Adoption Of Management Decisions Research Articles

Assessment of Power Equipment Operational Safety in the Sustainable Management of Residual Lifespan

Introduction. Ensuring the safe operation of energy facilities is a critical issue at all life cycle stages. It is associated with the adoption of management decisions when rescheduling and assessing the remaining resources, which are made based on a comprehensive assessment of the technical condition of the equipment, taking into account the economic efficiency and environmental requirements for further operation, which is the basis for technical and economic assessments. Aim and tasks. This study aims to develop a technical and economic assessment of the safe operation of power equipment to ensure sustainable management of the remaining service lifespan. Results. An algorithm for assessing pipeline system elements by the coolant environment is proposed, which allows for the pipeline load and changes in erosion and corrosion caused by coolant movement. It was proposed that the equipment be systematised by safety class and coolant. When conducting a technical and economic assessment, these parameters and the costs of extending the service life and upgrading the existing equipment were considered in the standard calculations of a certain type of equipment. For this purpose, mathematical models for calculating the residual life for each type, obtained and confirmed based on empirical studies, are proposed. Research findings into ensuring the reliability and safety of operation with various heat carriers have shown that it is necessary to consider low-cycle and high-cycle loads and erosion processes. It was found that the erosive wear rate is 0.3-0.4 mm/year for bending sections of the main circulation pipeline, where maximum loads occur relative to low-cycle and vibration loads, and the stress is 212.5 MPa when assessing the residual life of 7 years. Conclusions. The cost-effectiveness of reassigning the service life is reasonable, as it does not require additional investment in upgrading or replacing equipment subject to annual technical diagnostics. The systematisation of pipelines, improved codifiers, lifespan assessment models, and algorithms for evaluating the remaining life under various loadings enhance the regulatory framework for safe nuclear power plant operations and support technical and economic evaluations for extending their lifespan.

Коммуникация студенческой молодежи с органами местного самоуправления в социальных медиа

Digital technologies, including in the field of communication between government bodies and the population, are actively used in the context of achieving the goal of digital transformation. Young people use social networks in their everyday lives as forms, mechanisms, technologies of self-realization, self-expression, selfsearching and simply life. Students are one of the most active groups of young people who not only master professional competencies in the learning process, but also get involved in the socio-political agenda of their city, region, country. How familiar, understandable and natural is it for them to interact with local government bodies in social networks? The scientific problem of the study is the lack of empirically substantiated information on the attitude of students to the potential of digital communication with local public authorities in social networks. The authors use the Mix research strategy. The accounts of municipal administrations of the Sverdlovsk region (N=73), as well as the accounts of heads of municipalities (N=71) in the social network VK were analyzed using parsing tools. The data are supplemented by the results of qualitative in-depth interviews with student youth (N=26). The analysis showed that young people do not consider social networks as a channel for dialogue and two-way communication with local governments due to low awareness of the existence of municipal administration accounts in social networks, lack of understanding of how to build a dialogue through this channel and low trust in this communication channel as effective, lack of examples of constructive solutions to issues through social networks. At the same time, the involvement of young people in communication in social networks is higher in the personal accounts of heads of municipalities, but, at the same time, there are fewer young people subscribed to such accounts. To build a dialogue with municipal authorities through social networks, it is necessary to demonstrate to youth the possibilities of communication with municipal administrations in social networks in the context of not only openness and transparency of power, but also involvement in the development and adoption of management decisions.

Legal integrity of public authorities

This article is devoted to the study of the state of management activity of public authorities in Ukraine, as well as to the disclosure of such a social and legal phenomenon as the term “integrity of public authorities”, providing its legal definition, and revealing its meaning. It was noted that the first steps on the way to fundamentally reforming the old system of public power with the support of our European allies, starting in 2014, were carried out in Ukraine through the initiation of relevant reforms, of which 18 are key reforms. In order to implement the aforementioned, appropriate amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine and relevant laws were drafted. Thus, the movement towards the specified goal, the implementation of the aforementioned reforms by the public authorities of Ukraine depends entirely on its capacity, integrity, primarily in the field of law, in the spheres of lawmaking and law application, i.e. ensuring the supremacy of law over state arbitrariness. The article reveals the concept of “integrity” as a psychological factor, which is based on the tendency to be organized, responsible and hardworking, and also notes its connection with the law, and the legal category “legal integrity”, which is closely related to professional ethics. Related to legal integrity is legal ethics, which plays a certain role and importance of moral principles in the sphere of justice and law enforcement, as well as in other human activities related to law. Attention is focused on the fact that the analysis of the state of implementation of the planned reforms by the public authorities of Ukraine indicates a very slow progress in the fulfillment of the corresponding obligations regarding democratic transformations in the state, since a certain part of them have not been implemented so far. At the same time, new challenges have appeared during the wartime period, the implementation of which largely depends on the “legal integrity of the public authorities”, which, in turn, can affect the speed of military aid to Ukraine from our allies. First of all, this concerns the need to complete the planned reforms. It is emphasized that one of the negative dynamics, which is surprisingly important for Ukraine, is the slowing down of reforms in the security and defense sector. This is one of the most important public administration reforms, the purpose of which is to strengthen the quality of security sector management (SSC) by means of effective and efficient security provision under conditions of democratic supervision and control. In parallel with it, the reform of the defense industry should be carried out. One of the reasons for the mentioned shortcomings is the absence of a state personnel policy, which leads to the occurrence of grave consequences for national security, to the occurrence of acts of corruption, theft of state funds, and state treason. It was established that the confirmation of the above is only a fragmentary involvement of public authorities of civil society in the normative regulation of public life, regarding the regulation of social relations in the relevant spheres of life, as well as the involvement of citizens in the development and adoption of management decisions, which does not correspond to the provisions of Article 25 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Evidence of ignoring the rights and interests of citizens on the part of the public authorities is the legislative, regulatory “deterioration” of the pension legislation in 2018 regarding persons released from military service, which was performed without involving citizens in the discussion; the veteran movement of the security and defense sector was split by the authorities. A significant shortcoming of the functioning of public authorities is that in their activities they often do not perceive the modern European democratic principle of orienting authorities to the fulfillment of social requests of society regarding its further development, but instead act on the contrary – offer and lobby their personal vision of directions for the further development of society, which often does not coincide with society’s aspirations and leads to the emergence of social conflicts. And therefore, only in the case of sharpening attention to emerging social problems, in compliance with the obligations assumed to adhere to European democratic principles, the public authorities have the opportunity to jointly solve existing problems with civil society, thereby consolidating society and increasing the efficiency of public administration.

The use of artificial intelligence in the navy in the development and adoption of management decisions

The use of artificial intelligence in the navy in the development and adoption of management decisions

Improvement of financial management tools of agricultural enterprises

Financial management of agricultural enterprises, like any other direction of managerial activity, is a complex system consisting of many interdependent elements that collectively determine the financial stability of the subject. The authors defined the principles of financial management in the system of management activities: the principle of complexity after the adoption of management decisions, the principle of variability of approaches to the development of management decisions, the principle of dynamism of management decisions, the principle of compliance of management decisions with the strategic goals of the enterprise. It has been established that the main goal, the achievement of which is aimed at managerial decisions within the framework of financial management, is to guarantee the financial stability of agricultural enterprises based on the organization of the competent distribution of financial resources, their use and movement, and that at the current stage of the development of economic relations, an important factor in increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises enterprises are using digital products that allow automating the management system of business entities. It was found that in order to increase the efficiency of the financial management system, agricultural enterprises need to improve financial resources management tools, one of which is the implementation of the Enterprise Resource Planning System (ERP-system), which automates management activities. The use of such software products will allow: at the enterprise level – to improve the general financial condition and timely neutralization of threats capable of weakening the financial stability of entities; at the level of the national economy – to guarantee the financial security of the state. Improving the financial management system of agricultural enterprises based on the implementation of the ERP software product will allow to increase the effectiveness of management decisions in the field of financial resource management and, accordingly, significantly strengthen their financial stability.

THE ESSENCE AND CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT

The decision-making process plays a crucial role in the management of any business and is a critical factor in its success and stable development. This process not only requires managers to be familiar with the latest methods and approaches to decision-making, but also requires a thorough analysis of the available information to provide an objective basis for selecting the most optimal solution. Management decisions made on the basis of a detailed study of factual data, the use of proven methods and the consideration of one's own experience in the field significantly increase the company's chances of success. The effectiveness of such decisions has a direct impact on the coherence and productivity of the company, transforming it into a well-established organisational mechanism capable of achieving set goals and adapting to changing external conditions. However, the key to improving management efficiency does not lie solely in the application of technical knowledge or data. It is also important for managers to understand the deeper meaning of the term "management decision". Such an understanding contributes to making decisions that are not only technically justified, but also morally justified, taking into account the broader context of the company's activities. The article examines the concept of "management decision", which is considered to be the most important element of any manager's activity. The authors reveal the essence of a managerial decision as a process and a result, which involves choosing an alternative course of action aimed at achieving the company's strategic goals. The subject of the study is a managerial decision as a process and result of a choice made by managers within their powers. The research methodology includes analysis of scientific literature, synthesis and generalisation of the results obtained, systematisation and classification of managerial decisions according to various criteria, as well as identification and description of the main criteria for making managerial decisions. The purpose of the publication is to reveal the concept of "managerial decision", to study its essence, classification and criteria for making it. The article defines the concept of "managerial decision" as a process and result of a choice between possible alternatives made by managers within the limits of their official powers and competences. This choice is aimed at achieving specific goals of the enterprise and solving emerging problems. It includes analysis of the existing situation, evaluation of possible options, their optimisation and economic justification, and finally, selection of the most effective way to achieve the goal. On the basis of generalisation of various approaches, a classification of managerial decisions by various criteria is proposed, which allows better understanding of their diversity and peculiarities. The article describes a set of criteria that serve as a basis for evaluation, development and adoption of managerial decisions. The paper emphasises the importance of a comprehensive approach to management decision-making, based on a thorough analysis of the situation, a balanced choice between alternatives and a clear definition of implementation mechanisms. The results of the study may be useful for executives at various levels, managers, and researchers studying the theory and practice of managerial decision-making.

МНЕНИЕ ПАЦИЕНТОВ О ДОСТУПНОСТИ, КАЧЕСТВЕ И РЕЗУЛЬТАТИВНОСТИ МЕДИЦИНСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ

Relevance. He current healthcare strategy of Russia, among other significant priorities, highlights the achievement of high indicators of accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. One of the tools for assessing the level of achievement of these indicators, including in dynamics, is the study of patients' opinions. Many authors note the importance of taking into account the opinion of patients about the care provided for the development and adoption of management decisions. However, there is a lack of scientific data on patients' opinions on the availability, quality and effectiveness of medical care, taking into account the different profile of services and the type of health care facilities. Objective. To study the opinion of patients about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care. Materials and methods. A multicenter sociological study was carried out in medical organizations of the Ivanovo, Yaroslavl and Moscow regions. The research method is a sociological survey. Respondents were offered the questionnaire "Patients' Opinion on the Availability, Quality and Effectiveness of Medical Care", which included 15 closed-ended questions. A sample population formed by random selection. Statistical processing of the material provided for the formation of a database in spreadsheets, the calculation of relative values and the reliability of their difference according to the student’s criterion. An analytical method was used to compare the data and formulate conclusions. Results. The sociological survey showed a "depression" of patients' opinions about health care, which is manifested in the high frequency of negative assessments of accessibility (23, 5 per 100 respondents), quality (19,5 per 100 respondents) and effectiveness of medical care (14,5 per 100 respondents) in general. There are differences in the assessment of patients by the profile of services and types of institutions, which makes it necessary to form a set of measures to correct deviations and conduct regular patient surveys on the principle of monitoring in order to assess their effectiveness. The frequency of patients' positive opinions on the availability of medical care was higher in the pediatric profile of services (60,2 per 100 respondents), preventive services (63,8 per 100 respondents), inpatient services (67,0 per 100 respondents), in the Moscow region (49,7 per 100 respondents). Conclusion. The theoretical significance of the data for assessing patients' opinions about the accessibility, quality and effectiveness of medical care is associated with the possibility of identifying and structuring existing problems in health care. This makes it possible to identify problems and contradictions that are clearly invisible and related to the emotional perception of care by patients, as well as to identify opportunities and directions for improving medical care.

РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ ДОХОДОВ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ В РОССИИ: НОВЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ФАКТОРЫ

The purpose of the article is to determine the main trends in changes in the regional differentiation of the living standard of the Russian population for the period 2005-2022. Methods: the assessment is based on the results of the dynamics analysis of the indicators of the population share with an income below the subsistence minimum (SLM) and the ratio of the average per capita income (API) and SLM using the index method and identifying the nature of regional asymmetry. Results: It is shown that the dynamics of regional differentiation of living standards indicators during 2005–2011 had a smoothing nature, the indicator of the share of the population with incomes below the GPM during 2013–2022 was of an asymmetric nature of change, changes in the values of the ratio of the SD and GPM in 2011–2017 were of a neutral type, and since 2018 – of an asymmetric type. The distribution of the subjects of the Russian Federation by groups of values of complex income indices showed a steady increase in the number of regions with high and average values of the indicator, a decrease in those included in low-income groups, while pronounced intraregional asymmetry was observed in a small number of subjects of the Russian Federation. Among the main factors determining the direction of regional differentiation, the author highlights societal, socio-economic, and socio-managerial factors. Particular attention is paid to the study of the influence of the subjective administrative factor, the adoption of management decisions in changing the methodology for calculating income indicators.

IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF MARKET RESEARCH

The article is aimed at studying the status and trends in the development of foreign economic activity in Ukraine and in the world, and the impact of marketing research on their effi­ciency. The purpose of the study is to analyze the improvement of the efficiency of foreign economic activity of enterprises on the basis of marketing research using economic and statistical methods, to identify problems and prospects for development, and to develop ways for effective foreign eco­nomic activity in conducting marketing research. The article provides data on the volume of the marketing data market worldwide as of 2017-2021, the results of a survey of European companies on the benefits received after investing in sustainable marketing strategies as of July 2022. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set and solved: identifying the characteristic fea­tures of the organization's activities, familiarizing with the principles of accounting and financial reporting, analyzing the marketing and foreign economic activities of organizations. The importance of the development of foreign economic activity and market relations due to increased responsibility and independence of industries and individual entities in the preparation and adoption of management decisions is determined. The relevance of studying the theoretical aspects of improving the efficiency of foreign economic activity of enterprises based on the impact of marketing research on the functioning of these pro­cesses is substantiated. The impact of investing in sustainable marketing strategies on the company's development is characterized. The main obstacles to entering a new market are indicated. The results are summa­rized and ways to improve the functioning of foreign economic activity in Ukraine in the course of marketing research in the company are proposed, through the implementation of certain measures. It is determined that the main areas for further research should be: identifying the most attrac­tive marketing strategies in international markets, how artificial intelligence can become a driving mechanism in the company's marketing, studying pricing strategies and developing financial mar­keting mechanisms in accordance with this data, the impact of e-commerce in international opera­tions and the proper management of these strategies.

The Main Directions of Promotion of the Higher Education Institution Website in the Conditions of Digital Transformation of Society

The relevance of the paper is determined by aspects of digital transformation that are implemented in various spheres of life. Aspects of digitalization include the integration of digital information and communication technologies in activities, the use of artificial intelligence in the decision-making process, as well as the use of various sources of information on open resources.
 In this regard, to maintain the competitiveness of universities in the conditions of the digital transformation of society, the need for integration into the digital space and the possibility of maintaining the image by various online tools comes to the fore.
 The purpose of the present article is to present the main directions of promotion of the official website of the university in the web space in the conditions of digital transformation of society, disclosure of their essence and analysis of the need to attract the target audience.
 The methodology of the research is based on the general scientific and special methods of cognition such as analysis, synthesis, logical method, monitoring, and the method of visualization of the research results.
 The conclusions. The modern market of educational services is in the process of digital transformation. Ukraine strives to adapt the education system to European standards. The official website of the university serves as an important tool for strengthening its position in the market of educational services.
 The main stages of higher education institution site analysis are: preparation of information and analytical support; definition and study of the target audience; development and adoption of management decisions on optimization and promotion of the university website
 Particular emphasis should be placed on defining and correlating the needs of the target audience and using the main directions of promotion of the official website of the higher education institution: SEO optimization, the need for constant updating and updating of information, the need to fill the site with different types of content, the presence of links to authoritative sites, as well as the use of SMO principles (optimization in social media).

УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПІДХОДУ ДО ПРОГНОЗУВАННЯ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ПЕРСОНАЛУ НА ПРОМИСЛОВИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ ТА ВИБОРУ СУЧАСНИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ МОНІТОРИНГУ

It was found that along with the evaluation of the efficiency of the use of employees, monitoring at industrial enterprises should diagnose the expected performance indicators of the personnel. Forecasting the use of personnel will make it possible to determine changes in the future, take them into account for the development and adoption of management decisions, the development of measures to increase the effectiveness of the use of employees. In addition, the study of forecast data is important for determining trends in the use of personnel and taking them into account in the work of the enterprise. It has been proven that in order to improve the quality and efficiency of monitoring, there is a need to define modern monitoring tools. Complex use of monitoring tools will allow to improve its quality, to monitor various areas of personnel use, and to determine the circumstances of a decrease in the effectiveness of their work. The necessity of forecasting the use of personnel at enterprises as a prerequisite for the selection and implementation of monitoring tools in the long term is justified. The scientific and methodological approach of forecasting the results of the use of personnel and the selection of monitoring tools at industrial enterprises has been improved, in which a set of interrelated areas of its use is highlighted. The implementation of a scientific and methodological approach will ensure the implementation of a forecast of the effectiveness of the use of personnel, and taking into account the obtained results will allow the selection of monitoring tools, the implementation of which is aimed at the implementation of quality monitoring, improving the performance of employees. Taking into account the results using a scientific and methodological approach will allow to develop measures to increase the effectiveness of the use of personnel, which will contribute to the restoration of the indicators of the functioning of enterprises, the formation of competitive advantages in the conditions of the variability of the market environment

Управленческие основы ресурсосбережения на современных промышленных предприятиях добывающей промышленности

The article considers the managerial foundations of resource saving at enterprises in the extractive industries. The relevance of this topic is due to the fact that in the current economic conditions, Russian enterprises can successfully compete in foreign markets with foreign companies only if the level of resource consumption per unit of output is reduced. Also, this problem is also relevant in connection with the pressure of sanctions, the lack of resources entering the Russian economy and the Russian extractive industries. In this regard, this article reveals the problems of resource saving from the point of view of managing this process, defines the organizational and economic essence of the resource saving process at modern industrial enterprises in the extractive industry; factors affecting the state of resource saving processing enterprises; stages of formation of the resource saving management mechanism at mining enterprises; the system of organizational management is described, aimed at making managerial decisions related to resource conservation projects; a method of ranking resource-saving investment projects is proposed, aimed at solving the problems of making managerial decisions in this area of enterprise management. To solve the tasks set in the research process, the following methods were used: analytical, comparative, descriptive, graphical, tabular and the method of comparing the results of the analysis of investment projects. The theoretical basis of the study is the work of leading foreign and domestic scientists devoted to the development and implementation of a resource-saving strategy in industrial enterprises. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the systematization of the theoretical and applied foundations for the implementation of the resource conservation policy and the adoption of managerial decisions regarding resource conservation at modern mining enterprises.

Моніторинг проблем конституційно-правового характеру в контексті адаптації місцевого самоврядування до європейських стандартів

Ensuring the stability of local self-government bodies during the adoption of management decisions in war conditions and the identification of priorities by local self-government bodies for responding to emergency situations in the post-war period as components of the local self-government system in the context of the post-war recovery of Ukraine requires an analysis of the functioning of the local self-government system in the conditions of post-war recovery of the country, which is one of the ways to improve the functioning of the local self-government system in the conditions of the post-war reconstruction of the country. The article forms an algorithm for monitoring problems of a constitutional and legal nature in the context of adapting local selfgovernment to European standards, the essence of which is that the principles of combining forms of direct and representative democracy in the implementation of local self-government, the legal principles of relations between the state and local selfgovernment, organizational and functional principles of local self-government, problems and peculiarities of the implementation of the legal principles of local self-government, which will be a solution to the problems of a constitutional and legal nature in the context of adaptation of local self-government to European standards and will involve the refusal of the state from legal regulation at the legislative level of all relations regarding the organization and implementation of local self-government.

Особенности управления затратами в компаниях, работающих в сфере информационных технологий

The article defines the peculiarities of calculating the cost of IT products, as well the types of companies pro-ducing them. It is emphasized that an objective assessment of the planned cost of software will help to more accurately predict the future financial result, which will determine the further adoption of management deci-sions. Software development costs necessarily affect its pricing, which largely determines the competitiveness of the future product. The work reflects the results of the authors’ study of the process of formation of labor costs for software production in modern Russian development companies. It is noted that the planning of over-head costs in such organizations is carried out in proportion to labor costs. To improve the effectiveness of their management, the authors developed a deviation matrix used to monitor the level of costs and identify the need for adjusting the planned indicators.

MODERN MANAGEMENT AS A CONTINUATION MAKARENKIV TRADITIONS IN CONDITIONS OF SEVERE UNCERTAINTY

The article examines the role of the manager of an educational extracurricular institution in the development and adoption of management decisions in modern Ukrainian realities, offers project author's practical recommendations in this regard, taking into account the historically similar experience of the Makarenko traditions, and this study recommends it as extremely relevant.
 The scientific novelty of the work consists in the further development of the concept of "extreme uncertainty (war) - to a more relevant concept and, accordingly, the proposal of a new term in management, namely: "hard uncertainty" - for working conditions during a large-scale terrorist war against the background of the covid-19 pandemic, that are currently taking place simultaneously on the territory of Ukraine. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibilities of using conclusions and recommendations in extracurricular educational institutions of Ukraine.

Natural and historical aspects of the environmental monitoring in the city of Lviv

Purpose. To study the natural-historical aspects of the organization of monitoring the components of the natural environment in the territory of the city of Lviv, to identify the peculiarities of its organiza-tion at different historical stages of the functioning of the urban system, to highlight the specifics of the organization of environmental monitoring in modern conditions. Results Regular meteorological observations with the help of instruments began in Lviv in 1811, and observations and descriptions of the city's vegetation were carried out in the 1950s. Ya. Lagner. In 1944, the Department of Hydrometeorological Service of the Carpathian Military District was organized in Lviv. It included: weather bureau, group of hydrological forecasts, group of restoration of the network of stations. At the beginning of 1946, on the basis of this department, a hydrometeorological office was creat-ed, which since 1959 functioned as a hydrometeorological observatory (HMO) with groups: meteorologi-cal, hydrological forecasts and agrometeorological. In 1964, the Lviv Aerological Station became part of the GMO under the authority of the Aerology Department. Old, historical Lviv was located in the middle of large forests, had many streams, brooks, as well as rich flora. Such diversity is determined by the geo-graphical location, the history of the formation of the relief and climatic conditions in previous geological periods. The study of the landscape-natural primary basis in comparison with the built-up areas leads to the demarcation of the urban environment based on belonging to a certain type of natural landscape and thereby determines different approaches to its transformation. Background observation points located at nature conservation facilities provide information about the state and changes in the natural environment that occur outside of human activity. A comparative analysis of similar indicators obtained in areas with different degrees of urban influence will make it possible to reveal the real state of anthropogenic changes, identify their causes, predict the further consequences of urbanization, as well as build models of such social and production systems that would be the least harmful to the environment. Conclusions. Environmental monitoring in the territory of the city of Lviv has a long history. Moni-toring the state of the atmospheric air, water environment, biodiversity was and remains an important component in the issue of the quality of the urban environment and does not lose its importance. Environ-mental monitoring must be considered as an integral part of the regional management system of nature management, which must perform the target functions of continuous observation and forecasting of the main socio-ecological processes for the purpose of their analysis, identification and identification of the main factors for the preparation and adoption of management decisions.

Прогнозная модель послепожарного лесовосстановления в Иркутской области

Forest fires are one of the most acute problems of the forest complex of the Russian Federation. On the one hand, most of the natural coniferous forests of the boreal zone have pyrogenic origin, and forest fires are a natural component of the successions of coniferous forests. On the other hand, forest fires cause great damage, consisting in the costs of extinguishing them, burnt material values, including damaged stands on the root, as well as environmental damage - pollution of the air basin over large areas, pollution of runoff into reservoirs, etc. Different tree species, in different forest growing conditions, react differently to the pyrogenic effects of different intensities. A striking example is the larch forests of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), growing on permafrost, and very well adapted to fairly frequent wildfires. The adoption of management decisions on the types and methods of reforestation after forest fires of various intensity should be based on predictive models of the course of natural reforestation. To compile such a model for the forests of the Irkutsk region, full-scale experimental studies were carried out, consisting in the examination of hares of different years, after forest fires of varying intensity. As a result of statistical processing of the experimental data obtained, mathematical dependences of the development of a multicomponent forest ecosystem, including coniferous and deciduous trees of the younger, middle and older age groups, presented in this article, were compiled. The work was carried out within the framework of the scientific school "Innovative developments in the field of logging industry and forestry" of the Arctic State Agrotechnological University.

METHODOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS IN THE INVESTMENT AND INNOVATION SPHERE

In the study, attention is updated to the issues of management of the processes of investment and innovation development of business entities. The purpose of the research is to form methodological and applied support for the justification of management decisions in the field of investment and innovation development of economic entities. It is shown that the restoration and further strengthening of competitive positions, increasing the social and economic efficiency of enterprise management requires a more active and systematic introduction of innovations. It was concluded that one of the most important prerequisites for innovative activity is its financial, in particular, investment support. It is shown that the substantiation of the theoretical-methodical and applied basis for the justification and adoption of management decisions in the field of investing in the innovative development of enterprises is becoming highly relevant. It is pointed out that there is still a lack of a full-fledged methodology for justifying management decisions in the field of investment and innovation development of enterprises. It has been established that the application of the investment-innovation approach to the development of enterprises, which means a specific type of strategic management decision-making in the field of operation and development, which allows directing business processes to new, more effective parameters, covering all aspects of the enterprise’s activities and ensuring their improvement in innovative ways principles, today it is becoming more and more irreplaceable. It is substantiated that in order to ensure a sufficient variability of innovative approaches to development, the classification of their types should be applied, supplemented by approaches based on such classification features as competitive positions on the innovation market, the target orientation of financing of innovative activity, its directions, types of innovation policy, functional areas of innovation implementation. The applied value of the research results lies in the formation of a qualitative system of substantiation of management decisions at domestic enterprises through the implementation of an investment-innovation mechanism for supporting investment-innovation activities, which consists of a set of methods and tools for investment support for innovative development based on the use of internal and external financial and investment assets, institutional basis, organizational and information support. The scientific novelty of the research results lies in the identification of methods (forecasting and planning, budgeting, analysis, scenario modeling, regulatory and balance analysis, controlling, auditing, monitoring and technology outsourcing) and tools (normative regulation, economic incentives, standardization, reporting, informing, automated management and programming) investment support for innovative development of business entities.

Management Decisions under Uncertainty Using Controlling Tools

The management decision performs three critical functions : guiding , organizing and motivating . It is obvious that the growth of the university’s potential largely depends on management processes and on the effectiveness of management decisions made in the activities of the staff of the educational organization . As practice shows in modern conditions , not many domestic leaders are familiar with the theory of development and adoption of managerial decisions . The study analyzes the main approaches to the process of making managerial decisions at the university . The expected results are related to the study of theoretical approaches and the determination of the possibility of using controlling tools . The study was conducted based on primary data that were collected through a questionnaire . The survey of respondents was conducted among the teaching staff at Almaty Management University. To solve the problem , the classic Pareto Chart tool and the modern Tree Diagram tool were used , which showed different results . In the course of the study , hypotheses were put forward , some of which needed practical confirmation . The results showed that there is no standard algorithm for the process of making managerial decisions in all universities in Kazakhstan. The resulting decision-making algorithm is not ideal and , with mass implementation , will lead to an increase in risks in the personnel management of educational organizations . However , the method of building control itself can be used by other universities since the scheme of primary and new controlling methods considered by the authors is quite flexible .

MORPHO-BIOMECHANICAL PROFILE OF YOUNG ATHLETES AS THE BASIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MULTIMEDIA TECHNOLOGY "VICTORY PODIUM"

According to the results of the scientific research of a cohort of scientists, it is known that information technologies are processes, methods of searching, collecting, storing, processing, providing, promoting information and ways of implementing the same processes and methods. According to many scientists, management information processes include procedures for registration, collection, transmission, storage, processing, publication of information and adoption of management decisions.