Advanced Civilization Research Articles

Infrared and optical detectability of Dyson spheres at white dwarf stars

ABSTRACT It has been hypothesized that advanced technological civilizations will construct giant space colonies and supporting infrastructures to orbit about their home stars. With data from recent satellites that operate at infrared and optical wavelengths (Spitzer, Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, Kepler), in company with a few modest assumptions, it is now possible to begin to constrain observationally the frequency of such space-based civilizations in our Milky Way Galaxy.

Inlet Flow Distortion in an Advanced Civil Transport Boundary Layer Ingesting Engine Installation

AbstractThis article presents first-of-a-kind measurements, and complementary computations, of the flow through the propulsion system of a boundary layer ingesting, twin-engine advanced civil transport aircraft configuration. The experiments were carried out in the NASA Langley 14- by 22-foot Subsonic Tunnel, using a 1:11 scale model of the D8 “double-bubble” aircraft with electric ducted fans providing propulsive power. Overall force and moment measurements and flow field surveys at the inlet and nozzle exit planes were obtained. The computations were carried out with the NASA OVERFLOW code. The measurements and computations were conducted for a range of aircraft angles of attack and propulsor powers representing operating points during the aircraft mission. Velocity and pressure distributions at the propulsor inlet and exit, and integral inlet distortion metrics, are presented to quantify the flow nonuniformity due to boundary layer ingestion. The distorted inflow exhibits qualitative and quantitative changes over the mission, from a unidirectional stratified stagnation pressure at cruise to a streamwise vortex structure at climb conditions. The computations capture these flow features and reveal the interactions between airframe and propulsor that create these three-dimensional flow variations.

Primitivism and Poetic Urban Inhabitation: The Redemption of Humanity in Lawrence’s Works

The conflict between the advanced industrial civilization and the true nature of human has become highly salient in the early 20th century, the exploration of which constitutes a central theme in D. H. Lawrence’s works. Centering on the four novels of Lawrence, this paper studies Lawrence’s exploration of the redemption of humanity in a highly industrialized society. Lawrence resorts to an approach of primitivism, including primitive sex, the restoration of primitive virtues and qualities, and reconstruction of the close intimacy between humans and animals firstly. Secondly, Lawrence looks into the emotional bonding between individuals and the cities, testing the likelihood of poetic urban inhabitation through urban roaming.

Sedimentation rates and sediment age of the high-altitude cold desert Ramsar Wetland, the Chandratal, inferred from radionuclide (210Pb and 137Cs) technique.

In the current scenario, the pristine Himalayan Wetlands are under endangerment due to higher sedimentation rate, including siltation, reduction of ecological value, pollution, and significant anthropogenic encroachment along with advanced civilization. The more increased sedimentation reduces the depth and existing expansion of the Wetland. This study articulates the record of sedimentation in the Chandratal present in Western Himalaya, Himachal Pradesh, India, at the altitude of 4300m. The sedimentation rate of the Chandratal was calculated based on a 1-m core sample considering isotopes of 137Cs and 210Pb dating techniques. The present study based on the Constant Rate of Supply (CRS) model of 210Pb reveals that the Wetland experienced an average sedimentation rate of 1.75 ± 0.04cm/year during the last 63years observed from 1953 to 2016. The 137Cs peak method-based calculated sedimentation rate of the Chandratal is 1.6 ± 0.02cm/year representing the years for about 62years from 1954 to 2016. The Wetland's functional survival prevalence was estimated to be 420 and 459years based on 210Pb and 137Cs dating techniques, respectively. The study communicates that the magnified human interference in the catchment area of the Chandratal is accountable for the faster sedimentation in recent years.

History and prerequisites for economic integration of Central Asian countries

Historical evidence is that Central Asia has been a prosperous region along the Silk Road since ancient times. The importance of Central Asia comes from two main indicators. First, Central Asia has become the main territory of several advanced states and civilizations that have made significant contributions to scientific, political, cultural and industrial processes in the world. Secondly, due to its location, Central Asia has always played the role of a crossroads of trade, cultural and civilizational exchanges on a global scale. The possibilities of economic integration of the Central Asian countries, which are now again playing a special role, will be considered.The article reveals the history of the creation of integration between Kazakhstan and the countries of Central Asia and determines the possibilities of integration in the future. Such methods of analytical and statistical research as the analysis of foreign and domestic publications on the topic under study, statistical data characterizing the history, economy and the world place of integration of the Central Asian countries were used.

Project Hephaistos – I. Upper limits on partial Dyson spheres in the Milky Way

ABSTRACT Dyson spheres are hypothetical megastructures built by advanced extraterrestrial civilizations to harvest radiation energy from stars. Here, we combine optical data from Gaia DR2 with mid-infrared data from AllWISE to set the strongest upper limits to date on the prevalence of partial Dyson spheres within the Milky Way, based on their expected waste-heat signatures. Conservative upper limits are presented on the fraction of stars at G ≤ 21 that may potentially host non-reflective Dyson spheres that absorb 1–90 per cent of the bolometric luminosity of their host stars and emit thermal waste-heat in the 100–1000 K range. Based on a sample of ≈2.7 × 105 stars within 100 pc, we find that a fraction less than ≈2 × 10−5 could potentially host ∼300 K Dyson spheres at 90 per cent completion. These limits become progressively weaker for less complete Dyson spheres due to increased confusion with naturally occurring sources of strong mid-infrared radiation, and also at larger distances, due to the detection limits of WISE. For the ∼2.9 × 108 stars within 5 kpc in our Milky Way sample, the corresponding upper limit on the fraction of stars that could potentially be ∼300 K Dyson spheres at 90 per cent completion is ≲8 × 10−4.

The Modernity of Naga Village Community: Social Change Study through Visual Media Analysis

Looking at the cultural area landscape, Tatar Sunda certainly inherited different rich culture then other regions. It not only inherited tangible cultural wealth but also intangible. However, in the midst of an increasingly advanced civilization, now the Sundanese cultural heritage has changed its existence. Functionally many spiritual traditional cultural products have been replaced by commercial-modern products. This phenomenon can be studied from the social changes that occured in the Kampung Naga in Tasikmalaya regencies, which on the one hand still maintains its traditional values, on the other hand this traditional village has undergone many changes. This study intends to determine the existence of Sundanese cultural products, as well as products of a national, Indonesian culture in general from the influence of the development of modernism. In addition, by examining the phenomenon of community life in the traditional village of Kampung Naga, it is hoped that the indicators that cause these changes will be known. All objects of this study will be investigated using the qualitative-interpretive methods. This study uses cultural theory, Social Change theory, and semiotic theory as the main reference literature. The data sources used are main (primary) data and secondary data. The main data was obtained directly through interviews with the people of Kampung Naga. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from written sources such as: books from previous research, scientific journals, personal documents, photos, statistics, audio and video recordings. Therefore, starting from these initial observations, at least the root cause of social change in Kampung Naga can be described, and its cannot be separated from both internal and external factors behind it, for example: 1) The influence of global modernization, 2) The influence of modernization brought by the people of Kampung Naga who live outside the Traditional Village, 3) The adaptive attitude of the Kampung Naga people living in the Traditional Village. 4) Economic demands and community welfare. These factors are the main source of modernism in Kampung Naga. Keyword: Cultural change, Kampung Naga, Modernism, Traditional Village, Sunda.

Collapse of the Ancient Maya Civilisation: Aligning History with Geological Analysis

Between 800 and 1000 CE, one of the world’s most advanced ancient civilisations underwent a devastating decline. The collapse of ancient Maya society has widely been attributed to a century-long drought; but so far, there have been few efforts to quantify this event, or to equate scientific findings with historical sources. Through new geological and paleoclimatological analyses, Dr Martín Medina-Elizalde at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst has revealed that the climate changes experienced during the drought followed more complex patterns than previously thought. His team’s discoveries could have important implications for predicting our own society’s future.

Lotka-Volterra models for extraterrestrial self-replicating probes.

A sufficiently advanced extraterrestrial civilization can send out a swarm of self-replicating probes for space exploration. Given the fast-growing number of such a probe, even if there is only one extraterrestrial civilization sending out such probes in the Milky Way galaxy, we should still expect to see them. The fact that we do not consist part of the Fermi paradox. The suggestion that self-replicating probes will eventually mutate to consume their progenitors and therefore significantly reduce the number of total probes has been investigated and dismissed in the literature. In this work, we revisit this question with a more realistic Lotka–Volterra model and show that mutated probes would drive the progenitor probes into “extinction,” thereby replacing them to spread throughout the galaxy. Thus, the efficiency of mutated probes in reducing the total number of self-replicating probes is even less than previously thought. As part of the analysis, we also suggest that, somewhat counter-intuitively, in designing self-replicating probes, one should not program them to stop replicating when sufficient mutation causes the probes to fail to recognize the progenitor probes as “self.”

Guest Editorial for Artificial Intelligence for Machine Fault Diagnosis Special Section

With the rapid technological development and production requirement, machines and equipment in modern industry, such as advanced manufacturing, transportation, aerospace, and civil infrastructure, become increasingly functional and complex. Machine fault diagnosis plays a significant role for the productivity, reliability, and safety of industrial systems. In the recent decade, data-driven solutions have become more effective and promising for fault diagnosis of complex machines due to increasing data availability and processing capacity. Artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, especially deep learning approaches, are the most powerful tools in achieving accurate fault diagnosis of complex systems. However, AI-based fault diagnosis still faces great challenges in feasibility and reliability for real applications, including the lack of fault condition data, varying working conditions, insufficient generalization capability of AI models, the black-box nature of most AI methods, etc. This special section focuses on advanced and innovative solutions to address a broad view of problems about AI-based machine fault diagnosis. Six out of 18 submissions included in this special section summarize some of the research and applications in this field.

SEJARAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN YAYASAN UMAT ISLAM KALIYOSO (YAUMIKA) SERTA KONTRIBUSINYA BAGI MASYARAKAT KECAMATAN KALIJAMBE KABUPATEN SRAGEN TAHUN 1969-2015

This study is a historical study of the development of local Islam in Kaliyoso Village, Kalijambe District, Sragen Regency, Central Java. Kaliyoso was the forerunner of the spread of Islam in the northern region of Surakarta City. The teachings of Islam in Kaliyoso were first spread by a cleric descended from a local Muslim family named Kiai Abdul Jalal I (Bagus Turmudi). After paying attention to the steps of the struggle of Kiai Abdul Jalal I in developing the Islamic religion, the struggle for preaching from Kiai Abdul Jalal I was continued by the sons of Wayah Kaliyoso with an effort to establish a foundation called the Yayasan Umat Islam Kaliyoso (YAUMIKA) in 1969. This research using a historical methodology that has four main stages of historical methods, namely (1) heuristics, (2) verification, (3) interpretation, (4) historiography. The results of this study indicate that the Yayasan Umat Islam Kaliyoso (YAUMIKA) has a role and contribution in efforts to foster the Kaliyoso community towards a more advanced civilization, as well as organize Islamic community activities. This was done with the aim of spreading the religion of Islam and the welfare of the people of Kaliyoso and its surroundings.

The Dimension of the Higher Order Thinking Cognitive Process in Indonesian Language Teaching Textbook for Senior High School Students

An increasing advanced civilization requires educational institutions to be more adaptive. This challenge is realized by revising the 2013 curriculum, which integrates higher-order thinking skills. This study aims to describe the cognitive dimensions of higher-order thinking in textbooks on the aspects of analyzing (C4), evaluating (C5), and creating (C6). This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data source used in this study is the Indonesian language textbook for Class XI SMA published by Erlangga. Data collection techniques in this study are content analysis, reading and note-taking techniques. The data validity technique in this study used theoretical triangulation and expert judgement. The data analysis technique used an interactive data analysis model. The results of this study showed that in the Indonesian language textbook XI grade published by Erlangga, there were 170 questions that lead to the cognitive dimension of high-level thinking dominated by analyzing skills of 63 with a percentage of 37.06%, 55 questions evaluating with a percentage of 32.36%, and 52 questions of creating skill with a percentage of 30.59%. In general, the form of questions in the book is dominated by description questions and a few multiple choices. Even though it is presented with multiple choice questions, it does not eliminate the cognitive element of high-level thinking skills. Type of multiple choice questions can be used to assess low to high levels of cognition.

Scanning the cosmos for signs of technology

Ever since planets beyond our solar system were first discovered, astronomers have been hunting life beyond our world. While biological signatures are crucial, the idea of scouring the skies for signs of technosignatures from advanced civilizations is gaining momentum, as David Appell discovers.

THE MORAL CONCEPT OF TASAWUF IN THE PROCESS OF ISLAMIC EDUCATION

Sufism teachings are increasingly needed in the current era of globalization as an effort to minimize the ugliness as well as the gap in human attitudes towards oneself, fellow humans, and also Allah SWT. The practice of Sufism which is exemplified by the Sufis in general provides a side of religious values that results in a noble moral behavior. Noble morals give hope for the formation of an advanced civilization and do not ignore the divine values that always exist in human life. The purpose of this research is the formation of a scientific concept regarding the character of Sufism that is sustainable in the process of Islamic education. The method in this research uses the method of literature study, analysis of reading content, and descriptive analysis of various related sources. The results of the study found a concept that the character of Sufism produced ihsan attitudes that needed to be internalized in the process of Islamic education as an effort to foster noble moral behavior, both towards Allah, himself, fellow humans, and other living creatures in the universe.

Breastfeeding Insufficiencies: Common and Preventable Harm to Neonates.

Insufficient milk intake in breastfed neonates is common, frequently missed, and causes preventable hospitalizations for jaundice/hyperbilirubinemia, hypernatremia/dehydration, and hypoglycemia - accounting for most U.S. neonatal readmissions. These and other consequences of neonatal starvation and deprivation may substantially contribute to fully preventable morbidity and mortality in previously healthy neonates worldwide. Previous advanced civilizations recognized this problem of breastfeeding insufficiencies and had an infrastructure to solve it: Wetnursing, shared nursing, and prelacteal feeding traditions used to be well-organized and widespread.Modern societies accidentally destroyed that infrastructure. Then, modern reformers missing a few generations of direct knowledge transmission about safe breastfeeding invented a new, historically anomalous conception of breastfeeding defined in terms of exclusivity. As that new intervention has become increasingly widespread, so too have researchers widely reported associated possible harms of the longer neonatal starvation/deprivation and later infant under-nutrition periods that it creates when breastfeeding is insufficient. Early insufficient nutrition/hydration has possible long-term effects including neurodevelopmental consequences such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism, cerebral palsy, cognitive and developmental delay, epilepsy, hearing impairment, kernicterus, language disorder, mood disorders, lower IQ, and specific learning disorder.Current early infant feeding guidelines conflict with the available evidence. Recent reform efforts have tended to focus on using more technology and measurement to harm fewer neonates instead of proposing the indicated paradigm shift in early infant feeding to prevent more harm. The scientific evidence is already sufficient to mandate application of the precautionary principle to feed neonates early, adequate, and often milk before mothers’ milk comes in and whenever signs of hunger persist, mitigating possible risks including death or disability. In most contexts, the formula is the best supplementary milk for infants at risk from breastfeeding insufficiencies. National-level reviews of scientific evidence, health policy, and research methods and ethics are needed to initiate the early infant feeding paradigm shift that the data already support. Policy experiments and related legislative initiatives might also contribute to the shift, as insurers might decline or be required by law to decline reimbursing hospitals for costs of this type of preventable hospitalization, which otherwise generates profit.

IMPLEMENTASIPERMAINAN EDUKATIF BARANG BEKAS DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN MOTORIK KASAR ANAK USIA DINI DI PAUDAR-ROHIM DESA SUMBERBENING KECAMATAN BRINGIN KABUPATEN NGAWI

ABSTRACT Utilization and management of used goods is a mindset of advanced and modern society, because an advanced civilization is a civilization that has an awareness of simplicity, thrift, effectiveness, convenience for sustainable survival. The approach taken in this research is qualitative. A qualitative approach is a research procedure that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people whose behavior can be observed.
 Efforts to develop gross motor skills in early childhood using used media in a lesson can improve gross motor skills in children. The development experienced by children is indicated by several things that can be seen, including increasingly flexible movements, being able to make works from used goods that will be used for playing and moving quickly when collecting used goods to be used in games. Teaching and learning activities for children at PAUD Ar-Rohim Sumberbening, Bringin Ngawi which were carried out with a traditional game of engkleng and jumping rope and playing by avoiding used bottles in a zigzag and continuous manner in an effort to improve and develop children's gross motor skills were successful. These indications can be seen clearly from the movements of children who are increasingly flexible and enthusiastic in doing so and their movements are appropriate and correct according to the instructions given.
 Key Words: Educational Games, Secondhand,

The effects of EU conditionality on patterns of policy engagement of civil society organizations in candidate countries

ABSTRACT EU political conditionality for candidate countries brings an unprecedented focus on transforming standards and practices of civil society engagement in policymaking and introduces a number of mechanisms for supporting reforms in this area. However, there is still not enough evidence on the effects of various conditionality mechanisms for various patterns of civil society policy engagement in countries on the path to EU accession. Drawing on theoretical approaches from Europeanization and interest group research, the paper seeks to analyse how various EU mechanisms influence the involvement, access and prominence of civil society organizations in national policymaking processes in the pre-accession phase. Based on the analysis of the cases of Serbia and Montenegro as the only two Western Balkans candidate countries which have started EU accession negotiations, it is argued that a clearer and more consistent application of EU conditionality can lead to more advanced civil society policy engagement, but its effectiveness depends on the genuine commitment of government bodies to proactive transparency and fundamental freedoms. It is also argued that purely formal government compliance with EU requirements can remain only a window dressing exercise and a source of legitimizing authorities’ decision-making processes without empowering effects on domestic civil society actors.

Tractor Beams, Pressor Beams and Stressor Beams in General Relativity

The metrics of general relativity generally fall into two categories: those which are solutions of the Einstein equations for a given source energy-momentum tensor and the “reverse engineered” metrics—metrics bespoke for a certain purpose. Their energy-momentum tensors are then calculated by inserting these into the Einstein equations. This latter approach has found frequent use when confronted with creative input from fiction, wormholes and warp drives being the most famous examples. In this paper, we again take inspiration from fiction and see what general relativity can tell us about the possibility of a gravitationally induced tractor beam. We base our construction on warp drives and show how versatile this ansatz alone proves to be. Not only can we easily find tractor beams (attracting objects), but repulsor/pressor beams are just as attainable, and a generalization to “stressor” beams is seen to present itself quite naturally. We show that all of these metrics would violate various energy conditions. This provides an opportunity to ruminate on the meaning of energy conditions as such and what we can learn about whether an arbitrarily advanced civilization might have access to such beams.

MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN DAN PEMBERDAYAAN TANAH WAKAF DI KECAMATAN KEMUNING KOTA PALEMBANG

Waqf is an Islamic religious teaching that aims to build prosperity and develop an advanced civilization. The type of research used by researchers in this study is qualitative research, namely field research conducted by interview, observation, and describing facts in the field. The results of this study indicate that waqf land in Kemuning District, Palembang City is used for the establishment of a tahfidz foundation and mosque construction, as well as for school operations. According to a review of Islamic law in the management of waqf land in Kemuning District, Palembang City, it does not conflict with Islamic law. This can be seen from the business carried out that there is nothing that is contrary to Islamic law and in its implementation there are no elements that are forbidden. In the future, it is necessary to provide education about waqf, especially productive waqf, to nadzir in Kemuning Subdistrict, Palembang City so that its management is more optimal in developing waqf assets productively. Ministry of Religion agencies must actively provide counseling and coordinate with the Land Office, Nadzir, and PPAIW so that their roles and functions can run optimally so that they can increase productive waqf land in Kemuning District, Palembang City.

RANCANG BANGUN ROBOT BERODA PENGENAL WARNA PADA BOLA BERBASIS ARDUINO

The rapid development of technology, especially in the field of robotics, can be felt by all circles, technology is the result of an increasingly advanced human civilization, which greatly helps and makes it easier for humans to meet their daily needs. One of the wheeled robot technologies that have been successfully created today is a wheeled robot that is able to detect the color of a ball, but the object detection is still not perfect and there are still many shortcomings. This affects the path of the wheeled robot in the field, so it is necessary to improve the detection in order to better detect the color of the ball. In the design of a wheeled robot that recognizes the color of the arduino-based ball that is designed, the robot can look for the color on the ball according to the command on Android. The method used in this research is to use the method of observation and testing which is carried out by directly observing the situation in the room and conducting trials on the robot so that it can be seen the performance of the wheeled robot color recognition on the ball. The robot can search to recognize the color of the ball according to the command on Android, with a distance of 1 to 5 cm based on the trial scheme. In addition, the robot is also able to find the color of the ball according to the command on Android by following the position of the path that has been provided. The design of the wheeled robot to recognize the color of the ball using the TCS 3200 sensor based on Arduino with color input only detects 4 colors, namely red, green, blue, and black.