Marine life under plastic threat: A systematic review of systematic reviews.

Targeting focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Molecular mechanisms and combination therapeutic strategies.

Advancements in research on the corrosion behavior of neutron absorbing materials for spent nuclear fuel storage

Although sustained self-management behaviors are important for improving or preventing the worsening of cancer-related lymphedema (CRL), the definition of self-regulation, a core element of self-management behavior, remains unclear. These findings provide a foundation for the development of self-management behavior measurement scales, research advancements, and the development of effective interventions. This study aimed to define the concept of self-regulation in patients with CRL. Walker and Avant's eight-step concept analysis method was used to clarify the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of self-regulation in patients with CRL. Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Ichushi-Web (Japan Medical Abstracts Society Database). Related articles were searched using the search terms self-management, self-care, lymphedema, and self-regulation. The attributes defining self-regulation in patients with CRL were Motivational and emotional internal regulation, utilization of social resources, self-monitoring, Adjusting self-management behaviors, and Integrating self-management behaviors. Antecedents were the presence of emotional motivation and goals, Acceptance of lymphedema as a chronic condition, recognition of the necessity for self-management, understanding of self-management strategies and their effectiveness. The consequences were gaining a sense of control, symptom control, and life reconstruction and stabilization. This concept analysis clarifies self-regulation in patients with CRL and provides a theoretical foundation for the development of measurement tools and support strategies that reflect the continuity of self-management behaviors. The findings may facilitate future research and interventions aimed at improving the quality of life of patients with CRL.

Xanthine oxidase inhibitors for gout: Applications and novel drug development.

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are essential to several biological functions, from maintaining cellular homeostasis to driving disease progression and aging. As such, the precise modulation of cellular redox states has emerged as a promising medical strategy. In parallel, microneedle technology has rapidly advanced over the past two decades, offering minimally invasive, targeted, and painless delivery of therapeutics. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the emerging field of redox-active microneedles (RAMs), a novel class of wearable medical devices with broad potential for treating infected wounds, cancer, psoriasis, diabetes, arthritis, hair loss, skin aging, and potentially many other conditions. By integrating redox biology with advanced microneedle-based drug delivery systems, RAMs are poised to transform personalized and precision medicine, an evolution supported by a growing number of patents, clinical trials, and rapid advancements in catalytic, photodynamic, and nanomedicine research.

The Windows-APT Dataset 2025 represents a significant advancement in cybersecurity research, addressing critical gaps in the understanding of advanced persistent threat (APT) tactics against Windows systems. Existing datasets largely focus on network data, often overlooking the detailed tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) used by sophisticated threat actors. To bridge this gap, we developed a comprehensive dataset of 36 APT-inspired scenarios derived from threat actor profiles documented in the MITRE ATT&CK framework. Scenario selection mirrors MITRE ATT&CK group entries reported as China-attributed; we do not assert attribution and focus strictly on reproducing reported TTPs for research. Leveraging the MITRE Caldera framework for adversary emulation, we generated extensive system and network event logs, collected via Wazuh, and systematically mapped them to the MITRE ATT&CK framework. This dataset provides a valuable asset for machine learning model training, intrusion detection system evaluation, and the enhancement of APT dynamics studies. By providing a detailed view of APT activities in Windows environments, it enables stronger threat detection, informs defensive strategies, and facilitates development of effective countermeasures against emerging cyber threats. The dataset package contains 19 CSV files (including 16 per-period logs, one combined log, and two supplementary CSVs for manifest and validation), along with configuration files to support exact replication.

Hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) is a serious clinical condition caused by exposure to high-dose ionizing radiation that leads to the depletion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells with the collapse of the function of bone marrow. Despite the clinical significance of H-ARS, there have been few advances in H-ARS research owing to the dearth of physiologically relevant human models that mimic the complex bone marrow microenvironment. In this study, we used a stage-specific mesodermal differentiation protocol to establish human bone marrow organoids (hBMOs) derived from hiPSCs. The resulting organoids exhibited stromal-vascular architecture, supported multilineage hematopoiesis, and contained CD34+ hematopoietic populations, as confirmed by scRNA-seq and flow cytometry. To investigate the impact on the hematopoietic cell population, hBMOs were exposed to γ-irradiation at doses of 3, 6, and 9Gy. The organoids exhibited a marked depletion of hematopoietic cell populations and disruption of niche architecture, which are hallmarks of radiation-induced hematopoietic cell damage. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of hBMOs in H-ARS, hBMOs transplanted into lethally irradiated NSG mice significantly improved survival with successful engraftment of human hematopoietic cells within the host. These findings establish hBMOs as a robust and translational human model of radiation-induced hematopoietic cell damage.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram‑negative bacterial pathogen, and infection with this pathogen is a primary risk factor for gastric cancer (GC), often inducing chronic gastritis, which further increases the risk of cancer. Glycolysis carries out a key role in GC metabolism, serving as the primary energy pathway for cancer cells, particularly under hypoxic conditions. Enhanced glycolysis allows GC cells to sustain high proliferation rates and produce lactic acid, creating an acidic tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor progression. Understanding the mechanisms of H. pylori‑driven glycolysis may provide new insights into GC pathogenesis and reveal novel therapeutic targets. The present review addresses advances in glycolysis research in GC, summarizing its characteristics, identifying key mediators involved in metabolic reprogramming and exploring potential molecular mechanisms to recommend new targets for therapy.

Advances in genetic mechanisms and precision medicine research for cleft lip and palate.

Favipiravir's clinical potential for treating Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS): A narrative review.

Cell and gene therapies (CGT) have been increasingly translated into clinical practice over the past three decades; however, their development has been uneven across modalities and regions. Through a bibliometric analysis indexed in PubMed from 1989 to 2023, supplemented by citation and affiliation data from OpenAlex, we examined modality-specific progression under different regional and collaborative configurations and how transitions from basic to clinical research have emerged. Hematopoietic stem cell therapies have shown sustained growth in both clinical and high-impact publications, reflecting a mature field that remains scientifically relevant. In contrast, mesenchymal stem cell therapies experienced a rise in high-impact papers in the mid-2000s, but clinical publications stagnated, indicating a gap between academic interest and clinical applications. In gene therapy, the number of in vivo approaches increased in the 1990s. However, this was followed by a plateau in high-impact publications and a decline in clinical output, whereas ex vivo strategies have sharply increased since the mid-2010s, marking a transition toward tangible clinical translation. To further evaluate the global research landscape, we analyzed research activity and co-authorship patterns across countries and institutions in CGT. Our findings reveal distinct patterns of international collaboration. The United States and, more recently, China accounted for a large and growing share of CGT publications and high-impact papers, whereas Europe maintained steady contributions, and Japan's presence stagnated. Higher-impact output is generally associated with broader cross-border co-authorship, especially collaborations linking the United States and Europe, whereas collaborations involving China and Japan remain comparatively narrow. These results provide a data-driven foundation for guiding research policies and strategic cooperation in this evolving field.

Millimeter-scale, high-density three-dimensional constructs recapitulate hot and cold tumor microenvironment.

This review explores Alzheimer's disease (AD) in individuals with Down syndrome (DS), a genetically defined population with near-universal development of AD neuropathology by age 40. We examine the genetic basis of DS-AD, epidemiology, biomarker trajectories, and clinical trial innovations, highlighting how insights from DS research inform broader AD pathogenesis, early detection, and therapeutic strategies. Advances in biomarker research, including longitudinal studies such as ABC-DS, have mapped predictable trajectories of amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration in DS-AD, aligning closely with clinical staging. Plasma and CSF biomarkers (Aβ42, p-tau, NfL, GFAP) and neuroimaging modalities (amyloid/tau PET, MRI) demonstrate early and sequential changes decades before dementia onset. Revised AD diagnostic criteria now classify DS individuals as Stage 0 from birth, acknowledging genetic determinism and enabling earlier intervention. Comparative analyses between DS-AD, autosomal-dominant AD, and sporadic AD reveal shared pathological features but distinct timing and distribution of amyloid and tau. Clinical trials targeting amyloid and APP pathways in DS are underway, leveraging predictable disease progression to accelerate therapeutic development. Studying AD in DS provides a unique lens into the natural history of Alzheimer's disease, offering critical insights into genetic drivers, biomarker evolution, and therapeutic opportunities. The genetically defined and biologically concordant nature of DS-AD enables precise staging and early intervention strategies that can be translated to sporadic and familial AD. Continued investment in DS research will advance biomarker validation, refine clinical trial design, and inform personalized treatment approaches for the broader AD population.

Emerging multi-omics biomarkers in glioblastoma: Integrative insights from genomics to metabolomics.

AI-empowered crop protection against insect-borne diseases.

ABCA7 deficiency exacerbates glutamate excitotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease mice - A new pharmacological target for Glu-related neurotoxicity.

Proline, a privileged fragment in drug design: advances and future perspectives.

Colorectal cancer is a widespread malignant tumour, ranking as the third most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second primary cause of death worldwide. Surgery or surgery along with radiotherapy and or chemotherapy for individuals with metastatic CRC (mCRC) were considered the main treatment methods until the early 2000s, when targeted therapies like cetuximab and bevacizumab came into play. The use of targeted treatments in healthcare environments has significantly improved patient survival rates. Up to now, the advancement of different kinds of targeted treatments has opened up new prospects and revealed new options for managing mCRC. Therapeutic strategies are continually updated to determine the most suitable targeted drugs informed by the results of current clinical studies. Despite advancements in these therapies, resistance remains a significant challenge, often leading to treatment failure, reduced progression-free survival, and cancer recurrence. Resistance mechanisms in CRC are intricate, involving genetic alterations, epigenetic changes, tumour heterogeneity, and the tumour microenvironment. Moreover, a considerable number of patients face relapses following these therapies. Consequently, it is crucial to explore more efficient treatment alternatives for CRC patients. Immunotherapy, an emerging field in oncology, represents a novel treatment approach that harnesses the body’s immune system to combat cancer cells. The primary advantage of immunotherapy is its capacity to target cancer cells directly while limiting damage to healthy cells. Its recent application as a neoadjuvant therapy shows significant potential to transform the treatment landscape for both primary and metastatic CRC. Immune-modulation strategies have emerged as a promising new therapy to reduce this recurrence rate while minimizing undesirable systemic side effects. This review examines the microenvironment and the immunosuppressive conditions of tumour progression. It highlights the latest research advances in immunotherapy for colorectal metastasis and acknowledges immunotherapy as a promising treatment option with a hopeful future in clinical practice.

Prostate cancer is the most frequently identified cancer in men and remains a major cause of cancer-related deaths. Precise and prompt diagnosis is crucial for differentiating clinically relevant tumours from non-aggressive lesions and for guiding treatment choices. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp MRI) has transformed prostate cancer detection through accurate lesion localization, risk assessment, and enhanced biopsy targeting. Fusion biopsy, integrating mp MRI results with real-time transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), has become a highly efficient technique for sampling concerning lesions. Over the past thirty years, there have been swift advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, such as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, robotic surgery, image-guided hypo fractionated and stereotactic radiotherapy, new anti-androgens, and radioligand therapies. This review addresses the current management of every stage of prostate cancer in view of recent advancements, allowing for comprehensive personalization of treatment, and highlights the potential of future studies to enhance results even further. In this document, we provide an extensive overview of the evidence backing the use of chemotherapy in the current management of advanced prostate cancer, focusing particularly on the application of chemotherapy for aggressive variant prostate cancer (such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer) and the integration of chemotherapy with androgen signalling inhibitors. As prostate cancer research advances quickly, producing new agents and treatment methods, chemotherapy remains vital for extending the lives of patients with advanced and metastatic prostate cancer.