Adolescent Dropouts Research Articles

Adolescent dropouts’ functioning in relationships with parents and peers

A qualitative case study analysis of 14-19-year old dropouts and their relationships with the parents and peers is performed to determine differences in their functioning. Generalizations are made based on the decision tree generated by Quinlan’s algorithm. Based on it, a model of the variant modes of adolescent dropouts’ functioning is constructed. The results of the study show the mechanism and genesis of the different modes of functioning of adolescent dropouts in relationships with their parents and peers: from the rejection of the parents and attempts to find safety among the peers to efforts to improve the self-image by manipulating parents and peers and attempts to tackle problems. By explaining the genesis and mechanisms of adolescent dropouts’ functioning, the model helps understand why they decide to discontinue education and the potential role of their parents and/or peers in creating more effective support programmes.

"You can't really have a relationship with them because they just ask you questions": understanding adolescent dropout - an empirical single case study.

High dropout rates are common in youth psychotherapy, including psychoanalytic psychotherapy, yet the reasons behind this trend remain obscure. A critical focus to enhance adolescent engagement could be the therapeutic alliance, particularly in resolving alliance ruptures. This study sought to clarify the complex relationships between the therapeutic alliance, encompassing alliance ruptures and resolutions, and dropout within the context of poor outcome. It investigated a single case of an adolescent with depression who dropped-out of Short-Term Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy, without showing clinical improvement. Data was garnered from diverse sources, including questionnaires, interviews, and session recordings, and analyzed through a mixed-method longitudinal framework. This encompassed views from the adolescent, therapist, parents, and external evaluators. The study identifies several factors impacting the decision to drop out, including initial profound distrust toward the therapist, a complex and difficult therapeutic relationship characterized by unresolved alliance ruptures, and sporadic attendance. External factors including minimal parental engagement with therapy were also seen as detrimental to the adolescent's involvement and progress. The research underscores the challenges in engaging adolescents, especially when there may be distrust of professionals, and in the absence of parental involvement with treatment.

Drugs Abuse among Adolescent School Dropouts in Sokoto State, Nigeria: Exploring Adverse Effects on Academic Potential and Relations

This study aimed to assess the use of drugs among adolescents who have obtained only a primary school certificate in Sokoto and its consequent effect on academic potential and relations. The study was executed using a cross-sectional survey, and data were collected with a questionnaire from 300 respondents selected through a snowballing sampling technique. Eighty cohorts served as control for the study as well. The results show that respondents are Hausa/Fulani Muslims, 15-17 years old, single, have obtained a primary certificate, and are males (100%). They use cigarettes more than the cough syrup. Most of them were victims of drug abuse for a year and a minority for over two years. Most respondents spent 500 Naira on drugs, some spent 300 Naira, and others spent 200 Naira daily. The influences of the drug are: a majority face peer pressure and a minority are influenced by elder/brother. The effects felt on their body due to the drugs mainly were headache, sleep disorders, and tiredness. The others include mental illness, sickness, and loss/lack of morals. Ways to control drug abuse among adolescents are mostly employment and prevention of selling. There is a significant difference between the respondents' drug use and academic potential at p<0.05. There is indeed a harmful use of cough syrup and cigarettes among adolescent dropouts in Sokoto, with many effects. Job creation and prevention of accessibility are needed.
 Keywords: Primary Education, School dropout, Academic Potential, Skoto

Analyzing the Effects of Smartphone Addiction, Parental Attachment, Peer Attachment on Impulsivity in School-Disengaged Adolescents

Purpose: This study examined the effects of smartphone addiction, parental attachment, and peer attachment on impulsivity among dropout adolescents, using 318 adolescents who participated in the fifth year of the Panel Survey of School Disengaged Adolescents.
 Method: To investigate the impact of smartphone addiction on impulsivity among school dropouts, we conducted inter-variable correlation analysis, three-step mediated regression analysis, and Sobel test.
 Results: First, the correlations between impulsivity, smartphone addiction, parental attachment, and peer attachment of dropout adolescents were analyzed, and the results showed that parental attachment and peer attachment were negatively related to impulsivity and smartphone addiction were positively related to impulsivity. Second, the mediating effects of parental attachment and peer attachment on the effects of smartphone addiction on impulsivity of dropout adolescents were analyzed, and the results showed that both parental attachment and peer attachment had mediating effects on reducing impulsivity of dropout adolescents.
 Conclusion: This study is significant in that it confirms the influence of parental attachment and peer attachment on smartphone addiction and impulsivity among dropout adolescents. Therefore, based on the findings of this study, various educational interventions are needed to reduce the impulsivity of dropout adolescents through various pathways of adolescent impulsivity, and at the same time, programs that promote healthy parent-child relationships and peer relationships should be actively implemented as a preventive measure.

The Effect of Small-Group Art Therapy on Self-Esteem and Interpersonal Relationships of School Dropout Adolescents

The Effect of Small-Group Art Therapy on Self-Esteem and Interpersonal Relationships of School Dropout Adolescents

학업중단 청소년의 게임중독의 영향요인

This study was performed to investigate factors influencing game addiction based on social stigma, child neglect of parent, and impulsivity in school dropout adolescents. Study subjects were a total of 318 data in the 5th School Dropout Adolescent Panel Study. Data was analyzed by a structural equation model using AMOS 28.0. As a result of the study, the social stigma and impulsiveness of adolescents who dropped out of school had a significant positive effect on game addiction, parental neglect had a significant positive effect on social stigma and impulsivity. Social stigma had a significant mediating effect between parental neglect and game addiction. It is required strategies to reduce social stigma and impulsivity and improve parenting attitudes to prevent and manage game addiction in adolescents who drop out of school.

Peran Orang Tua dalam Membina Moralitas Remaja Putus Sekolah di Kelurahan Fatukbot, Nusa Tenggara Timur

This study aims to determine the role of parents in fostering the morality of dropout adolescents, and the inhibiting factors of parents in fostering the morality of dropout adolescents in Fatukbot Village, South Atambua District, East Nusa Tenggara. This type of research uses qualitative methods. The subjects in this study were parents, children, religious leaders and village government. Data collection techniques in this study, namely through observation techniques, interviews, documentation and data analysis techniques used consisted of data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. This research found that the role of parents in fostering the morality of dropout adolescents has been running, but not optimal, so that many teenagers are worried that they do not know what is good and what is bad. The inhibiting factors that cause the role of parents to not run optimally are due to the educational background of the parents, the economic level of the parents, the type of work the parents do and the time available.

Exploring Parental Perspectives on Dropout from Treatment for Adolescent Depression

ABSTRACT Talking therapies are the first line of treatment for adolescent depression, yet dropout rates are high. Despite parents being considered primary stakeholders in a child’s mental health treatment, there is a lack of qualitative research on their perspectives on adolescent dropout. This study aimed to explore parents’ perspectives on why their adolescent children dropped out of therapy. Interviews with 12 parents whose adolescent children had dropped out of therapy were purposively selected from a larger dataset to explore their understanding of why their children had stopped going to therapy. Interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and five key themes were identified: practical barriers to therapy; adolescent’s readiness to work with the therapist; relationship difficulties between adolescent and therapist; perceived helpfulness of the therapy; and parents being unaware of why their child ended therapy. Involving parents throughout the therapeutic process could be helpful as they are uniquely positioned to suggest how best to support their child. Services should provide information on the types of therapy, and different therapists, available to adolescents prior to treatment starting. Difficulties in the therapeutic relationship should be addressed in the moment to reduce rupture and, therefore, risk of drop out.

학업중단 청소년의 자아탄력성과 자아존중감이 진로성숙도에 미치는 영향

This study was conducted to find out the effect of ego resilience and self-esteem on career maturity of school dropout adolescents. In this study, the research question was set as follows. First, what is the relationship between ego resilience, self-esteem, and career maturity of adolescents who drop out of school? Second, how does the ego resilience and self-esteem of adolescents who drop out of school affect their career maturity? The subjects of this study were 326 adolescents who dropped out of school in G city and C city. Self-resilience scale, self-esteem scale, and career maturity scale were used as survey tools, and correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted as analysis methods. Looking at the results of this study, first, there was a significant correlation among ego resilience, self-esteem, and career maturity of school dropout adolescents. Second, it was found that the ego resilience and self-esteem of adolescents who dropped out of school had a significant effect on their career maturity. Through this study, implications and discussions on counseling and education for adolescents who dropped out of school were discussed.

Measuring Self–Serving Cognitive Distortions in School Dropout Adolescents (Boys)

Adolescence is an important period in the life span which includes physical, and psychological changes. These changes can be difficult for an adolescent to adjust which can lead to different adversities. Sometimes overcoming such adversities can be problematic and leads to cognitive distortions known as biased thinking. Aim: the study aims to measure self-serving cognitive distortions in school drop -out boys. Sample: The sample size is n-40, and the samples were collected from various places in Madurai District, Tamil Nadu using the Purposive sampling method. Materials: informed consent form, socio-demographic variables, and the How I think questionnaire ( Barriga, et al, 2001). Results: From the results, it was found that the scoring for the dimensions Self-centered, blaming others, minimizing/mislabeling, assuming the worst, oppositional defiance, physical aggression, lying, and stealing fall under the clinical category which means there exists externalizing psychopathology. The study shows that the samples tend to engage in deviant behavior like aggression, violent behaviors, stealing, substance use, and criminal behavior

Measuring Self–Serving Cognitive Distortions in School Dropout Adolescents (Boys)

Measuring Self–Serving Cognitive Distortions in School Dropout Adolescents (Boys)

DAMPAK DARI PEMIKIRAN PEMUDI TENTANG MASA DEPAN DI DESA MEKAR MULYA, KECAMATAN PENARIK, KABUPATEN MUKOMUKO, PROVINSI BENGKULU

This study describes the impact of high school dropout adolescents Madrasah Aliyah and its implications for personality formation efforts with the main problem of impact of dropping out of school adolescents on personality formation, discusses aspects of coaching for high school dropouts / madrasah aliyah in Kampiri village, Pamana district and implications for efforts to shape the personality of adolescents with high school dropouts / madrash aliyah in the village of Mekar mulya, Penarik sub-district, Wajo district. This problem is deeply rooted and difficult to solve and there is chaos in the community. Therefore, the authors want to know and research further about the impact of adolescents dropping out of high school levels of high school / madrasah aliyah and how aspects of development and implications and efforts in shaping adolescent personality.
 Answering these problems, the author uses research methods including descriptive qualitative research types, namely by describing, analyzing, the research approach used by researchers, namely the educational educational approach, psychological approach, and sociological approach with data collection methods by means of observation, interviews or interviews, study. documentation and library reseach. The data analysis method used is data reduction, data display (data presentation), conclusion drawing (data verification) combined with inductive and comparative analysis. The results of the research on the impact of teenagers dropping out of school at the high school / madrasah aliyah level on the formation of adolescent personality, namely unemployment, juvenile delinquency and poverty and aspects of coaching teenagers who drop out of school, namely Package C, parent motivation, operational assistance, socialization, operational funding assistance and skills development. Implications for efforts to shape the personality of teenagers who drop out of school at high school / madrasah aliyah levels in kampiri village, pammana sub-district, wajo district with the package C program and operational funds can increase the standard of living independently, and increase knowledge and reduce low economic burdens apart from Package C people's motivation parents and socialization foster enthusiasm for adolescents and better understand the nature of education accompanied by skill development so that unique and valuable works are created.

The Impact of Parental and Peer Attachment on Gaming Addiction among Out-of-School Adolescents in South Korea: The Mediating Role of Social Stigma.

Most studies on gaming addiction have targeted adolescents in schools, while studies on gaming addiction among out-of-school adolescents remain scarce. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of parental and peer attachment on gaming addiction, mediated by social stigma among Korean out-of-school adolescents. The Dropout Youth Panel Survey was used for a sample of 437 dropout adolescents. The results showed that out-of-school adolescents' social stigma fully mediated the relationship between parental and peer attachment and gaming addiction. Parental attachment significantly predicted out-of-school adolescents' gaming addiction by decreasing their social stigma. Peer attachment also influenced gaming addiction in out-of-school adolescents via the mediated effects of social stigma. No direct effect of parental and peer attachment on gaming addiction was found. Social stigma played an important role in decreasing levels of gaming addiction. In addition, our study revealed that the direct and total effects of parental attachment on gaming addiction were greater than the effect of peer attachment. This study empirically verified the importance of social stigma based on modified labeling theory and provides a valid mechanism to describe how Korean out-of-school adolescents develop gaming addictions. The findings suggest effective strategies for prevention and treatment for dropout adolescents in South Korea.

청소년기 학업 중단을 경험한 청년의 부모애착과 삶의 만족의 관계에서 사회적 낙인감과 자아탄력성의 이중매개효과

Objectives This study derived ways to improve the life satisfaction of young adults who experienced stigma as out-of-school youth by investigating the mediating effects of social stigma and ego-resiliency on the relationship between parental attachment and life satisfaction perceived by young adults who dropped out of school during adolescence. Methods To this end, data from the panel survey for drop-out adolescents of the fifth year (2018) conducted by National Youth Policy Institute were used. A dual mediation analysis was performed on the data collected from 315 young adults aged between 24 to 29 years old using the PROCESS Macro program. Results Analysis revealed that the mediating effect of ego-resiliency on the relationship between parental attachment and life satisfaction was not significant. However, the path in which parental attachment effects life satisfaction through social stigma and that in which it effects life satisfaction via social stigma and ego-resiliency in sequence were significant. Conclusions These results suggest that improving the quality of interactions with parents is useful in improving an individual's internalized stigma. It indicates that work that promotes ego-resilience contributes to increase life satisfaction reduced by social stigma.

The Impact of Unhealthy Behaviors on Personalized Well-Being Index in a Sample of School Dropout Adolescents.

(1) Background: here is a growing need for integrated and multidimensional approaches to health, especially in a particular category of populations, school-dropout (SD) adolescents, who are traditionally more prone to risky behavior. This study aimed to describe the association between possible risk factors (substance use, eating disorders, social addiction) and well-being perception through the application of a personalized well-being index (PWBI) in SD youths. (2) Methods: Data were collected in 450 school-dropout adolescents (19 ± 2 years, male 308); the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and risk behaviors were assessed by means of a battery of standardized questions. (3) Results: The results revealed an altered perception of well-being in association with eating disorders (p < 0.001), the use of psychotropic drugs (p < 0.001), and the amount of their consumption (p < 0.05). In particular, there was a decrease in emotional state (p < 0.001) and PWBI (p < 0.001) in the presence of eating disorders, and an impairment in all PWBI components, emotional states (p < 0.001), lifestyle habits (p < 0.05), and social contexts (p < 0.001) when taking psychotropic drugs. (4) Conclusions: risk or unhealthy behaviors significantly worsen individual well-being. This study highlights the change of paradigm from a disease-oriented model to an educationally strength-based model when monitoring psychosocial well-being in order to define preventive and health promotion strategies in a vulnerable category of the population.

Factors Affecting Adolescent Out of School in Market Ambacang Kuranji District Padang City

This research is based on the presence of teenagers dropping out of school. The purpose of this study is to describe: 1) Factors that affect adolescent dropouts are seen from internal factors, 2) Factors that affect adolescent dropouts are seen from external factors. This research is qualitative research. Key informants of FMM and NG students and 6 additional informants consisting of FMM's close friends and NG's close friends, FMM and NG parents, NG's sister, FMM's sister. The research instruments used in this study are interview guidelines, techniques used through data reduction, data display and data achievement. The results revealed that 1) Internal factors are lack of spirit to go to school, lack of interest in learning, always sleepy, often staying up late at night, lack of confidence in self-ability. 2) External factors that teachers are less motivated, often ridiculed for not being able to pay the obligation of school fees, the influence of friends hanging out, declining achievements and embarrassment to return to school, bullied by friends. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended in adolescents to be able to increase their confidence and foster interest in learning

Mental Guidance in Improving Life Skills for School Dropout Teens at PSBR Yogyakarta

Adolescence is the transition of children to adulthood. The transition from the period of children to adulthood triggers many problems faced by adolescents. Therefore, adolescents need education as a basis for meeting the needs needed in order to respond and respond to problems as well as a basis in character formation. But in certain conditions teenagers are faced with educational problems that have taken root, namely the problem of dropping out of school. This is where the role of the government provides solutions and provides alternatives for teenagers who experience dropouts. Adolescent dropouts are given guidance and coaching through non-formal educational institutions or social institutions, one of which is in PSBR Yogyakarta. PSBR is one of the UPT that has the task and function of providing coaching for teenagers out of school. The coaching is done by providing various guidance, one of which is mental guidance and training in various skills needed for teenagers to drop out of school in order to have life skills . This research aims to explore the problems of adolescents dropping out of school and find out the pattern of mental guidance provided by PSBR in order to improve the life skills of adolescents out of school with a qualitative research approach. The study findings found that adolescents who drop out of school have difficulty in adjusting, health problems, religious problems, problems playing a role in society and problems of leisure. Efforts to improve the life skills of teenage dropouts are done through mental guidance and skill guidance.

Gender Differences for Health Indicators in a Sample of School Dropout Adolescents: A Pilot Study.

Background: The ever-increasing prevalence of school dropout (SD) highlights the need to gain insight into risk factors for dropout causes and consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the gender differences for health indicators in a sample of school dropout adolescents. Methods: Data were collected regarding 450 adolescent’s SD (19 ± 2 years; 308 males), and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and risk behaviors were assessed by means of a standardized questionnaire. Results: The results revealed that the female population was characterized by a compromised health indicator profile in terms of both risk behaviors and HRQoL dimensions. Conclusion: These findings indicate that SD is a multidimensional phenomenon, for which the implementation of multiple educational, social, and psychological policies aimed at mitigating the issue are recommended.

학교 밖 청소년의 사회적 낙인감, 방임, 심리적 특성, 스마트폰 중독 간 구조적 관계

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the structural relationship among social stigma, neglect, psychological characteristics and smart-phone addiction in out-of-school adolescents and to determine the moderating effect of gender on the relationship among variables.&#x0D; Methods 454 out-of-school adolescents panel data from NYPI s School Drop-Out Adolescents Panel Study in 2014 utilized a structural equation model to examine the relationship.&#x0D; Results The findings of the study were as follows: First, social stigma was found to have exercised a negative influence on self-esteem and ego-resiliency while it was found to have exercised a positive influence on depression. In addition, neglect showed a negative influence on self-esteem and the self-esteem showed a negative influence on depression but a positive influence on thinking to future. Ego-resiliency and depression were also found to have exercised as predictor of smart-phone addiction. Second, self-esteem, ego-resiliency and depression showed both a simple and a sequential dual mediating effect on the relationship between social stigma and smart-phone addiction. Self-esteem and depression were also double-mediated sequentially in the relationship between neglect and smart-phone addiction. Third, the results of the latent means analysis by gender were observed that the mean value of female students was significantly higher than male students in depression and smart-phone addiction.&#x0D; Conclusions Thus, it suggests in-depth future studies with regard to lower social stigma and neglect to raise adaptive psychological characteristics in oder to reducing smart-phone addiction in out-of-school adolescents.

Adolescent dropout from brief digital mental health interventions within and beyond randomized trials

ObjectiveMany adolescents struggle to access appropriate mental health care due to structural or psychological barriers. Although traditional barriers to participation (e.g., location, cost) are hypothetically reduced or removed in internet interventions, low retention reduces the likelihood that adolescents will receive the intervention dosage intended to produce beneficial effects. It is therefore key to determine what factors are associated with dropout in digital mental health interventions with adolescents both within and beyond the context of research studies. MethodsWe compare completion rates from two projects evaluating self-guided, online single-session mental health interventions (SSIs) for adolescents. One was a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which participants were paid for participation. The other was a program evaluation project in which participants were not paid for participation. We additionally compare SSI completion rates across various demographic groups and across baseline hopelessness levels. ResultsThere was a statistically significant difference in SSI completion status between the RCT (84.75% full-completers) and the program evaluation (36.86% full-completers), X2 (2, N = 2436) = 583.5, p < 0.05. There were no significant differences in the baseline hopelessness scores across completion statuses in either study. There were no significant differences in full-completion rates across demographic groups in either project. ConclusionAdolescents may be more likely to complete a brief digital mental health intervention in a paid, research-based context than in an unpaid, naturalistic context. Additionally, it is possible that the brevity of SSIs reduces demographic disparities related to retention by minimizing the time required to complete an intervention.