Administrative Intervention Research Articles

Dealing with Weak Commercial Banks in Restructuring the System of Credit Institutions in Vietnam using Consolidation, Merger, and Acquisition: The Change from Administrative Orders to Market Mechanisms

The analysis and description of the legal framework combined with the assessment of impacts in economic and social aspects show that dealing with a weak bank, whatever the cause is, is an expensive and unpleasant situation, with potential negative impacts on the financial system. Depending on the severity of the weakness, the State takes appropriate intervention measures. Vietnam's economy is characterized by a small scale; commercial banks account for a large number, and have a small scale; these banks' financial potentials are not strong enough to compete with large-scale commercial banks (are usually state-owned or have a control stock) or foreign-invested commercial banks which have both strong financial potential and modern management skills from their parent banks abroad. This is the cause leading to the increase of weak commercial banks that need to be handled to make the market healthy as well as to secure the capital for economic development. Based on the coordinated approach between economics and law, the paper points out limitations when handling weak commercial banks through consolidation, merger, acquisition, or compulsory transfer. To meet the safety requirements and not to cause a breakdown in the restructuring and handling of weak banks, administrative intervention measures through compulsory consolidation, merger, compulsory acquisition, or compulsory transfer are used quite effectively. In the current period, we have solved the weaknesses that need to be handled quickly and decisively. Therefore, organizational restructuring according to criteria of sustainability and market mechanisms should be quickly implemented, especially forming a legal framework allowing foreign investors to participate in mergers and acquisitions transactions in a clear, specific, and highly feasible way as well as research to realize the bankruptcy of commercial banks effectively.

How Public Policies Are Implemented: A Comparison of Urban Domestic Waste Classification Policy Implementation Models

(1) Background: Domestic waste classification has become a focal point of urban governance. Existing studies lack inter-case comparisons and ignore the precise path of waste separation policy implementation. (2) Methods: I examined the process of implementing domestic waste separation policies in Shanghai, Tokyo, and Taipei using the Policy Implementation Process Model as an analytical tool. Then, I compared the implementation paths of waste classification policies across cities. (3) Results: I discovered that Shanghai typically uses a mandatory strategy, Tokyo uses a benefit-driven strategy, and Taipei uses an administrative-intervention approach. The government’s mandatory strategy for waste classification policies is heavily reliant on grassroots government mobilization. This mobilization technique, however, does not significantly motivate residents. The benefit-driven strategy encourages pluralistic participation and improves the interaction of various social groups. This strategy, however, must achieve equal cooperation among all participants. The timely exit of the intervention is critical to the effectiveness of the administrative intervention strategy. (4) Conclusions: In analyzing the characteristics of policy implementation, I find that literature is primarily grouped into two perspectives: administrative mobilization and pluralistic participation. This approach appears to imply that these two cannot be harmonized in terms of methodology. I divide the policy implementation process into stages, each of which can be distinguished by administrative mobilization or pluralistic participation. When I consider the entire process, I can see that a given policy implementation process can be characterized by both administrative mobilization and pluralistic participation. My approach allows for the methodological integration of these two key features.

The Impact of COVID-19 and Administrative Interventions on Stock Returns: New Insights From Sectoral Analysis

We examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the administrative interventions on stock returns across 21 sectors in India. Almost all sectors reacted negatively to the pandemic announcement on 11 March 2020. The early lockdown resulted in negative abnormal returns. However, this effect was transitory as investors gained confidence and some sectors quickly revived. The unlocking led to positive abnormal returns across all sectors, except chemical products.

Physician empathy during crisis: A survey of doctors in COVID-19 pandemic (COPE study)

BackgroundThere is a lack of research studies on physician empathy levels towards patients, which is a critical component of providing high-quality patient-care and satisfaction. Our study aimed at assessing the physician-reported empathy levels towards patients during a crisis like the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. MethodsCross-sectional online-based survey was conducted among 409 practicing doctors from varied healthcare levels during the pandemic. We used a validated Jefferson Physician's Empathy (JPE) - Health Professional (HP) version questionnaire. Empathy score was expressed as a median and interquartile range, and the analysis was done in STATA 12.1 (StataCorp LP, Texas, USA). ResultsAmong the survey respondents, 55% were between 26–35 years, 56% were from the government health sector, and 57% were male doctors. Overall physicians’ empathy score was 100 (89, 113). The empathy score among physicians engaged in OPD duty was significantly higher (p = 0.022). A total of 70.0% of physicians consulting more than 50 patients/day reported a score ≤105 (p = 0.035). Physicians aged more than 40 years (AOR = 2.545, 95% CI = 1.1133, 5.8184) and those working in government healthcare centers (AOR = 2.711, 95% CI = 1.1372, 6.4616) were about three times more likely to have a score >105 compared to younger physicians (p = 0.027) and private practitioners (p = 0.024). ConclusionPhysician-reported empathy scores during the COVID pandemic were high. Middle-aged physicians involved in OPD consultation and those working in government healthcare recorded good scores. However, reporting lower empathy scores when the patient load increases highlights the need for administrative and medical education interventions.

Literary representations of borders and partitions in provincial memory cultures (Northern Ireland and Upper Silesia)

AbstractNorthern Ireland and Upper Silesia exhibit numerous analogies when it comes to their local communities' experience of borders, divisions and partitions. The experience is reflected in recent partition narratives which prove that geopolitical and administrative interventions in space and territory are likely to create and define more than just lines on the maps and new jurisdictions. Borders and partitions are felt and endured, often imprinted on provincial memories, both individual and communal. Border crossings, borders in the mind and actual experiences connected with being partitioned and living in a borderland have determined, for the last 100 years, the parameters of what I call provincial memory in Northern Ireland and Upper Silesia, making them markedly different from national memory cultures in Ireland/Britain and Poland, respectively. The transcultural memory of partitions and borders, preserved in contemporary literary accounts of the past, informs the main thrust of the narratives of belonging in both regions. By exploring related examples of partition narratives and attitudes of regional writers to borderlands and partitions, this essay argues for a recognition, in the respective contexts of Northern Ireland and Upper Silesia, of significant differences between the discursive performances of provincial memory cultures and national ones.

High ambient temperatures are associated with urban crime risk in Chicago

Urban crime (UC) seriously affects the security and stability of the communities and society. However, the effects of external temperatures on the risk of UC are still confusing. We quantitatively estimated the effects of high and low temperatures on UC in Chicago. After controlling for the confounding factors, we found that high temperature has a positive promoting effect on UC, for non-domestic crime, the effect occurs at lag day 0 with a maximum risk of 1.40 (95%CI, 1.34–1.46) compared to a risk of 1 at temperature of −12.3 °C, and decreased as the lag day increased. The effect of low temperature is not significant for UC. Heat waves above the 99th percentile with a duration of 4.5–5.5 days exert a significant positive impact on non-domestic crime of UC. Our findings confirm the adverse promotion effect of high temperature on UC risk, and effective individual behavior guidance and administrative intervention are of great significance for reducing the risk of UC under specific high temperature environment.

Exploration of Profession Experience Among In-Hospital Organ Procurement Coordinators in China: A Qualitative Study

The gap between the supply and demand of organs is continuously increasing. The emergence of organ procurement coordinators (OPCs), to a certain extent, has decreased the gap. In China, a majority of OPCs work in hospitals that are qualified for transplants, namely in-hospital OPCs (Ih-OPCs). Their profession experiences are closely related to donation rates and indirectly reveal aspects that should be further improved. However, no data are available in China. We sought to explore Ih-OPCs' subjective feeling of the practice experience and provide targeted interventions for administrators. A project team was established and then interview outlines were listed by virtue of discussion and literature review. Furthermore, a total of 13 Ih-OPCs were selected as participants for interview. After that, the conversation was analyzed and encoded, and themes were finally identified according to phenomenology. A total of 3 themes including positive emotions, negative emotions, and personal needs were identified, which were furthermore divided into 7 minor themes ranging from professional identity, competence improvement, recruitment methods, quality of life, workload evaluation, career prospects, and training courses. Social support and public understanding play a pivotal role in strengthening positive emotions. Meanwhile, the administrators should put more emphasis on negative emotions and personal needs, and management system should be further optimized.

Efficacy of administrative intervention for neurosurgical patients with off-label use of alprostadil lipid microsphere

As an adjuvant drug, alprostadil lipid microsphere injection (Lipo-PGE1) is one of the best-selling drugs in China in recent years. However, the off-label use of Lipo-PGE1 is very common. This study aimed to investigate the use of Lipo-PGE1 and evaluate the clinical effects and economic benefits after administrative intervention on inappropriate use of Lipo-PGE1 in neurosurgical patients in a Chinese tertiary hospital. Administrative interventions were implemented from January to December 2018 by reducing the procurement volume of Lipo-PGE1, judging the rationality of medical records, and establishing reward and punishment mechanisms. Administrative interventions significantly decreased prescription rate (49.98% vs 22.49%), utilization (22,311 DDDs vs 8334 DDDs), drug use density (43.52 DDDs/TID vs 15.84 DDDs/TID), total expenditure (3.58 million RMB vs 1.30 million RMB), and average expenditure (2025.04 RMB vs 1466.49 RMB) of Lipo-PGE1. To our delight, these intervention effects were maintained or even better in the 1-year post-intervention period. Moreover, in the intervention and post-intervention phases, the Lipo-PGE1 use for no indications as well as inappropriate drug dose, frequency, menstruum type, combination, and contraindication were markedly reduced. Besides, the mean costs (P < 0.001), and mean duration (P < 0.001) of Lipo-PGE1 were also obviously decreased. The administrative intervention obviously reduced the off-label use of Lipo-PGE1. However, there still remains a number of inappropriate uses of Lipo-PGE1. To further improve the rational use of Lipo-PGE1, combination of administrative intervention and real-time clinical pharmacists intervention should be implemented.

Research on Rural Environmental Pollution Control Path Under Administrative Intervention Mechanism

Abstract With the continuous development of urbanisation, the economic level of rural areas has improved greatly. However, due to the development of industry and the leap in the economy, the rural environment has suffered unprecedented damage. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, this paper explores the rural environmental pollution control path under the government intervention mechanism. Firstly, it analyses the functions of the government in rural environmental pollution control. Then, taking Huzhou as an example, this paper empirically evaluates the willingness to pay for the treatment of living environment pollution in rural areas of Huzhou based on the CVM (Contingent Valuation Method) and analyses the decentralised domestic sewage treatment mode, multi household domestic sewage treatment mode, and waste collaborative treatment mode from the perspective of treatment technology and policy system. Finally, it is proposed that to speed up the governance of the rural environment, and we must strengthen the administrative intervention of the government in rural environmental governance. The government should improve the environmental protection awareness of leaders at all levels and the masses and enrich farmers’ environmental governance knowledge and technical training. Based on the theory of environmental economics, agricultural economics, and decision-making behaviour, this paper analyses the influence mechanism of farmers’ decision-making behaviour and government intervention in rural non-point source pollution control.

Does the National Credit Demonstration Policy Affect Urban Green Economy Efficiency? Evidence from the Yangtze River Delta Region of China.

A more scientific green economy efficiency indicator is constructed based on OH (2010), and a multiperiod spatial DID model is used to examine the impact of national credit demonstration policies on urban green economy efficiency in a sample of cities above the prefecture level in the Yangtze River Delta. The study confirms the following: (1) The national credit demonstration policy makes a significant contribution to the green economic efficiency of cities, and it is conducive to strengthening awareness of the rule of law in the market to regulate market order. (2) The demand for credit regulation in coastal areas has increased under the new development pattern, and the national credit demonstration policy has effectively enhanced green economy efficiency through institutional supply. (3) Under the national credit demonstration policy, the subprovincial level and above can mobilise more resources for policy refinement and support, reducing transaction costs and improving the efficiency of the green economy. (4) The impact of the national credit demonstration policy on the efficiency of Zhejiang’s green economy is more obvious; but, under the overall framework of the Yangtze River Delta, the policy has a more prominent role in promoting green economy efficiency in other provinces. Policy insights are as follows: (1) Different cities have different degrees of impact on the efficiency of the green economy from the national credit demonstration policy, and they should implement differentiated measures based on regional heterogeneity; (2) regulating the use of administrative resources and avoiding undue administrative intervention are important prerequisites for promoting regional integration to enhance the efficiency of the green economy; and (3) strengthening interprovincial credit policy synergies can help to alleviate administrative distortions of policy implementation and enhance the efficiency of the regional green economy.

A Model to Assess the Adoption of e-Learning Tools by Professors in the Context of COVID-19

In this paper, we propose a model to assess the adoption of e-learning tools by professors in the context of COVID-19. The proposed model was constructed by combining three technology adoption models: the Theory of Reasoned Action, the Theory of Planned Behavior, and the Technology Acceptance Model. This study followed a quantitative methodology based on the collection of data from 123 questionnaires administered to professors from different higher education institutions in Medellín (Colombia). According to the results, the variables that most influence the adoption of e-learning tools by professors are compatibility, self-efficacy, previous experience, satisfaction, infrastructure, administrative intervention, social influence, and technical support.

“We Have No ‘Visibly’ Trans Students in Our School”: Educators’ Perspectives on Transgender-Affirmative Policies in Schools

Background/Context:In Ontario, and Canada more broadly, anti-discrimination on the basis of gender identity and gender expression is enshrined in the Ontario Human Rights Code and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which have required schools to address trans inclusion. However, the ways in which educators understand or enact these policies, and whether they are even aware of them, remain largely underexplored.Purpose/Research Question/Focus of Study:Our purpose was to learn more about educators’ awareness and understanding of trans-inclusive policies in schools and the extent to which such policies were informing practice.Participants:While this research is based on survey data comprising 1,194 respondents, this article examines comments provided about trans-affirmative policy from 463 educators.Research Design:This study involves large-scale survey research conducted on 1,194 educators in Ontario K–12 schools; the survey was disseminated via social media and educational affiliates. We draw primarily on the qualitative data component of the survey, where educators provided detailed comments about and insights into trans-inclusive policies. We employed a reflexive approach to coding and thematic analysis to identify key themes.Findings/Results:Although our quantitative data depicted a favorable assessment of support for trans-affirmative policies—94% of respondents found their school’s policy to be very or somewhat relevant—our findings highlight a discrepancy between policy and practice, and a lack of commitment to addressing cisgenderist, cisnormative, and cissexist systems. The themes that emerged from our coding and analysis of the qualitative data were: (1) educators’ understanding of policy as accommodation; (2) individualized approaches to trans inclusion; (3) lack of administrative support and intervention; (4) the gap between policy and practice; (5) transphobic and cissexist resistance to supporting gender diversity; (6) the need for trans-affirming and gender-expansive curriculum, and (7) the problem of generalized approaches to equity and acceptance of diversity. In addition, we discuss several educator comments that raise important questions about race and the need for intersectional approaches to addressing equity and trans inclusion in schools.Conclusions/Recommendations:We advocate for a paradigm shift with respect to the necessity of employing a trans epistemological framework that addresses the need for gender-expansive education which focuses on the harmful effects of cisgenderism, cisnormativity, and cissexism in the education system. Central to addressing gender justice and trans marginalization in schools for all students, we conclude, is the need for policy makers to ensure accountability and budgetary allocation for the provision of resources and professional development for educators in schools.

Open-case series of a remote administration and group setting comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (RG-CBIT): A pilot trial.

PurposeThe comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics (CBIT) is the first-line psychotherapeutic treatment for individuals with tic disorders. However, most patients with tic disorders do not have access to CBIT due to different factors including lack of trained therapists, treatment cost, and travel distance. Such barriers are more prominent in non-English speaking countries. Therefore, the current study assessed the preliminary efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of remotely administered group CBIT (RG-CBIT) in Japan.MethodsThis was an open-case series that adopted the AB design. Three Japanese children aged between 6 and 13 years who were diagnosed with TS were recruited. RG-CBIT was developed based on the published CBIT manual. Videoconference application, slide presentation software, and cloud learning platform were used as appropriate.ResultsThe Yale Global Tic Severity Scale scores of all participants decreased from baseline to post-treatment. That is, the score reduced by an average of 7.0. Regarding feasibility and acceptability, the attendance rate of participants was 100%, and the process measurement items had favorable scores.ConclusionsRG-CBIT had satisfactory efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability. Hence, it could mitigate the barriers for treatment access.

Care rejection and aggression among veterans with dementia with and without posttraumatic stress disorder: A multi-group analysis

BackgroundIn residential long-term care, military service veterans with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dementia encounter a range of physical and social stimuli that may serve as triggers of trauma-related distress that manifests as care rejection or aggression. Yet, PTSD rarely has been examined in research to understand behaviors of care rejection and aggression in veterans with dementia. ObjectivesGuided by the need-driven dementia-compromised behavior model, we examined the moderation effect of PTSD on pathways from background factors and interpersonal triggers to rejection of care and aggression among veterans with dementia with and without co-occurring PTSD. DesignSecondary data analysis of the Staff Training in Assisted Living Residences-Veterans Health Administration (STAR-VA) intervention evaluation by the U.S. Veterans Health Administration healthcare system. Setting76 Veterans Health Administration-operated nursing homes. Participants315 veterans with dementia who participated in STAR-VA. MethodsWe converted text data on the occurrence of care rejection and aggression to binary variables, combined them with data on sociodemographic and PTSD status obtained using medical chart review, and measured anxiety, cognition, depression, and function using validated instruments. A multi-group structural equation modeling analysis was then conducted to test the moderating effect of PTSD on rejection of care and aggression. ResultsAlthough multi-group structural equation modeling did not support the hypothesis of overall moderation by PTSD, distinct patterns between the two groups were observed with respect to how background factors and interpersonal triggers related to care rejection and aggression. The magnitude of the direct effects of interpersonal triggers on rejection of care was greater in veterans with PTSD (β = 0.42, p = .014 compared to those without β = 0.29, p = .008). Depression had a statistically significant indirect effect on rejection of care via interpersonal triggers only in veterans with PTSD (β = 0.09, p = .009). Functional status had a statistically significant direct effect on aggression only in the PTSD group (β = 0.28, p = .044). ConclusionsOur study identified similar and distinct patterns of relationships among background factors, interpersonal triggers, and rejection of care and aggression between veterans with dementia with and without PTSD. The indirect effect of depression on care rejection via interpersonal triggers has implications for developing targeted interventions that focus on interpersonal triggers for veterans with dementia with PTSD who have greater depressive symptoms. This study underscores the importance of an enhanced focus on trauma-informed care for veterans with dementia and PTSD.

Can Carbon Emission Regulation Achieve a Dual Target of Low Carbon and Employment? An Empirical Analysis Based on China’s Provincial Panel Data

The Phillips curve of environment (EPC) and the environmental Kuznets curve of employment (EKCE) both indicate that the low-carbon economic transition can promote employment growth. Based on Chinese provincial dynamic panel data from 2005 to 2019, the GMM method is used to evaluate these two hypotheses. The results show that there is a remarkable U-shaped relationship between carbon emission regulation and employment, which means the EKCE is better than EPC to match the situation in China. So, a dual target of low carbon and employment can be achieved with the strengthening of environmental regulations. However, because of the difference in economic development, industrial structure, human capital, economic openness, wage of employees, and marketization, the significance level of the relationship between them varies substantially across regions. For the eastern and central regions, it can be characterized by EKCE, and for the western region, the EPC is more significant. Therefore, in order to realize the double dividend more effectively, it is necessary to accelerate the market-oriented reform of carbon emission while implementing differentiated carbon regulation policies and promoting the synergistic effect of administrative intervention mechanism and market mechanism.

Non-opioid analgesics for procedural pain in neonates

Objectives This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To determine the effects of non‐opioid analgesics in neonates (term or preterm) exposed to procedural pain compared to placebo or no drug, non‐pharmacological intervention, other analgesics, or different routes of administration.

La intervención administrativa sobre los precios de los medicamentos industriales en España y su relevancia en la dispensación de los mismos en las oficinas de farmacia

The right to health is made effective, among others, through the guarantee of access to medicines, since these contribute to prevent, cure, or alleviate diseases and to correct or repair the aftermath caused by them. Thus, in Spain, the right of all citizens to obtain medicines through the pharmaceutical benefits guaranteed by the National Health System, which is the health model implemented to guarantee health protection, is recognized. To guarantee its sustainability, the State has the capacity to regulate the economic conditions of pharmaceutical services, as well as to standardize the price of medicines. In this paper, the administrative intervention on all the economic and political issues surrounding the medicine in its relationship with health protection is analyzed, such as: the decision of public financing, that is, inclusion of medicine in the pharmaceutical provision of Social Security, and the fixing of the price of financing the medicine from state funds related to health or Social Security, which are carried out in each of the Member States, and in Spain correspond to the Ministry with competences in health.

A qualitative study of factors influencing adult stakeholder concussion communication with youth athletes

ABSTRACT Research suggests adult stakeholder (coach, referee and administrator) communication about concussion influences the likelihood of athletes reporting concussive symptoms. The goal of this study was to develop a conceptual model to describe factors contributing to adult stakeholder (AS) concussion communication with youth athletes, to inform future concussion education interventions. We conducted a qualitative interview study with n = 63 AS in youth American football and football (soccer) in Washington and Georgia, analysing interviews using a coding structure based on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Across our sample, AS could describe concussion symptoms and mechanism in detail (Knowledge). AS believed that playing with a concussion could be dangerous, though many had experienced a concussion themselves and not had any negative outcomes (Attitudes). AS believed they were responsible for concussion safety (Normative beliefs), but described that messaging from institutions did not emphasise the role of AS in concussion safety. AS were comfortable in their ability to engage in concussion communication (Self-efficacy), but some expressed concern that talking about concussion might not improve safety but instead result in overreport of symptoms (Controllability). In conclusion, AS have good knowledge of concussion safety, but no clear mandate from their institution to discuss concussion with youth athletes, and concerns that such communication would not improve safety. Future research should utilise these findings to improve the effectiveness of concussion educational interventions for coaches, referees and administrators.

Implementing a Novel Statewide Network to Support Emergency Department-initiated Buprenorphine Treatment.

IntroductionMedications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), including buprenorphine, represent an evidence-based treatment that supports long-term recovery and reduces risk of overdose death. Patients in crisis from opioid use disorder (OUD) often seek care from emergency departments (ED). The New York Medication for Addiction Treatment and Electronic Referrals (MATTERS) network is designed to support ED-initiated buprenorphine and urgent referrals to long-term care for patients suffering from OUD.MethodsUsing the PRECEDE-PROCEED implementation science framework, we provide an overview of the creation of the MATTERS network in Western New York. We also include an explanation of how the network was designed and launched as a response to the opioid epidemic. Finally, we analyzed the program’s outputs and outcomes, thus far, as it continues to grow across the state.ResultsThe New York MATTERS network was created and implemented in 2019 with a single hospital referring patients with OUD to three local clinics. In the social assessment and situational analysis phase, we describe the opioid epidemic and available resources in the region at the outset of the program. In the epidemiological assessment phase, we quantify the epidemic on the state and regional levels. In the educational and ecological assessment, we review local ED practices and resources. In the administrative and policy assessment and intervention alignment phase, the program’s unique framework is reviewed. In the piloting phase, we describe the initial deployment of New York MATTERS. Finally, in the process evaluation phase, we depict the early lessons we learned. By the beginning of 2021, the New York MATTERS network included 35 hospitals that refer to 47 clinics throughout New York State.ConclusionThe New York MATTERS network provides a structured approach to reduce barriers to ED-initiated buprenorphine and urgent referral to long-term care. An implementation framework provides a structured means of evaluating this best practice model.

Radiosurgery dose reduction for brain metastases on immunotherapy (RADREMI): Results of an a priori interim analysis of a multicenter phase I trial.

2013 Background: Symptomatic radiation necrosis rates in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy and concomitant single-fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) are as high as 20% (PMID: 29327059). We present updated results from the Radiosurgery Dose Reduction for Brain Metastases on Immunotherapy (RADREMI) trial following completion of an a priori interim analysis, aimed to identify reduced-dose SRS that is safe and efficacious for this patient population. Methods: RADREMI (clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04047602) is a prospective multicenter single arm Phase I trial involving patients age &gt; 18 receiving ICI with SRS for 1-10 brain metastases on MRI. Patients had biopsy-confirmed primary malignancy with disease-specific graded prognostic assessment estimated median survival of at least 6 months and no previous whole brain radiation therapy. Six-month symptomatic radiation necrosis (radiographic radiation necrosis + clinical symptoms requiring steroid administration and/or operative intervention) was the primary endpoint, based on an expected rate of 5% and a historical rate of 16%. Secondary endpoints included 6-month local control and radiographic radiation necrosis. Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology criteria defined local control; findings were compared to historical 6-month local control of 87-91% with RTOG 90-05 SRS dosing. A pre-determined interim futility analysis (based on the null hypothesis of no fewer than 15 of the first 20 patients reaching the primary endpoint achieving 6-month local control for RADREMI dosing) was performed using the Fisher’s exact test. Results: Between December 18, 2019 and September 10, 2021, 43 lesions were treated in 16 patients receiving ICI delivered within 30 days before SRS who were enrolled on trial and met the primary endpoint (median follow-up = 9.1 months). All patients received RADREMI SRS dosing (18 Gy for lesions 0-2 cm, 14 Gy for lesions 2.1-3 cm, and 12 Gy for lesions 3.1-4 cm). The most common ICI used was single-agent pembrolizumab (51% of lesions, 56% of patients), followed by single-agent nivolumab (28% of lesions, 13% of patients). The six-month rates of symptomatic and radiographic radiation necrosis were zero; the six-month local control rate was 98% per treated lesion (42/43), and 94% per treated patient (15/16), comparable to historical controls (p &gt; 0.05) and sufficient to not reject the interim futility analysis null hypothesis. Conclusions: Interim analysis reveals that the safety and efficacy of RADREMI dosing for reducing SRS dose in brain metastasis patients receiving concomitant ICI persists with excellent local control and no morbidity in a multi-institutional collaborative trial. Further results following completion of trial enrollment will provide additional evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of RADREMI SRS dosing. Clinical trial information: NCT04047602.