Attitudes Of Adults Research Articles

Development of the Bisphenol A exposure scale in adults

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to develop a scale for assessing the attitudes of adults regarding the determination of Bisphenol A exposure.MethodsThe study sample comprised of 370 individuals who volunteered to participate. According to the Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) results of the investigation, a scale structure consisting of a total of 3 sub-dimensions was obtained. In the Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the scale item factor loading values were acceptable.ResultsThe fit indices for the scale were CMIN/df = 1,618, RMSEA = 0.058, NFI = 0.914, CFI = 0.965, and IFI = 0.790, indicating a satisfactory level of agreement. The scale was determined to have a Cronbach value of 0.79 and a high degree of reliability. The item-total score correlation coefficients of the scale ranged from 0.327 to 0.534 and exhibited a high degree of discrimination, as determined.ConclusionBased on the analyses conducted, it was determined that the Adult Bisphenol A Exposure Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for determining the attitudes of adults toward contact with and use of Bisphenol A-containing products.

ATTITUDES AND AWARENESS OF THE POPULATION OF CENTRAL AND WESTERN REGIONS OF UKRAINE TOWARDS VACCINATION

In the modern world, vaccination is the most eff ective and evidence- based method of preventing the onset and severity of infectious diseases. Today, the WHO has identifi ed vaccine hesitancy as a global public health threat [25]. The social and cultural background of people infl uences their perception of vaccines, which prompted us to investigate this problem. Aim. To study the infl uence of sociodemographic factors on vaccination attitudes of children and adults in the central and western regions of Ukraine.Materials and methods. A cross- sectional study was conducted, which included a survey of the population of diff erent social status. The study was conducted in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the bioethics committee. We also analyzed literature data from PubMed, Medscape and CSC. The work was performed within the framework of the research project 0122U000039 «Improvement of methods of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of the most common diseases of childhood». No confl icts of interest exist.Research results and discussion. 1000 respondents were interviewed by questionnaire from Kyiv, Cherkasy, Kirovograd, Khmelnytsky, Zhytomyr, Chernivtsi, Ternopil, Rivne, Volyn, Ivano- Frankivsk, Lviv regions. The data obtained indicate that barriers to vaccination are caused by low awareness of vaccination, excessive negative infl uence of opinion leaders, prevalence of myths and falsifi cations about vaccination, lack of health care resources and low supply of recommended vaccines, and forced migration. Low awareness and low vaccination coverage are also associated with low awareness among health workers who do not work directly with vaccines, falsifi cation of vaccination data, and the presence of anti-vaccine health workers. The negative attitude of parents towards vaccination is also very important, as it aff ects their children.Conclusions.1. Fear of side eff ects, long-term complications, and doubts about the quality of vaccines have been identifi ed as factors in vaccine refusal.2. The most common groups of vaccine refusers are the elderly (53.3 %) and men (16.8 %).3. The high cost of vaccines that are not included in the list of mandatory vaccines is one of the reasons for the decrease in vaccination rates.4. Improved communication between the doctor and the patient is one of the factors increasing the vaccination rate among the population.5. Information about the availability of vaccines and places of vaccination, peculiarities of the post-vaccination period and information about the possible consequences of ignoring vaccination should be provided in the media (television, radio), especially among the elderly.

A Bibliometric Analysis Exploring the Acceptance of Virtual Reality among Older Adults: A Review

In recent years, there has been a widespread integration of virtual reality (VR) technology across various sectors including healthcare, education, and entertainment, marking a significant rise in its societal importance. However, with the ongoing trend of population ageing, understanding the elderly’s acceptance of such new technologies has become a focal point in both academic and industrial discourse. Despite the attention it garners, there exists a gap in understanding the attitudes of older adults towards VR adoption, along with evident needs and barriers within this demographic. Hence, gaining an in-depth comprehension of the factors influencing the acceptance of VR technology among older adults becomes imperative to enhance its utility and efficacy within this group. This study employs renowned databases such as WoS and Scopus to scrutinize and analyze the utilization of VR among the elderly population. Utilizing VOSviewer software (version 1.6.20), statistical analysis is conducted on the pertinent literature to delve into research lacunae, obstacles, and recommendations in this domain. The findings unveil a notable surge in literature studies concerning VR usage among older adults, particularly evident since 2019. This study documents significant journals, authors, citations, countries, and research domains contributing to this area. Furthermore, it highlights pertinent issues and challenges surrounding the adoption of VR by older users, aiming to identify prevailing constraints, research voids, and future technological trajectories. Simultaneously, this study furnishes guidelines and suggestions tailored towards enhancing VR acceptance among the elderly, thereby fostering a more inclusive technological milieu. Ultimately, this research aspires to establish an encompassing technological ecosystem empowering older adults to harness VR technology for enriched engagement, learning, and social interactions.

Food Avoidance beyond the Gluten-Free Diet and the Association with Quality of Life and Eating Attitudes and Behaviors in Adults with Celiac Disease

Background: The only treatment for Celiac Disease (CeD), which affects about 1% of the population, is a gluten-free diet (GFD). Studies have indicated an association between the GFD, a diminished quality of life (QOL), and maladaptive eating patterns. This study aims to explore food avoidance behaviors in adults with CeD. Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 50 adults with biopsy-confirmed CeD who completed validated surveys evaluating demographics, psychological factors, QOL, eating pathology, and food avoidance. Results: Overall CDQOL scores were good (mean: 62.7 out of 100). However, 58.0% of the participants self-elected to avoid one or more additional foods without diagnosed allergies or intolerances. Those avoiding one or more other foods had lower QOL scores (57.4 (23.2) vs. 70.2 (15.9)) compared to those only avoiding gluten (p = 0.034). The mean depression score (CESD) for the group avoiding foods beyond gluten was in the depressive range, unlike those avoiding only gluten (16.0 (4.9) vs. 13.6 (4.0), p = 0.078), with 77% of those avoiding more than gluten scoring above the CESD cut-off point of 15, indicating clinical depression. Conclusions: Over half of participants (58%) reported avoiding additional foods beyond the GFD, a behavior associated with decreased QOL and increased depression.

Informing the cannabis policy debate: a cross-sectional study of current and former cannabis users in Ireland

ABSTRACT Background Cannabis is the most widely used illicit drug with considerable international discourse regarding its legal status. This study sought to examine the wellbeing, experiences, and attitudes of adults who have used cannabis to inform policy debates. Methods A national, cross-sectional survey was completed. Data related to demographics and attitudes was collected along with validated questionnaires to measure level of dependence and wellbeing. Results Respondents (n = 732) were primarily males (61%) with a median age of 21. Three-quarters (75%) consumed cannabis more than 100 days with few regretting their cannabis use. Additionally, 60% reported previous use of both cocaine and MDMA and three-quarters currently use tobacco. While strongly in favor of more liberal cannabis policies they were ambivalent about decriminalizing all drugs. Depending on the cutoff used, 14.6% to 32.2% of respondents potentially meet the criteria for cannabis dependence. Wellbeing was overall good; however, women were at significantly higher odds of poor wellbeing (OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.78, 3.76). Conclusion Findings suggest unanimity among cannabis users toward more liberal legal policies but have discord regarding other drugs. Harm reduction, particularly in relation to tobacco, other substances, and women is indicated.

Determining Adults' Attitudes towards Cancer Screening, Information Load, and Mythical Causes of Cancer.

To determine the attitudes of adults presenting to primary care services toward cancer screening, information overload, and mythical causes of cancer. Descriptive and correlational type study. The research was conducted face-to-face with 702 adults. The data were collected using a personal information form, the Attitude Scale for Cancer Screening, Cancer Information Overload Scale, and Cancer Awareness Measure Mythical Causes Scale, and evaluated using multivariate analysis of variance. It was determined that adults with chronic diseases, who did not have sufficient information about cancer, who did not have cancer screening, and who thought that cancer was a disease that could not be prevented, had low scores on attitudes towards cancer screening. It was found that adults who were male, literate, had no cancer screening and thought that cancer was an unpreventable disease had a high cancer knowledge burden. Adults who thought that cancer was an unpreventable disease and did not know the causes of cancer had a high rate of mythical causes of cancer. It was determined that adults' attitudes toward cancer screening were negative, information overload was moderate, and awareness was at a low level. Health promotion and promotion strategies should be developed to increase cancer screening and awareness for these groups, public awareness campaigns should be organized, and evidence-based structured interventions should be implemented. These recommended practices can positively influence adults' attitudes towards cancer screening, enable them to manage cancer information effectively, and help them understand the proven causes of cancer.

Older Adults' Use of Cannabis and Attitudes Around Disclosing Medical Cannabis Use to Their Healthcare Providers in California: A Mixed Methods Study.

The rapidly changing policy climate related to cannabis legalization has led to drastic changes in cannabis use in the United States (US). Medical cannabis use is increasing overall, but at a faster rate among older adults compared to other age groups. The aim was to investigate older adults' cannabis use behaviors and attitudes around disclosing medical cannabis use to their primary healthcare providers (HCPs). Nineteen older adults (ages 65+ years) with self-reported medical cannabis use were recruited from flyers posted in ambulatory clinics in San Diego, CA. Surveys and semi-structured interviews on cannabis use were completed. A multi-methods approach was used to analyze data. Participants' mean age was 75.3 years; 52.6% identified as women, and 89.5% as White. Cannabis was used by all participants to treat pain and by 75% for insomnia, with 25-33% reductions in use of prescription medications to treat these symptoms. Approximately 89% reported their primary HCPs were aware of their cannabis use, and 84.2% felt very comfortable/comfortable talking to HCPs about cannabis. Common themes from interviews included participants (1) being motivated to disclose cannabis use to their HCPs to seek medical advice on dosing, side effects, and benefits of cannabis, (2) feeling comfortable disclosing cannabis use as legalization has eased the stigma around cannabis use, and (3) perceiving mostly neutral attitudes from HCPs on their cannabis use. The study emphasizes the pivotal role of HCPs as educators in addressing patient inquiries about cannabis, underlining the need for equipping healthcare professionals with evidence-based knowledge through education and training initiatives.

Linear and non-linear associations of depressive symptoms with oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices among rural older adults in China: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundDepression affects the oral health of older adults; however, little is known about its impact on oral health among rural older adults in developing countries, which warrants further research. Taking China as an example, there is a large population base of rural older adults suffering from depression, and many rural older people also have long-term oral health problems, which have seriously affected their quality of life in later life. Therefore, this study aimed to explore linear and non-linear associations of depressive symptoms with oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices among rural older adults in China.MethodsFrom November 2020 to December 2020, 1,902 rural community-dwelling older people aged 60 years and older were investigated, via a cross-sectional survey. The general information, depressive status, oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the participants were obtained through face-to-face structured questionnaires. Among them, the Zung Depression Self-Rating Scale was used to investigate the depressive symptoms of the participants in this survey. The generalized linear model and classification and regression tree model were used, separately.ResultsBased on linear analysis results, we found that minimal to mild depressive symptoms [regression coefficient (β) = -0.345; 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.582 to -0.109, P = 0.004] and depressive symptoms (β = -1.064; 95% CI: -1.982 to -0.146, P = 0.023) were significantly correlated with oral health knowledge. A negative correlation was observed between minimal to mild depressive symptoms (β = -0.385; 95% CI: -0.600 to -0.170, P < 0.001) and oral health attitudes. In addition, while both minimal to mild depressive symptoms (β = 0.018; 95% CI: -0.312 to 0.347, P = 0.916) and depressive symptoms (β = 0.604; 95% CI: -0.675 to 1.883, P = 0.355) were associated with oral health practices. Furthermore, the non-linear analysis showed a combined effect of depressive symptoms on oral health attitudes, indicating that older people of a younger age, not living alone, and not suffering from depressive symptoms are more likely to report better oral health attitudes.ConclusionBoth the linear and non-linear analyses in our study showed that depressive symptoms are significantly correlated with the poor oral health attitudes of older adults in rural communities. Furthermore, depressive symptoms were associated with oral health knowledge in the linear analysis. However, no statistically significant difference was found between depressive symptoms and oral health practices in either analysis. This research deepens our knowledge and understanding of relevant evidence in the mental and oral health of people in later life. In addition, analyzing the factors that affect the oral health of older people from the perspective of their depressive status provides new thinking directions and scientific references for improving the oral health of older adults in practical life.

P28: Exploring Attitudes towards Sexuality and Their Impact on Sexual Satisfaction among Older Adults in a Psychogeriatric Clinic in Mexico City

Summary: Sexuality, often one of the least understood aspects of human behavior, encounters numerous prejudices, particularly in Latin American countries characterized by a repressive and machismo-infused education influenced by religious values, such as Catholicism. This cultural backdrop places women at a distinct disadvantage. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), sexuality encompasses various dimensions including sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy, and reproduction. Attitudes toward sexuality are shaped by past experiences, including affective, cognitive, and behavioral aspects. Societal norms for sexual activity, in the context of older adults have changed significantly. Research emphasizes the crucial role of sexual satisfaction in older adults’ overall health. The interaction of sexuality, communication, and relationship conflicts directly affects partnership satisfaction and well-being. Lack of sexual satisfaction is linked to emotional distress and physical issues, highlighting the need for medical attention and overcoming reluctance to seek help. These findings emphasize the complexity of older adults’ sexuality and the importance of a comprehensive approach considering social, cultural, and gender factors.Objectives: To understand the attitudes of older adults receiving care at a Psychogeriatric clinic and to contrast them with the degree of sexual satisfaction they experience.Methods: An observational, prospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, and non-comparative study was carried out to explore the attitudes of older adults with psychiatric comorbidities receiving care at a specialized clinic in Mexico City. Two questionnaires were employed to investigate biases and attitudes regarding the practice of sexuality, as well as satisfaction with their life and sexual expression: the Questionnaire of Attitudes towards Sexuality in Old Age and the Sexual Satisfaction Inventory, respectively.Results: Participants were recruited from the Psychogeriatrics clinic of the National Institute of Psychiatry (n = 52). The average age of participants was 69.4 ± 6.4 years, with an average of 10.4 ± 5.1 years of education. Two questionnaires were utilized to assess attitudes and sexual satisfaction (Questionnaire of Attitudes Towards Sexuality in Old Age and the Sexual Satisfaction Inventory, respectively).A statistically significant difference was found in sexual satisfaction between men and women. Men exhibited higher levels of overall sexual satisfaction (X¯ = 109.2, S.D. = 25.0) compared to women (X¯ = 87.0, S.D. = 35.7), with W = 424, p = 0.01. Women tended to harbor more negative attitudes (X¯ = 15.5, S.D. = 6.8) towards sexuality than men (X¯ = 19.5, S.D. = 6.6), with W = 399 and p = 0.01.The correlation between sexual satisfaction and attitudes towards sexuality in older adults was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. A result of –0.1 was obtained, indicating a weak and negative correlation between the two variables evaluated (p = 0.5).A linear regression analysis was conducted using the sexual satisfaction score (dependent variable), attitudes score (independent), and sex as a dichotomous independent factor (male or female). The contribution of sex to the model was statistically significant (p = 0.01), with an expected Sexual Satisfaction Inventory score 26.5 points lower in women compared to men. The proposed model accounted for approximately 14.0% of the variability.Conclusions: Despite not finding a correlation between attitudes and sexual satisfaction, the gender disparities in satisfaction levels indicate that attitudes may exert differential influence on men and women. These findings underscore the significance of integrating the gender dimension when addressing sexual satisfaction in older adults. Moreover, there appears to be a restricted perspective on individual sexuality, emphasizing the imperative to overcome cultural and religious stigmas that could impact the mental health and sexual well-being of this demographic.

Attachment Styles and Parenting Attitudes in Adults With "Pseudo-Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder".

Background The number of individuals who experience the onset of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms after the age of 12 years has been growing, which does not meet the diagnostic criteria for adult ADHD. We designated this condition as "pseudo-ADHD" and investigated its psychological implications by comparing the parenting attitudes in childhood and attachment styles among individuals with "pseudo-ADHD," those with adult ADHD, and healthy controls. Methods We conducted an online cross-sectional survey of adults aged 18 years. Participants in the analysis included individuals with "pseudo-ADHD" (n = 46), adults with ADHD (n = 23), and healthy controls (n = 758). The Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) was used to evaluate parenting attitudes, and the Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory for the Generalized Other (ECR-GO) was used to evaluate attachment styles. One-way analysis of variance was performed to compare the PBI and ECR-GO scores among the three groups. Results Regarding the PBI scores, a significant main effect of group was found for the paternal care scores (p = 0.002), and the "pseudo-ADHD" group did not differ significantly from the adult ADHD group or healthy control group (p = 0.378, p = 0.228, respectively). A significant main effect of the group was found for the maternal care scores (p < 0.001). The "pseudo-ADHD" group scored significantly lower than the adult ADHD group (p = 0.005), whereas there was no significant difference compared to the healthy control group (p = 1.000). A significant main effect of the group was also found for the paternal overprotection scores (p < 0.001). The "pseudo-ADHD" group scored significantly lower than the adult ADHD group (p = 0.002), whereas there was no significant difference compared to the healthy control group (p = 0.571). A significant main effect of group was found for the maternal overprotection scores (p < 0.001), and the "pseudo-ADHD" group did not differ significantly from either the adult ADHD group or the healthy control group (p = 0.060, p = 0.161, respectively). Regarding ECR-GO scores, a significant main effect of group was found for the fear of abandonment score (p < 0.001), and the "pseudo-ADHD" group scored significantly lower than the adult ADHD group (p < 0.001) and significantly higher than the healthy control group (p = 0.005). Conclusion This study suggested that the parenting attitudes of parents of individuals with "pseudo-ADHD" were not different from those of the healthy controls. For attachment styles, the fear of abandonment was higher in individuals with "pseudo-ADHD" than in healthy controls, but not as high as in patients with adult ADHD. This study highlights, for the first time, the importance of considering attachment styles in the diagnosis and treatment of individuals with ADHD symptoms in adulthood.

Toward Sustainable Lifelong Learning: Feedforward Effects of Challenge Recollections on Adult Learning Identity

ABSTRACTLittle research has examined how prior learning experiences influence adult learning attitudes and lifelong learning engagement. We adopted a person‐centric approach to examine past work‐related learning experiences and assessed the effects of recalled challenges on current learning attitudes, intentions, and behavior in the same domain. Surveying alumni from an online master's degree program, we found that recollected challenges from past learning entail multifaceted challenge foci (e.g., curriculum‐related vs. social obstacles). Learners reporting more challenges in curriculum and social dimensions reported less positive attitudes toward lifelong learning, supporting the notion that negative learning experiences may hinder the development of self‐identity as a lifelong learner. Limited support was obtained for predictions about relationships between past challenges and post‐graduation learning intentions and behavior. The person‐centric approach also permits the analysis of past learning experiences that are not well captured by standard assessments of “successful” adult learning.

Сотрудничество психологов, педагогов и родителей в сопровождении школьников при подготовке к выпускным экзаменам

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;One of the functions of the psychological service at school is psychological support of graduates in preparation for examination. The results of the survey of students showed that one of the reasons for anxiety and even fear is the topic of the period of preparation for examination and the examination process itself. Together with subject teachers, programs were created, the essence of which is to take into account the psychological aspects of time planning and self-regulation, as well as the content of the preparation plans and stages of work with examination tasks for each of the academic disciplines to be passed by graduates. Another no less &amp;ldquo;problematic&amp;rdquo; topic for graduates is the nature of the attitude of significant adults to the way graduates prepare for examination. Within the framework of psychological and pedagogical support of schoolchildren in preparation for the external examination, meetings of psychologist with parents of graduates were held, which were also conducted with the use of interactive methods. Such cooperation of subject teachers, school psychologist and parents has received positive feedback from students of final grades after testing the proposed recommendations on trial tests.&lt;/p&gt;

Knowledge and Attitudes of Adults Visiting Family Health Centers in Ankara About Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices During the Pandemic

Knowledge and Attitudes of Adults Visiting Family Health Centers in Ankara About Traditional and Complementary Medicine Practices During the Pandemic

Beyond digital privacy: Uncovering deeper attitudes toward privacy in cameras among older adults

Fall detection cameras at home can detect emergencies of older adults and send timely life-saving alerts. However, the equilibrium between privacy protection and life safety remains a controversial issue when using cameras. In this study, we assessed the attitudes of older adults towards the privacy issue of cameras using surveys (N=389) and interviews (N=20). Furthermore, we conducted a co-design workshop (N=6) in which older adults and designers collaborated to develop a prototype of cameras. We found that for older adults, the disclosure of privacy not only involves a leakage of personal information, but also influences their dignity and control, which has rarely been expressed directly in the past. Our results expand the conceptualisation of privacy and provide novel design implications for smart product development on privacy for older adults.

Music@Home–Retrospective: A new measure to retrospectively assess childhood home musical environments

Early home musical environments can significantly impact sensory, cognitive, and socioemotional development. While longitudinal studies may be resource-intensive, retrospective reports are a relatively quick and inexpensive way to examine associations between early home musical environments and adult outcomes. We present the Music@Home–Retrospective scale, derived partly from the Music@Home–Preschool scale (Politimou et al., 2018), to retrospectively assess the childhood home musical environment. In two studies (total n = 578), we conducted an exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) and confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) on items, including many adapted from the Music@Home–Preschool scale. This revealed a 20-item solution with five subscales. Items retained for three subscales (Caregiver Beliefs, Caregiver Initiation of Singing, Child Engagement with Music) load identically to three in the Music@Home-–Preschool Scale. We also identified two additional dimensions of the childhood home musical environment. The Attitude Toward Childhood Home Musical Environment subscale captures participants’ current adult attitudes toward their childhood home musical environment, and the Social Listening Contexts subscale indexes the degree to which participants listened to music at home with others (i.e., friends, siblings, and caregivers). Music@Home–Retrospective scores were related to adult self-reports of musicality, performance on a melodic perception task, and self-reports of well-being, demonstrating utility in measuring the early home music environment as captured through this scale. The Music@Home–Retrospective scale is freely available to enable future investigations exploring how the early home musical environment relates to adult cognition, affect, and behavior.

Attitudes of older Turkish adults toward incorporating radar technologies into geriatric bathroom design

Attitudes of older Turkish adults toward incorporating radar technologies into geriatric bathroom design

Exploring the interplay between adult sustainability attitudes, psychological wellness, affinity for nature, and interest in scientific topics

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in the psychological concept of nature attachment and its relationship with pro-environmental views and psychological wellbeing. Understanding the general public's involvement in scientific matters is also crucial for comprehending scientific research. The researchers set out to chart the connections between adults' affinity to environment, their interest in science, their views on sustainability, and their mental health. In particular, the research set out to investigate the interplay between these factors by testing theory-based hypotheses using structural equation modelling (SEM). A stratified population was created using the probability corresponding to size sampling technique. The population was divided into strata based on relevant characteristics, and systematic sampling was employed within each stratum, taking into account its size relative to the overall population. The study included 436 participants, ranging in age from 19 to 75, who were citizens. The findings of the study revealed a direct relationship between adult nature attachment and adult scientific curiosity. Furthermore, adult scientific curiosity was found to have a direct relationship with sustainability attitudes and psychological wellbeing. Additionally, the analysis indicated that participant attitudes towards sustainability were somewhat and indirectly mediated by adult interest in scientific subjects. The study provided valuable insights into the connections between adults' interest in scientific concerns, connection to nature, sustainability attitudes, and psychological wellbeing. The results demonstrated that individuals who exhibited higher levels of nature attachment and scientific curiosity were more likely to hold favourable sustainable perspectives and report better mental health. The present research contributes to the corpus of expertise by outlining a paradigm that emphasises how scientific involvement affects the views of individuals and welfare.

Evaluating the Effect of Participation in Bereavement Support Groups on Perceived Mental Well-Being and Grief Reactions.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of participating in bereavement support groups on mental well-being and levels of grief and to gather information about participants´ experiences of participation. The programme consisted of six sessions over six weeks. Data were collected with the Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) and the Adult Attitude to Grief scale (AAG) as well as demographic and open-ended questions. 64 bereaved spouses returned at least parts of the study´s questionnaires before participating in the programme while 39 returned the complete WEMWBS and 36 the complete AAG both before and after participation. Most participants were women >60 years old. Participation in the programme resulted in a significant increase in perceived mental well-being and significantly lower levels of vulnerability in grief. Responses to open-ended questions revealed both positive and negative experiences. A lowered WEMWBS score and a relatively high AAG underscore the importance of providing services to the recently bereaved. Routine screening for complicated grief before participating in the bereavement support group sessions is recommended.

Surveying adult support for child and youth voice on environmental governmental decision-making in Australia and New Zealand

The global movement of student strikes for climate action illustrates that many children and youth want to have a voice on governmental decisions on the environment. Yet in most nations, an electoral voice is not granted to those under the age of 18. From prior research, we see the main barrier for child and youth voice to parliament is adult attitudes towards children and youth. To find out who supports their voice on government decisions for the environment, we added such a question to the Australia and New Zealand iterations of the International Social Survey Program 2020 survey. The results indicated that the majority of surveyed adults support 11–14 year olds (Aus 62 %, NZ 59 %) and 15–18 year olds (Aus 79 %, NZ 80 %) having opportunities to influence government decisions on the environment. Analysis of responses to this question in relation to demographic survey data indicated variations in preferences for different age groups of children and youth, and that age, gender, education, concern for the environment, environment organisation membership and prior election political party preference of respondents were variables of significance for both nations. Recommendations for policy and practice to broaden support for child and youth voice to contribute to government decisions on the environment are suggested with application of Iris Marion Young’s propositions for more inclusive democracy.

Physical activity and sedentary behavior perceptions in overweight and obese adults: A systematic review of qualitative study.

One of the largest hazards to human health is obesity, which is intimately related to sedentarism and physical inactivity. Understanding the perspectives and attitudes of adults with overweight or obesity towards their lifestyle choices related to sedentary behavior and physical activity is essential for mitigating associated health risks. This systematic review aims to collate the extent of qualitative research on the perception of sedentary behavior and physical activity among adults with overweight and obesity. A comprehensive search of Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science, databases was conducted, which yielded 2,881 articles. A total of 2591 abstracts were screened, and 45 full-text articles were examined. A total of nine qualitative studies involving adults with overweight or obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m 2) were included in this systematic review. Data extraction utilized Rayyan.qcri.org software, and studies were critically appraised using Joanna Briggs's Institute checklist for qualitative research. The included studies revealed a diverse array of themes, wherein a few perceived factors reported towards sedentary behavior were lack of awareness about the hazards, mode of relaxation, family commitment, technology use, motivation deficits, and fatigue. Barriers to physical activity encompassed social, cultural, and environmental factors. In contrast, peer support, fitness facility access, accountability, mental health awareness, well-being, and weight management facilitate physical activity involvement. Perceptions in overweight and obese adults on sedentary living and exercise are intricate and multifaceted. This review provides valuable insights that can inform clinicians and researchers in promoting regular physical activity for adults with overweight and obesity.