO2peak, the 6 MWT and a novel 30-minute submaximal treadmill test with capillary lactate AUC. Results All patients had statistically significant improvements in VO2peak, 6 MWT and lactate AUC after 12 weeks of exercise training: 6 MWT (p =0.035), VO2peak (p =0.049) and lactate AUC (p =0.002). Lactate AUC (p =0.046) and 6MWT (p =0.035), but not VO2peak revealed difference between the exercise modalities regarding functional work capacity. Conclusion 6-MWT and lactate AUC, but not VO2peak, were able to reveal a statistically significant improvement in functional capacity between different exercise modalities.

Safety of High-Intensity, Low-Volume Interval Training or Continuous Aerobic Training in Adults With Metabolic Syndrome.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety of high-intensity, low-volume interval training (HIIT-low volume) compared with moderate-intensity continuous aerobic training (MICT) in adults with metabolic syndrome. This is a controlled, randomized, clinical trial in patients without history of ischemic heart disease or diabetes, who underwent a supervised, 3 sessions/week, 12-week treadmill exercise program. The HIIT-low volume (n = 29) sessions consisted of 6 intervals with 1-minute, high-intensity phases at 90% of peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak). The MICT (n = 31) trained at 60% of VO2peak for 30 minutes. A new approach to record and classify all clinical events according to possible causality based on Naranjo's algorithm was developed. Patients were 50.8 ± 6.0 years old, 70% women, with body mass index of 30.6 ± 4.0 kg/m2 and VO2peak of 29.0 ± 6.3 mL·kg-1·min-1. In total, 60 clinical events were recorded in the HIIT-low volume group and 48 in the MICT group, with 59.3% classified as general disease. Only 21 events were classified as adverse reactions possibly related to exercise, without any serious adverse reactions. Both interventions had a similar incidence of musculoskeletal events (incidence rate ratio, 1.1; 95% confidence interval, 0.6-1.8), but HIIT-low volume had a higher incidence of cardiovascular events (incidence rate ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 0.4-22.8) after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (HIIT-low volume: chest pain [n = 1] and symptoms of venous insufficiency of lower limbs [n = 2]; MICT: chest pain [n = 1]). The HIIT-low volume and MICT are safe in patients with metabolic syndrome. We recommend a muscle-conditioning program prior to both and to avoid HIIT-low volume in treadmill in patients with venous insufficiency of the lower limbs.Trial registration number NCT03087721.

The Effect of Continuous Aerobic Training on Bax/Bcl2 Ratio in Pancreatic Tissue Diabetic Rats

Objective: Apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of continuous aerobic training on Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in pancreatic tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: A total number of 40 male Wistar rats, were divided into healthy control (HC), healthy trained (HT), diabetic control (DC), and diabetic trained (DT) groups. Diabetes was also induced by a single intraperitoneally injection of STZ (45 mg/kg). the training groups performed the exercise on the treadmill for five consecutive days within six weeks with 10-18 m/min intensity and 10-30 minute duration based on the principle of overload. the pancreatic tissue levels of the Bax and the Bcl-2 proteins were further determined via the ELISA method. The analysis of variance test (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc test was used for analyzing the data. Results: The results showed that the induction of diabetes had significantly decreased the levels of Bcl-2 protein and increased the levels of Bax protein and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the pancreatic tissue (Pvalue=0.001,Effect Size=0.29). As well, the findings showed that six weeks of aerobic exercise training had significantly increased the levels of Bcl-2 and significantly decreased the levels of Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the DT group (P-value=0.012, Effect Size=0.23). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, exercise can be considered an effective strategy to reduce the rate of diabeticinduced apoptosis and control its complications.

Aerobic interval training improves irisin and chemerin levels of both liver and visceral adipose tissues and circulating asprosin in rats with metabolic syndrome.

The perturbation of adipokinetic hormones, such as irisin, chemerin, and asprosin has been reported to participate in pathological conditions (e.g., insulin resistance) and chronic inflammation. However, exercise training has been long established as an effective intervention for prevention and treatment of these chronic and metabolic diseases. This study was to examine the effects of aerobic continuous training (ACT) and aerobic interval training (AIT) on irisin and chemerin levels of liver tissue (LT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT), circulating asprosin, and their relationships with cardiometabolic risk factors in rats with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Thirty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four equal groups: normal control (N-Ctr), control (Ctr-MetS), ACT, and AIT. After familiarization, rats with exercise intervention performed either ACT or AIT five times a week over eight weeks. The level of irisin in both ACT and AIT groups was higher than the Ctr-MetS group in LT and VAT, with a greater improvement of LT level observed in AIT vs. ACT groups. Furthermore, the level of chemerin in LT and VAT was lower in both ACT and AIT groups than the Ctr-MetS group, whereas only AIT group exhibited a reduction of serum asprosin when compared to ACT and Ctr-MetS, along with the improvements of cardiometabolic markers, such as HOMA-IR and lipid profile. These findings may support the efficiency and effectiveness of AIT intervention in the modulation of these novel metabolic hormones and cardiometabolic risk factors for reduced risk of metabolic syndrome.

Continuous Moderate Exercise Influence on Cardiac Remodeling in Patients Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background: Following myocardial infarction (MI), left ventricle (LV) remodeling is a complex and multifactorial mechanism with therapeutic and prognostic consequences. Medications that reduce LV remodeling increase survival and quality of life. Exercising following a myocardial infarction (MI) is effective according to several trials. The implications on operation and remodeling, however, are still debated Aim of work: To evaluate continuous moderate-intensity aerobic training effects by using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging on left ventricular remodeling after one month of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) following myocardial infarction. Methods: Forty eligible patients (5 females and 35 males) who had PCI after one month of having MI with age 45-65 years old. They underwent conventional medical treatment in addition to a supervised intensive recovery regimen that included 36 hours of continuous moderate aerobic exercise (three times /week for 12 weeks). Evaluation of the effect of this program was done by magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) to calculate EF. Result: This research was done on 40 patients (5 females and 35 males) who had PCI after myocardial infarction. The mean age of the participants was 54.1 ± 7.0. Most patients have Killip class I. LAD was the culprit artery in 70% of the patients. The most common risk factors were smoking, dyslipidemia, and overweight. Post-treatment BMI decreased compared with pre-treatment BMI (p &lt;0.05) for an improvement average of 5.37 percent. There was also a substantial improvement in the pretreatment systolic blood pressure and functional parameters as compared for post-treatment (p&lt;0.05). As regard cardiac MRI, There was a significant reduction in post-treatment LV mass (117.2 ± 27.2) relative to pretreatment (128.7 ± 38.9). EF % was marked improvement from 49.32 ± 5.12 to 56.63 ± 5.49 (P value &lt; 000.1). EDV and all other parameters show marked improvement post treatment as compared to pretreatment. Conclusion: Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise improved LV remodeling after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) one month following myocardial Infarction.

Effectiveness of Continuous Aerobic Versus High-Intensity Interval Training on Atherosclerotic and Inflammatory Markers in Boys With Overweight/Obesity.

Atherosclerosis is a complex multifactorial disease whose first steps can be initiated from childhood. Therefore, we examined the effects of 2 training models on salusins levels, inflammatory markers, and lipid profile in boys with overweight/obesity. Forty-five boys with overweight/obesity with the mean age of 11.06 (1.0) years were randomly divided into three groups of 15: a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group (100%-110% of maximum aerobic speed); an aerobic training group (40%-70% of heart rate reserve); and a control group. The intervention included 3 sessions per week for 12weeks. Findings showed significant improvements in serum levels of salusins, salusins ratio, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and total cholesterol (TC) in both training groups (P < .001). Also, the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and cholesterol index improved significantly (P < .01). Except for the TG, HIIT caused higher improvements than aerobic training (P < .001 for salusin-α, salusins ratio, IL-6, CRP, TC, HDL, AIP, and cholesterol index; and P < .01 for salusin-β and LDL). The present study shows that HIIT has more positive effects than aerobic exercise on the atherosclerotic and inflammatory factors, as well as lipid profile variables in children with overweight/obesity.

Effects of Different Types of Exercise Training on Endothelial Function in Prehypertensive and Hypertensive Individuals: A Systematic Review.

ResumoFundamento:A hipertensão sustentada pode levar ao remodelamento vascular e lesão das células endoteliais, o que pode explicar a disfunção endotelial encontrada em hipertensos. O treinamento físico pode melhorar a saúde vascular em indivíduos com risco cardiovascular, mas pouco se sabe sobre seus efeitos em pré-hipertensos e hipertensos.Objetivo:Revisar a literatura mostrando evidências de alterações da função endotelial em resposta a diferentes modalidades de treinamento físico em pré-hipertensos e hipertensos.Métodos:Realizamos uma revisão sistemática de estudos nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Cochrane, LILACS, EMBASE e SciELO seguindo tanto as diretrizes PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes) quanto a estratégia PICO (paciente/população, intervenção, comparação e resultados). Os ensaios clínicos randomizados (ECRs) publicados até abril de 2019 foram selecionados e avaliados por quatro revisores independentes. A qualidade metodológica foi avaliada por meio da escala PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database).Resultados:Nossa busca rendeu 598 resumos, e 10 estudos foram elegíveis para revisão. Todos eles apresentaram qualidade metodológica aceitável pela escala PEDro. Dos 10 estudos, 7 envolveram treinamento aeróbico, 1 treinamento resistido isométrico e 2 treinamento aeróbico e treinamento resistido dinâmico separadamente. Sete estudos usaram dilatação fluxo-mediada (DFM) para avaliar a saúde vascular, e três usaram pletismografia. A maioria dos protocolos de treinamento envolveu indivíduos hipertensos e consistiu em exercícios de baixa e moderada intensidade.Conclusão:Nossa revisão sistemática mostrou que o treinamento aeróbico contínuo moderado é eficaz para melhorar a saúde vascular em indivíduos hipertensos. Em pré-hipertensos, o treinamento aeróbico intervalado vigoroso parece ser uma alternativa para benefícios à saúde vascular. O treinamento físico resistido isométrico ou dinâmico pode ser usado como alternativa secundária, mas ainda requer mais investigação.

Exercise training and reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

ObjectiveExercise is recommended for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the most effective exercise prescription is unclear. This trial compared effects of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT), continuous aerobic exercise training (CAET) and no‐exercise control on reproductive, anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes in PCOS.DesignPilot randomized controlled trial.ParticipantsPreviously inactive women aged 18–40 years with PCOS.MeasurementsFeasibility outcomes included recruitment, retention, adherence to exercise and daily ovulation prediction kit (OPK) testing. Preliminary efficacy outcomes included reproductive, anthropometric and cardiometabolic health markers.ResultsForty‐seven women were randomized to no‐exercise control (n = 17), HIIT (n = 16), or CAET (n = 14). Forty (85%) participants completed the trial. Median exercise adherence was 68% (IQR 53%, 86%). Median daily OPK‐testing adherence in the first half of the intervention was 87% (IQR 61%, 97%) compared with 65% (IQR 0%, 96%) in the second half. Body mass index decreased significantly in CAET compared with control (−1.0 kg/m2, p = .01) and HIIT (−0.9 kg/m2, p = .04). Mean waist circumference decreased in all groups (−7.3 cm, −6.9 cm, −4.5 cm in HIIT, CAET and control) with no significant between‐group differences. Mean LDL‐C was significantly reduced for HIIT compared to CAET (−0.33 mmol/L, p = .03). HDL‐C increased in HIIT compared with control (0.18 mmol/L, p = .04).ConclusionsThere were feasibility challenges with adherence to daily ovulation assessment limiting the ability to analyse the effect of the exercise interventions on ovulation. CAET and HIIT were both effective at improving anthropometrics and some cardiometabolic health markers. Further studies need to determine optimal and acceptable exercise prescriptions for this population.

Continuous Aerobic Training and High Intensity Interval Training Increase Exercise Tolerance in Heart Failure Patients: A Retrospective Study

Background: Conventional aerobic training is the first choice in cardiac rehabilitation for patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) may be an alternative, although it has little evidence. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of continuous aerobic training (CAT) or HIIT on exercise tolerance in CHF patients. Methods: Retrospective study with 30 patients, of both genders, members of a 10-week CAT or HIIT program. The control group (CON) consisted of patients who did not participate voluntarily [...]