Adaptability Research Articles

CO28 | Cognitive, adaptive abilities and behavioral symptoms in children and adolescents with hemophilia: a pilot study

Background and Aims: Hemophilia, a complex chronic illness, poses risks to children’s cognitive, behavioral, and adaptive development. Its daily management can also increase parental stress and the likelihood of dysfunctional parenting. This pilot study aims to assess cognitive, behavioral, and adaptive functioning in children and adolescents with hemophilia, to identify early risk indicators and guide prevention and support strategies. Methods: Twelve boys aged 6–14 years (M=9.6, SD=2.4) with severe hemophilia A or B, treated per current standards, were assessed using: - Adaptive Behavior Assessment System II (Ferri et al., 2014), to evaluate adaptive skills and social adjustment capacity; - Raven’s Matrices (Raven, 2008), to assess non-verbal cognitive abilities; - Parenting Stress Index – Short Form (Abidin, 1995), to measure parental stress related to the management of chronic illness; - Questionnaire on Physical and Verbal Aggression, Prosocial Behavior, and Emotional Instability (Caprara et al., 1992), to assess emotional and behavioral characteristics. The group was divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of a neurodevelopmental disorder, and the subgroups were compared across cognitive, behavioral, and adaptive functioning domains using non-parametric Wilcoxon tests. Results: Cognitive functioning was within the normal range (M=106.4, SD=14.2). Adaptive functioning was in the low-average range (M=90.7, SD=20.9), with greater difficulties in the practical domain (M=88.2, SD=19.9). Parental stress was elevated (M=86.7, SD=75.0), especially in parental distress and perception of the child as difficult. Behavioral assessments showed moderate emotional instability and good prosocial behavior, with discrepancies between parent and child reports—particularly in perceived aggressiveness and emotional instability (linked to impulsivity and attention), which were rated higher by parents. Parents reported concerns about their child’s social adaptive behavior, especially regarding emotional instability (difficulty focusing, staying still, and self-regulating). A comparison between children with (n=6) and without (n=6) neurodevelopmental disorders revealed significantly lower adaptive scores in the former: global (M=77.7, SD=16.7, p=0.01), conceptual (M=81.2, SD=20.3, p=0.03), and social (M=79.2, SD=12.5) vs. those without disorders (global M=104.3, SD=15.5; conceptual M=106, SD=14.8; social M=108.5, SD=13.7). Differences in non-verbal IQ and practical skills were not significant. Conclusions: Children with hemophilia show preserved cognitive abilities but reduced adaptive functioning, especially in practical skills. Those with neurodevelopmental disorders are more vulnerable behaviorally and adaptively, with increased risk for ADHD and learning difficulties. Higher parental stress is associated with lower child adaptive functioning. These findings support the need for integrated care, including psychological monitoring and family support.

Evaluation of Salt Stress Tolerance in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Cultivars Under Hydroponic Conditions

Salt stress is one of the most important abiotic stress factors that significantly negatively affect plant growth and yield. This study evaluated the morphological and physiological responses of eight lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) varieties to salt stress under hydroponic conditions. The lettuce varieties were grown in an aerated hydroponic system under control (1.8 dS/m) and salt stress (6.0 dS/m) conditions. The results showed that salt stress caused significant reductions in shoot biomass, particularly compared to root biomass characteristics. The varieties with the greatest reductions in biomass parameters under salt stress conditions were Chicarita, Triplex, and Levistro, while Baeza and Cherokee produced higher biomass. Morphological characteristics such as leaf number, stem diameter, plant height, and leaf area were also significantly affected by salt stress, with leaf area—the edible part of the lettuce—being the most affected by salt stress. As with other parameters, the Baeza, Kireve, and Cherokee varieties were more stable in these parameters. The Chicarita variety again showed the lowest performance in these parameters. Leaf color parameters such as L, a*, b*, chroma, and hue angle were significantly affected by salt stress. Under salt stress conditions, the Expedition and Kireve varieties had more vibrant colors than other varieties. Chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and total chlorophyll content increased in some varieties due to salt stress, while they decreased in others. Salt stress generally increased leaf sap EC and SSC values. The effect of salt stress on fruit juice pH was not statistically significant. In conclusion, salt stress negatively affected shoot parameters in lettuce varieties, while in some varieties it caused an increase in root morphology. These differences in response to salt stress are related to stress adaptation ability, so the parameters used in this study can be used as selection criteria for lettuce or other plants. Additionally, the varieties identified as salt-tolerant in this study can be used in breeding programs aimed at growing plants under saline conditions.

Theatrical activities as a factor in the formation of historical thinking in primary school children during their study in an Orthodox Sunday school

The object of the study is the formation of historical thinking in primary school students. The subject of the study is theatrical activity as a factor in the formation of historical thinking in primary school students in the process of studying in an Orthodox Sunday school. The relevance of the work is determined by the consequences of the crisis of spirituality in the late 20th - early 21st centuries. The mass introduction of extreme liberal values led to the loss of clear spiritual guidelines for the personal development of the younger generation and the loss of awareness of the significance of historical processes and the loss of faith in the possibility of influencing them of each specific person. The article raises the problem of using the pedagogical traditions of the parish and modern Orthodox Sunday school in secular education. According to the author, theatrical activity based on the cultural principles of Christian thinking allows to level the situation of methodological uncertainty in the formation of historical thinking and a stable matrix of spiritual values of the individual in secular and Orthodox Sunday schools. The leading research methods in the work are theoretical and analytical, systemic, problem-historical, comparative analysis, which made it possible to determine the pedagogical advantages of the Orthodox Sunday school in the development of the cultural foundations of historical thinking in primary school students. As a result, the thesis is substantiated that theatrical activity based on the Christian type of thinking allows developing communicative, intellectual, adaptive abilities in primary school students. In the process of theatrical activity, the personal experience of the primary school student is enriched through comprehension, comparison on a historical scale, analysis of the actions of the Old and New Testament heroes and characters. Theatrical activity in the form of a role-playing game activates different types of memory in children (family, historical, ethnic, etc.) and contributes to the formation of historical thinking on this basis.

Vocal Course Quality Evaluation Model Using Hybrid Neural Networks and Meta-Learning Optimization

This paper proposes a vocal course quality evaluation model, DLM-Net, based on the integration of neural networks and meta-learning, to address the shortcomings of existing evaluation methods in handling data diversity and complexity. The DLM-Net model combines Deep Neural Networks (DNN), Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTM), and meta-learning optimization strategies. The DNN module extracts high-level features from audio data, the LSTM module captures temporal dependencies, and the meta-learning module enhances the model’s generalization ability. Experimental results on the GTZAN and VoxCeleb datasets show that this model significantly outperforms other comparison models in terms of Accuracy, Recall, F1-Score, and AUC. The DLM-Net model demonstrates strong adaptability and classification ability in diverse data scenarios, offering a new technological approach and research direction for vocal course quality evaluation, and making a positive contribution to the intelligent development of the education field.

Whole Genome Resequencing Reveals Origins and Global Invasion Pathways of the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica.

Invasive species are an increasing global threat given their ability to rapidly spread and adapt to novel environments. The adverse ecological and economic impacts of invasive species highlight the critical need to understand the mechanisms that underpin invasion processes and success. The Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, is an invasive pest of remarkable interest, as it feeds on hundreds of economically valuable plant species. It has been expanding outside of its native range in Japan since the first decades of the 20th century, colonising large areas of North America and, more recently, Europe. Here, we compared whole-genome resequencing data from individuals encompassing the entire species distribution to study the geographic differentiation of P. japonica populations and reconstruct expansion routes from Japan to the USA and Europe. We found six genomically distinguishable clusters, corresponding to the approximate colonisation areas at a continental scale. Our analysis supported an ancestral divergence between South and North/Central Japan, with the latter being the source of the initial invasion to the USA. Coalescent simulations supported independent bridgehead events from the USA to the Azores and Italy. We also investigated possible signals of selection to better understand the adaptive mechanisms that underlie the invasion success of P. japonica. However, the absence of strong selection signatures suggested that the beetle's adaptive ability might be embedded in pre-existing genomic features. Our comprehensive genome-wide dataset allowed a detailed inference of the invasion process and may be useful in determining the origin of P. japonica individuals in future invasion events.

Community Resistance Movement Against Mining: Case Study of the Save Sangihe Ikekendage (SSI) Movement Against PT. Tambang Mas Sangihe (TMS) in the Gold Mining Case in Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi Province for the 2020-2024 Period

This study examines the Save Sangihe Island (SSI) movement against PT. Tambang Mas Sangihe (TMS) in 2020-2024 in the case of gold mining in the Sangihe Islands Regency, North Sulawesi. The study uses the theory of contentious politics to explain the resistance of the movement. The research method uses a qualitative method to explore the social phenomenon of the SSI movement against PT. TMS by asking a number of in-depth research questions. The results of the study show that the SSI movement emerged as a response to ecological threats and violations of the right to living space due to mining policies in small island areas that should be legally protected. By using a qualitative approach and a contentious politics framework, this study analyzes how SSI builds resistance through the mobilization of social resources, elite support, litigation, collective action repertoires, and framing of resistance narratives. The findings show that SSI's success lies not only in the strength of the masses, but also in the effectiveness of strategic networks, moral legitimacy, and adaptive abilities in the face of state repression. This study contributes to strengthening the theory of contentious politics by emphasizing the importance of the interaction between political opportunities, resistance tactics, and symbolic power in fighting PT. TMS which has strong resources.

A comparative study of Iran’s doctoral nursing curriculum with the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) based on the SPICES model: integrating artificial intelligence into analysis

IntroductionUnderstanding the differences and similarities between the different curricula enhances global nursing education practices.AimThis study aimed to explore the doctoral nursing curriculum in Iran and its alignment with the standards set forth by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) using the SPICES model, which emphasizes student-centered, problem-based, integration, community-based, elective, and systematic approaches.Materials and methodsThis comparative study was conducted using the Bereday’s model in 2025. To compare two curricula based on the SPICES model, in addition to researcher analysis, data analysis using ChatGPT artificial intelligence was also used.FindingsThis study reveals that both curricula highlight the SPICES model; however, the Iranian program tends to adopt a more conventional teaching style, potentially limiting the cultivation of critical thinking and adaptive abilities needed in contemporary healthcare environments. The AACN places a greater emphasis on student-centered, experiential, inquiry-driven, and problem-solving learning compared to Iran. The AACN incorporates clinical, systems, and population health extensively, while Iran demonstrates a moderate level of integration, primarily within health-related fields. The emphasis on community is moderate in both cases, but AACN tends to prioritize public health more. AACN provides greater flexibility in its curriculum, while Iran adheres to a standardized national framework. Both adhere to a systematic approach, with Iran being somewhat more structured.ConclusionIran may benefit from adopting elements of the SPICES model, particularly in enhancing collaborative learning opportunities and incorporating technology, while the United States could strengthen its cultural competency training to better prepare nurses for diverse patient populations. This mutual learning could significantly enhance nursing education efficacy in both countries.

Rhodotorula sp. as a promising host for microbial cell factories.

Rhodotorula sp. as a promising host for microbial cell factories.

Attributes of technology-based start-up founders

This research investigates the expression of founder attributes within technology-based start-ups (TBS) in relation to diverse organizational characteristics, including age, size, and industry classification. Through an examination of the alignment between these attributes and the four fundamental dimensions of the founder's attribute framework, this study aims to evaluate the influence of firm age, firm size, and type of industry on the entrepreneurial characteristics of founders. This study explored the entrepreneurial traits of technology-focused start-ups in Chongqing, China, using a quantitative approach. The research involved surveying 240 founders or co-founders of start-ups that had been in operation for 1–20 years, ensuring statistical reliability through Cochran's formula. The data were rigorously analyzed with descriptive statistics and one-way ANOVA to explore the relationships between various entrepreneurial attributes. The findings reveal that while attributes such as customer orientation and feedback mechanisms consistently emerge as significant, traits like childlike curiosity and founder drive demonstrate lower levels of expression. Moreover, it was determined that firm age, firm size, and industry type exert minimal influence on the manifestation of these attributes, indicating that founder characteristics, including resilience, intellectual adaptability, and problem-solving abilities, are more pivotal to the success of TBS than external determinants. The results underscore the necessity of nurturing particular attributes, such as curiosity and drive, to promote sustained innovation and adaptability, irrespective of the firm's developmental stage or sectoral context. In light of these findings, it is advised that TBS founders participate in developmental initiatives aimed at enhancing these vital qualities, thereby ensuring that their enterprises remain competitive and responsive to the demands of the marketplace.

Trajectory Planning of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Complex Environments Based on Intelligent Algorithm

In recent years, effective trajectory planning has been developed to promote the extensive application of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in various domains. However, the actual operation of UAVs in complex environments presents significant challenges to their trajectory planning, particularly in maintaining task reliability and ensuring safety. To overcome these challenges, this review presents a comprehensive summary of various trajectory planning techniques currently applied to UAVs based on the emergence of intelligent algorithms, which enhance the adaptability and learning ability of UAVs and offer innovative solutions for their application in complex environments. Firstly, the characteristics of different UAV types, including fixed-wing, multi-rotor UAV, single-rotor UAV, and tilt-rotor UAV, are introduced. Secondly, the key constraints of trajectory planning in complex environments are summarized. Thirdly, the research trend from 2010 to 2024, together with the implementation, advantages, and existing problems of machine learning, evolutionary algorithms, and swarm intelligence, are compared. Based on these algorithms, the related applications of UAVs in complex environments, including transportation, inspection, and other tasks, are summarized. Ultimately, this review provides practical guidance for developing intelligent trajectory planning methods for UAVs to achieve the minimal amount of time spent on computation, efficient dynamic collision avoidance, and superior task completion ability.

Anxiety Self-Report in Autistic Adolescents With Intellectual Disability: Predictors of Parent-Youth Agreement.

The use of self-report to assess anxiety in adolescents with intellectual disability (ID) is notably underexplored. This study examined the impact of youth-level factors (i.e., age, verbal and cognitive ability, adaptive skills) on anxiety self-report completion and parent-youth agreement among 72 autistic adolescents with ID. We also examined if parent accommodation behaviors, such as reassurance or routine modification, served as predictors of parent-youth agreement of anxiety. Results showed that 83% of adolescents completed the self-report measure, with verbal, cognitive, and adaptive ability predicting completion. Parental accommodation predicted parent-youth agreement on physical anxiety symptoms, but not global anxiety symptoms. Youth-level factors did not significantly predict agreement. Results highlight the need for expanded assessment approaches for assessing anxiety in youth with ID.

Prevention of deviations by means of forming social behavior of students

The article deals with the peculiarities of formation of social behavior of schoolchildren, the importance of mechanisms of self-regulation of behavior. It is connected with a wide range of deviations, widespread in the modern school environment. The prevention of deviations is the main component in the formation of a stable life position of a personality. The development of schoolchildren’s social skills is an actual direction of socio-pedagogical work, as the main task of global competence formation is to increase the effectiveness of social skills and functional literacy of students. The aim of the article is to study the application of social and pedagogical technologies, in particular, the creation of a constructive environment as an important tool for shaping the social behavior of school students. The authors propose a training program for 6–10-year-old children to develop their social competence; a thematic plan of lessons with specific recommendations for their organization and implementation is given. The integrated use of methodological approaches (theory of individuality development, dispositions, situational theory, behavioral approach to the definition of deviant behavior) allowed the authors to devise methods to develop adaptive abilities and ensure social competence of personality through the development of self-regulation mechanisms.

Sleep Deprivation Does Not Affect Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Gain but Deteriorates Vestibular Adaptation Ability?

To assess the effect of acute sleep deprivation on the physiologic, adaptive, and behavioral properties of vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) compared with a full night's sleep. Seventeen volunteers (age range 32 to 42 years, 7 females) were recruited into this crossover study and evaluated for 2 nights, first after normal sleep, and then after 24 hours of sleep deprivation. Tests included physiological VOR assessments by means of the Video Head Impulse Test in four random conditions consisting of far and near targets and performed with active (self-induced) and passive head movements. The adaptation ratio was calculated as the amount of change between VOR gains in near- and far-target conditions (near-VOR gain/far-VOR gain × 100). Behavioral VOR was evaluated by a computerized dynamic visual acuity test. Fourteen participants completed the protocol (age range 34 to 42 years, 5 females). The VOR gain did not change following sleep deprivation for the passive head rotations or any of the tested conditions (paired t test >0.05). The VOR gain increased significantly in the middle of the night during the sleep deprivation: far-target-passive impulse (analysis of variance [ANOVA] F = 8.67, p = 0.001, 9 p.m. to 2 a.m.p = 0.001 post hoc); near-target active-impulse (ANOVA F = 4.66, p = 0.019, 2 a.m. to 6 a.m.p = 0.021 post hoc). The magnitude of VOR gain adaptation significantly reduced 7.1% after sleep deprivation for active head rotation (repeated measure ANOVA F = 5.212, p = 0.013). Measures of the behavioral VOR (difference between static and dynamic visual acuity) was not different between conditions (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, p value >0.05). Sleep deprivation reduced adaptative capacity of the VOR gain without affecting the physiologic or behavioral function of the VOR. The increase in VOR gain during the night might be explained by circadian rhythm involvement.

Differences in Social Relationship Difficulties in Nursing Students

Background: Difficulty in establishing social relationships is a significant issue that can negatively impact the psychological well-being of nursing students. Often feeling isolated, withdrawing from the social environment, and experiencing decreased academic motivation are difficulties that usually arise in students. Various factors contribute to this condition, including pressure to be accepted in certain social groups, such as trying to adjust appearance or behavior to be accepted by the environment, which actually triggers stress and identity crises. Understanding the background and causal factors to the differences in the level of social difficulties in nursing students is very important in efforts to improve psychological well-being and support the academic success of nursing students. Purpose: To determine the differences in social relationship difficulties in students at different levels of the diploma program in nursing. Methods: The study used an analytical survey design with a comparative approach. The research sample consisted of 642 respondents from students of the diploma program in nursing at Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh and was obtained through a total sampling technique. The instrument used to measure the level of difficulty in social relationships was The Revised Cheek and Buss Shyness Scale (RCBS), which has been proven valid and reliable in measuring the level of individual personality. Data analysis was carried out using the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare differences in the level of difficulty in social relationships based on the group of variables studied. Results: Based on the results of statistical tests using the Kruskall Wallis test, it shows that the p-value is 0.01 (<0.05), which indicates that there is a significant difference in the average difficulty of social relationships in students between levels of the diploma program in nursing at Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh. Conclusion: There is a significant difference in the level of difficulty of social relations between students based on the level of the diploma program in nursing at Poltekkes Kemenkes Aceh, which shows that the level of education is related to students' social adaptation abilities.

Automatic mesh generation for electromagnetic simulation on complex industry products

PurposeThis paper aims to develop a novel scheme for automatically generating high-quality tetrahedral meshes for electromagnetic simulations on complex industrial products, even in the presence of geometric defects.Design/methodology/approachThis paper substantially revises and improves three techniques namely cut-and-fix, sphere-packing and small polyhedron reconnection (SPR) and integrates them into a novel scheme. The scheme involves three key steps: first, repairing models with geometric defects using an enhanced cut-and-fix technique; second, applying sphere-packing to place nodes that capture the feature sizes of the model and finally, performing a standard Delaunay triangulation of these nodes, followed by boundary recovery and mesh quality improvement using SPR.FindingsThe revised cut-and-fix method focuses on surface smoothness and effectively avoids the rough surfaces generated during the global tetrahedron optimization process. The revised sphere-packing method has the ability for meshing size adaptation and is suitable for electromagnetic simulations. It also helps to integrate cut-and-fix, sphere-packing and SPR skillfully into a novel meshing scheme.Originality/valueNumerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method for meshing various types of electromagnetic simulation models, highlighting its excellent performance.

CONTEMPORARY ETHICAL ISSUES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE / АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ИСКУССТВЕННОГО ИНТЕЛЛЕКТА

The article “Contemporary Ethical Issues of Artificial Intelligence” highlights the core problem of how the concepts of ethics and artificial intelligence relate to one another. In the context of artificial intelligence, it explores how the moral norms present in a given socio-cultural environment can be aligned with the ethical algorithms embedded in artificial information systems. The article emphasizes the idea that if a moral norm is individualized in certain expressions, it becomes difficult to design a unified algorithm that would adequately correspond to every individual's moral-ethical stance in diverse socio-cultural situations. When applying the capabilities of artificial intelligence at all levels of managerial activity, the focus should remain on the human being as a bio-psycho-social phenomenon, their full adaptation possibilities and abilities.

The histidine kinase PhpA regulates the biocontrol activity of Pseudomonas bijieensis 2P24 through the Gac/Rsm signaling pathway.

Histidine kinases in rhizosphere bacteria regulate physiological behaviors through two-component systems (TCSs) in response to environmental cues. The RetS-GacS/GacA multikinase network is critical for 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (2,4-DAPG) production and biocontrol activity in Pseudomonas bijieensis 2P24. However, the involvement of additional histidine kinases in this regulatory pathway remains unclear. Genetic assay showed a mutation in phpA significantly reduced the expression of small non-coding RNAs RsmY and RsmZ, thereby attenuating the expression of phlA and diminishing 2,4-DAPG production of strain 2P24. Bacterial two-hybrid assay demonstrated that PhpA interacted with RetS and GacS to influence the function of RetS and GacS. Additionally, PhpA modulated diverse cellular processes, including environmental information processes, genetic information processes, and secondary metabolism. Collectively, these findings indicate that PhpA is a pivotal component of the RetS-GacS/GacA signaling network, highlighting its role in fine-tuning bacterial adaptation and biocontrol ability in P. bijieensis. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

Optimizing Hybrid AI Models with Reinforcement Learning for Complex Problem Solving

Hybrid AI models have gained significant attention due to their ability to combine the strengths of multiple artificial intelligence techniques, such as deep learning, evolutionary algorithms, and reinforcement learning (RL), to solve complex, real-world problems. This research explores the optimization of hybrid AI models with reinforcement learning to enhance their problem-solving capabilities in diverse domains, including robotics, healthcare, and autonomous systems. The proposed methodology integrates deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with genetic algorithms (GA) and neural networks to create adaptive models capable of learning from both supervised data and interactive environments. Through this integration, the hybrid models can optimize their decision-making processes over time, balancing exploration and exploitation to maximize performance. The optimization process involves tuning the parameters of the reinforcement learning agent, such as the learning rate, discount factor, and exploration-exploitation ratio, to achieve the best possible outcome. Experimental results demonstrate that the hybrid AI model outperforms traditional single-algorithm approaches in terms of efficiency and accuracy. Specifically, in a robotic task optimization problem, the hybrid model achieved a 25% improvement in task completion time compared to standalone deep learning models. In a healthcare diagnosis scenario, the hybrid model showed a 15% increase in diagnostic accuracy, significantly reducing false positives and negatives. Furthermore, the optimization led to a 30% reduction in the training time compared to models that did not incorporate reinforcement learning. The findings indicate that combining reinforcement learning with other AI techniques can significantly enhance the adaptability, efficiency, and problem-solving abilities of AI models. This research provides a foundation for developing more sophisticated hybrid AI systems for complex, dynamic environments.

Assessing Climate Change and Wildfire’s Impact on Tourism Sustainability and Resilience

This paper examines the mounting threats to sustainability and resilience of international tourist destinations resulting from climate change and the increasing frequency of wildfires. The primary focus of this investigation is examining environmental risks and stability of tourist systems while focusing on ecological, economic, and social aspects. Researchers measured industry weaknesses and response plans through qualitative research involving extensive field investigations in wilderness wildfire-prone zones. The researcher collects secondary data and examines case studies that undergo thematic analysis to uncover impact and resistance patterns. Research demonstrates that wildfires cause severe damage to fundamental infrastructure combined with disturbances that limit visitor access and diminish tourism attractions. The adaptation solutions for tourism development include service diversification, early warning systems, and sustainable land management programs involving the community. Investigative research provides touristic establishments with means to enhance their environmental adaptation abilities and deepen their knowledge of climate conditions as regards travel. The research helps expand sustainability dialogues about tourism development in stressful climates by showing management challenges and adaptable solutions that guide climate resilience implementation for politicians, planners, and tourism operators during planning processes. Protective measures for tourist resources and sustainability advancements become possible through preventive measures established by this system.

The role of ego-resilience in a group of Polish men during the COVID-19 pandemic

Introduction and objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on peoples’ mental health. The literature is abundant with studies describing levels of aggression, anxiety, and alcohol consumption during 2020–2021. However, it is noteworthy that little attention has been paid to the responses of men to the pandemic. The aim of this study was to assess adaptive abilities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic among a group of Polish men. Particular focus was placed on the role of ego-resiliency. Materials and methods: The study utilised an online survey conducted in two periods: 24 April to 8 May 2020 and 5 February to 6 March 2022. Participants included 125 men aged 18–66 in the first period and 136 men aged 18–57 in the second period. The survey included the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Ego-Resiliency Scale. Results: In the second phase of the study, anxiety showed a stronger negative correlation with ego-resiliency. Ego-resiliency was also correlated with hostility and generalised aggression. However, correlations between verbal aggression and resilience were weaker in the second period. Resilience showed comparable correlations with alcohol consumption, physical aggression, and anger in both periods. Conclusions: Ego-resiliency emerged as a protective factor against anxiety, anger, and hostility during the COVID-19 pandemic among the studied groups of men. It appears to be a stable and integral part of personality, unaffected by the pandemic period. The role of mental resilience in relation to verbal aggression remains unclear.