Organizational Activities Research Articles

Engaged Onlooking: How Organisational Identification Shapes Public Condoning of Corporate Corruption

ABSTRACTWe examine how social identity processes shape condoning of organisational corruption among onlookers. Two studies examined the willingness of outside observers to condone, or else condemn, corrupt actions of real organisations, a process we call ‘engaged onlookership’ building on the social identity approach to engaged followership. In both Study 1 (cross‐sectional) and Study 2 (experimental), we found that identification with a company guilty of malfeasance and identification with the monitoring agency who uncovered their scandal independently predicted opposing effects on condoning corruption, even while controlling for moral identity and demographic factors. These findings were then replicated and extended in Study 3 that made several methodological improvements upon previous studies. Results provided additional evidence of an indirect effect of the manipulation on condoning corruption through company identification. These findings provide support for an engaged onlookership model of corruption which posits that onlookers are more likely to endorse morally problematic behaviour when they believe it is performed by, and in the interests of, an organisation with which they identify.

Self-regulation and socially responsible business: points of contact

The business environment is changing rapidly. The practice of adhering to the principles of socially responsible business is becoming more widespread every year (the number of companies that share and implement such practices is growing rapidly). Of course, in addition to changes in the worldview of business owners and management, external factors, including certain extraordinary events, also contribute to this. Businesses demonstrate the ability to self-regulate their activities and the need for further sectoral unification. The article aims to study the relationship between self-regulation and socially responsible business. The author analyses the specifics of the activities of self-regulatory organisations, which are a classic manifestation of self-regulation. The article analyses the provisions of the Memorandum of Intent to create a favourable environment, develop fair competition in the Ukrainian petroleum products market and meet consumer needs for the period of quarantine and restrictions; the Memorandum on ensuring stable operation of the food supply chain in Ukraine under martial law; and the Memorandum on bank lending for energy infrastructure rehabilitation projects. It is substantiated that memoranda (declarations) of market participants are one of the forms of self-regulation that set out additional obligations and/or new rules of conduct. The author also considers self-regulatory local acts of business entities (declarations of integrity, rules for verification of counterparties, codes of ethics, etc.), which are also part of the concept of self-regulation. The author provides a classification of self-regulation in the context of socially responsible business. The study proves that self-regulation is one of the principles of socially responsible management. It is noted that only companies that adhere to high standards of socially responsible behaviour can demonstrate the ability of business to self-regulate. It is also noted that initiative is one of the key elements of socially responsible business behaviour.

Membangun Generasi Muda Toleran: Penguatan Moderasi Beragama di Desa Multi Agama

This community service activity explores the practice of religious moderation in Nanganesa Village, focusing on young people. Observation of the problem is pointed by the increasing activity of youth religious organizations but the lack of relations and interactions between organizations and young people of different religions in Nanganesa Village. The service was conducted using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach to examine religious moderation practices in the village. Through questionnaires and focus group discussions (FGD), the team identified strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in fostering religious moderation at the local level. The study results indicate that strong social bonds, environmental support, and the active role of religious leaders are factors that promote tolerance. Nonetheless, the influence of social media and the lack of interfaith activities pose challenges that need to be addressed. The socialization of religious moderation aims to strengthen bonds of tolerance among youth of different faiths and their ability to resist extreme and radical ideologies in religion. This community engagement activity should be continued with follow-up efforts, such as strengthening tolerance education, media and technology literacy for young people through their respective religious organizations and increasing cross-organizational activities that can accommodate young people from various religions to strengthen religious moderation among young people.

PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS OF THE OBJECTS OF THE GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS: CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS

The article highlights the experience of creating, applying and developing a digital twin of the gas distribution system of the Republic of Belarus. The effect of using IT technologies in the field of gas supply as an integral part of the overall engineering infrastructure of the country is shown. The principles of the construction and functioning of the existing set of software tools that ensure the production activities of gas supply organizations and the management apparatus of GPO "Beltopgaz" are described. Scientific and methodological approaches to the creation of predictive analytics tools for objects of the gas distribution system of the Republic of Belarus are formulated.

Regulation of mark-up on medicine prices in Zimbabwe: a pilot survey from 92 community pharmacies in the metropolitan area of Harare

BackgroundMedicine pricing in the community pharmacy sector in Zimbabwe significantly influences accessibility to health care. In this pilot survey, we investigated how community pharmacies in Zimbabwe apply various mark-up strategies to essential and non-essential medicines, and gathered community pharmacists’ perspectives on mark-up regulation.MethodsUsing an adapted methodology endorsed by the World Health Organization and Health Action International for studying medicine prices and availability, we conducted a quantitative cross-sectional pilot survey for 46 medicines (31 essential and 15 non-essential) identified using the Zimbabwe Essential Medicines List and classified according to the Vital, Essential, and Non-essential (VEN) tool. We conducted the pilot survey in 92 community pharmacies in the metropolitan area of Harare, Zimbabwe. ResultsWe gathered a total of 92 responses from 167 distributed questionnaires. The most prevalent mark-up strategy was the cost-plus fixed percentage.The median mark-up for all medicines in the community pharmacies was 60% (interquartile range 50- 82%). We found a statistically significant difference in the median mark-up by essentiality of medicines (p < 0.001), essential medicines had a median mark-up price of 62% while non-essential medicines had a mark-up of 56%. Antipsychotics had the highest mark-up at 82%, while anti-neoplastic medicine had the lowest at 36%. Overall, 55% of the community pharmacists did not support mark-up regulation.ConclusionMark-up strategies varied across community pharmacies in the metropolitan area of Harare. Without mark-up regulation, essential medicines remain significantly expensive in Zimbabwe. We recommend mark-up regulation in Zimbabwe’s community pharmacy sector and emphasize the effective use of multiple pricing strategies to reduce medicine prices. .

SDIR Mathematical Approach with Time Delay Factor to Reveal Indonesian Students' Interest in Government Organizations and Internships: A Case in FMIPA UNM

This study is to build a time-delay SDIR model on the case of student interest in Organizations and Government Internship Programs, analyze the model and conduct a model simulation to predict the level of student interest cases in Organizations. This study is a theoretical and applied study. Analysis of the time-delay SDIR model of the case of student interest in Organizations, while the model simulation uses Maple Software. The population of the study was active students of FMIPA UNM, with a sample size of 1029 students obtained using the Sloving technique. The results of this study are a mathematical model of SDIR on the case of student interest in Organizations which is a system of differential equations. The model analysis provides a value of the free equilibrium point of the case of student interest in Organizations and a stable endemic equilibrium point. The results also found that the basic reproduction number value for cases without a solution would produce R0n = 9.912507841, which means that in social cases where one individual can influence 9-10 people in their environment to hesitate to participate in organizational activities or internship programs, but on the other hand if the case is given a solution, it will produce R0s = 0.2737372211, which means that there is no psychological spread, where each individual does not influence other individuals.

Learning From Mistakes in Project-based Organizations

Knowledge sharing and learning play a pivotal role in improving performance in organizations. Organizational activities such as projects provide the necessary arena for creating new knowledge (knowledge exploration) as well as sharing of existing, well-proven solutions (knowledge exploitation). This can lead organizations to increase their productivity, innovation and profitability. Sustainable competitive advantage can also be gained by being keen on knowledge sharing and learning, since focusing on continuous learning and improvement can make organizations as learning organizations. Learning organizations, which are characterized as having a genuine interest, willingness and ability to learn and improve continuously, can effectively deal with typical organizational phenomena such as changes and uncertainty both reactively and pro-actively. As a result, they can quickly adapt to and master changing environments. This paper will look at the topic of learning from mistakes in an organizational context. “To err is human” – As the idiom points out how natural it is to make mistakes, organizations too are prone to make mistakes. Though mistakes can be seen as natural in organizations, it is important to look at how the person who has made a mistake as well as other relevant people can learn from the mistake. Learning from a mistake helps to avoid doing the same mistake in the future and hence contribute to save time, energy and cost. It can also trigger to find a correct or better alternative way / solution to deal with the situation at hand, resulting in providing opportunities for single- or double-loop learning. This paper will focus on (1) identifying barriers that hinder learning from own mistakes and sharing that knowledge with others and (2) how to facilitate learning from mistakes and sharing that knowledge with others in project-based organizations. The study on which this paper is based, uses qualitative research method. Data have been collected through conducting interviews with Norwegian public organizations.

Psicologia amazonense no enfrentamento da pandemia: ações de organização, prevenção e resposta

A pandemia do novo coronavírus tem sido um dos maiores desastres das últimas décadas, um problema de saúde pública global. Tendo em vista que a atuação da psicologia das emergências e desasastes é essencial no apoio e suporte psicossocial, o estudo buscou mapear ações de saúde mental promovidas por duas instituições públicas de ensino superior do Amazonas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa multissituada a partir da análise de documentos públicos pautados em eixos: organização, prevenção e resposta. Percebeu-se o compromisso social e contínuo das instituições no trabalho de ações em rede de forma ética, política e solidária no contexto de colapso dos serviços de saúde estadual.

Biophilic – a modern Trend in Design

The aim of the study is an influential trend in architecture and design called biophilia, which contributed to the formation of the style of a new type of biophilic design. The phenomenon called biophilia can be traced in the development of human civilization, from antiquity to the present day. However, it was only in the twentieth century that it became scientifically understood and formalized. Only in our days has biophilia become a conscious, purposeful and organized practical activity of man. It is in our days that "biophilic design" was born, which organically and logically fits into the so-called "green movement" and the world policy of sustainable development. The historiography of the topic presents authors who introduced the concepts of biophilia and biophilic design and the corresponding terms into scientific and practical circulation. Historical examples of early biophilic design are given. The reasons for the activation of biophilic design in the modern world and its development within the framework of the "green movement" are explained. The practice of biophilic design, its benefits for a person on a physical and emotional level are described. Using individual examples from contemporary residential and public interiors, urban environments and, on an even larger scale, entire cities, it is shown that this new specific type of design is a very relevant trend at the present time. As a result, it is concluded that, given the development of the modern urban environment and the deepening global climate, environmental and energy problems, biophilic design will become increasingly relevant in the future.

Profiles of Primary School Children's Sports Participation and Their Motor Competencies.

Children participate in various organized and informal physical activities (PAs) in their leisure time, presenting diverse objectives and environments for motor and social development. However, current research often focuses on specific, mostly organized activities, overlooking the complexity of participation across different settings. This study aimed to (1) identify groups of children with similar characteristics based on their participation in five organized and informal sports activities and (2) examine how the groups differ regarding gender, age, BMI, motor competencies (MCs), and attendance in institutionalized care at school. The study included n = 1717 1st and 2nd graders (M = 7.60 years, SD = 0.59, 50.7% girls) and n = 1319 3rd and 4th graders (M = 9.46 years, SD = 0.57, 49.4% girls) from the "EMOKK" study, funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. Data were collected via parent questionnaires on leisure sports participation, and MCs were assessed using MOBAK-1-2 and 3-4 tests. Latent profile analyses (LPAs) and univariate ANOVAs were used to identify group differences. A three-profile LPA model best fits the data, revealing differences in participation across individual and team sports, optional school sports, free play on the school playground, and informal activities during leisure time. Children involved more in team sports (profiles: allrounder and very active sportsperson) participate more in informal play and present better MCs than children participating mainly in individual sports (profile: individual sportsperson). Girls were predominantly in the individual sports profile, while boys were more evenly spread across all groups. These findings highlight the importance of designing targeted interventions that promote participation in both organized and informal sports, particularly for children with lower levels of PA. Children show different patterns of engagement in different interrelated organized and informal leisure PA contexts. These specific patterns and the children's MCs should be taken into account for the targeted promotion of PAs during leisure time.

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF FINANCIAL POSITION ASSESSMENT IN COMMERCIAL ORGANIZATIONS

The evaluation of the financial position has traditionally been carried out by the results of the commercial activities of organizations and basically pursued private interests. Business partners made investment plans based on such assessments, analyzed partner risks and considered the competitive positions of commercial organizations in the market. However, currently commercial organizations are considered not only from the point of view of financial stability, but also from the point of view of the social responsibility of their activities to the public, and the existing international standards require the publication of combined financial reports, which assess financial risks of public interest. The article proposes new approaches to assessing the financial position of organizations in the context of corporate social responsibility.

VRIO Analysis in Developing Branding Strategies for Egg-Based Food Products as Souvenirs from Blitar – Local Perspective

Blitar is rich in tourism potential. The local economy stands to benefit significantly from tourism, creating job opportunities and enhancing community development. Blitar's position as a major egg producer offers unique opportunities for developing egg-based souvenirs. However, challenges include identifying appealing products and effective branding strategy is required to enhance the marketability of these products, fostering economic growth and tourism in the region. This study utilizes a mixed-method approach to explore consumer perceptions of egg-based processed products in Blitar, combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews of business actors. A survey of 61 respondents gathered measurable data on consumer preferences and factors influencing purchasing decisions. In-depth interviews provided insights into marketing strategies and challenges faced by producers. The study employs descriptive statistics and VRIO analysis to develop effective branding strategies for promoting processed egg products as signature souvenirs from. The analysis reveals that respondents indicating higher interest in egg-based products as souvenirs from Blitar as food significantly influences their choice of tourist destinations, with a strong preference for local ingredients. However, awareness of Blitar’s egg production potential is low, leading to limited appeal for egg-based products. The VRIO analysis shows organizational weaknesses hinder competitive advantage despite valuable product features. Effective branding strategies tailored to consumer expectations are crucial for market success. Enhancing product awareness and education through organized action can further strengthen the appeal of these culinary offerings in tourism.

Features of Credit Institutions Carrying out Activities in the Field of AML/CFT/PWF in the Context of the Application of Sanctions and Counter-Sanctions

The article analyzes the impact of sanctions and counter-sanctions on the procedure and standards of banking services, including on the implementation of credit organizations activities in the field of AML/CFT/PWF. Based on the study of relevant legal acts adopted by authorized Russian bodies and domestic legal doctrine, the author shows that in the current situation of inconsistency between applied models of legal regulation and the established principles of regulation of banking relations, credit organizations are forced to revise their previously successfully tested standards and ethical models of customer service. Therefore, the optimal procedure for the normative consolidation of anti-money laundering procedures in the context of the implementation of counter-sanctions have been determined. The trends in sanction (counter-sanction) compliance and aspects of its interaction with financial monitoring in credit organizations are considered, and a form of formalization of the sanctions (counter-sanction) compliance policy in credit organizations is proposed.

CONDUCTING AN INDUSTRIAL SAFETY AUDIT AT OIL AND GAS FACILITIES

In modern conditions, it has become necessary to partially shift responsibilities for supervision and control of industrial safety without deterioration of quality from the state to business. Large-scale oil and gas companies have a great demand for an independent assessment of industrial safety at hazardous production facilities, due to a significant increase in financial costs for eliminating the consequences of accidents at hazardous production facilities of I and II hazard classes. The state is interested in controlling a new type of activity and expanding the regulatory framework for industrial safety. President of the Russian Federation Vladimir V. Putin signed Federal Law No. 637-FZ dated December 25, 2023, which amends the Federal Law «On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities» and some other legislative acts. One of the key innovations is the introduction of the Institute for Audit of Industrial Safety Management Systems. This article analyzes the best existing practices of conducting industrial safety audits in large-scale oil and gas companies of the Russian Federation. Particular emphasis was placed on identifying the advantages and positive aspects of implementing such activities in organizations like Rosneft, Gazprom and Lukoil. The issues of assessing the compliance of hazardous production facilities in the oil and gas complex with the requirements of legislation in the field of industrial safety by conducting an industrial safety audit were raised. The purpose of the work is to develop a step-by-step algorithm for conducting an industrial safety audit for oil and gas facilities. The industrial safety audit algorithm includes four steps: preparation for the audit, documentary analysis, full-scale audit, and registration of the results. The result of an industrial safety audit is an audit report drawn up at the final meeting of auditors and customers, based on documentary and in-kind inspections. This document is necessary for the management of the enterprise and the supervisory authorities of the Russian Federation. Industrial safety audit provides a number of significant advantages that help organizations to identify deviations from mandatory requirements established in the field of industrial safety. This makes it possible to detect violations in a timely manner and promptly take the necessary corrective measures to eliminate the identified problems. As a result, effective audit contributes to improving the overall safety level at enterprises, preventing possible risks and reducing the possibility of emergencies.

Analysis of factors of students' psychological readiness for social entrepreneurship

Introduction. Student's psychological readiness for social entrepreneurship takes place mainly at the university. This process is influenced by factors of different levels and types. Aim. Based on the analysis of scientific sources, to determine the levels and characteristics of the factors in students' psychological readiness for social entrepreneurship. Methods. Theoretical analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific literature on the research problem. Results. Students' psychological readiness for social entrepreneurship is influenced by macro-, meso- and micro-level factors. The macro-level factors include non-psychological factors (legal support for social entrepreneurship; social activities of non-governmental organizations; tax policy and economic freedom; state regulation of social entrepreneurship development) and psychological factors (students' knowledge of the role of social entrepreneurship and attitudes towards it; Ukrainians' war-related values and the need for work for victory). The meso-level factors include non-psychological factors (support of international programs; digital transformation of education and social entrepreneurship; close cooperation with university stakeholders and promotion of social entrepreneurship) and psychological factors (organizational development and organizational culture of the university). The micro-level factors include non-psychological factors (students' social and demographic characteristics; students' organizational and professional characteristics) and psychological factors (students' economic and psychological characteristics). Conclusions. Students' psychological readiness for social entrepreneurship is influenced by three-level factors, which can be both psychological and non-psychological. The knowledge of the macro-level factors can be helpful in understanding the general trends and the role of various stakeholders in the development of social entrepreneurship, as well as in developing social awareness and values of social entrepreneurship and spreading its positive experience. The meso-level factors are related to the work and atmosphere of the university as an educational organization. The meso-level factors are related to the work and organizational culture of the university, while the micro-level factors are about students' personal characteristics and experience.

Entangled Amid Misaligned Seams: Limitations to Technology-Mediated Care for Repairing Infrastructural Breakdowns in a Youth Empowerment Program

The COVID-19 pandemic broke down the human infrastructure of many community-based programs, disrupting in-person care services for low-resourced families. Yet, minimal work has explored how actors repair these breakdowns and how other infrastructures may interfere with repairs in such contexts. Interviewing adolescents and adults affiliated with a youth empowerment program, we used the pandemic to examine how a human infrastructure that previously facilitated a sense of community broke down and how members attempted to repair this infrastructure. While organized activities, resources, and interpersonal interactions aligned to facilitate in-person care that established a sense of community, incorporating information and communication technologies to align a sociotechnical infrastructure during social restrictions could not overcome multiple constraints imposed by other infrastructures that limited this sense of community. We discuss limitations to care and aligning together multiple disjointed infrastructures, calling for CSCW researchers to critically consider asset-based design as a methodology that might help sustain a community's well-being.

The Method of Measuring the Occupancy of the Radio Frequency Spectrum, Varying According to the Daily Cycle

Relevance. Management of the use of the radio frequency spectrum requires taking into account the actual occupancy of radio channels and frequency bands. However, the patterns of occupancy change underlying the International Telecommunication Union (ITU-R) Radiocommunication Sector documents do not fully meet the needs of practice. Some of the ITU-R recommendations are focused on estimating local occupancy for short time intervals; other recommendations involve measurements in stationary radio channels, although only a small part of real radio channels can be counted on to have the constant occupancy throughout the time axis. At the same time, the activities of many organizations, and therefore the resources they use, are subject to a daily cycle of activity, which allows us to recommend for consideration a model of occupancy change in accordance with the daily cycle. The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for collecting information and forming an estimate of the daily occupancy change for the analyzed radio channels. Methods used. The development of recommendations for the collection of data for occupancy monitoring is based on the practical approaches of radio monitoring services and classical methods of statistical analysis. Novelty. In this paper, a new model for changing the occupancy of radio frequency channels in accordance with the daily cycle is proposed for use, as well as a statistically justified method for measuring occupancy.Result. The proposed methodology allows us to obtain a practically oriented assessment of occupancy changes, which does not require replacing the fleet of equipment traditionally used by radio monitoring services; the necessary changes can be implemented with relatively simple software modification. The paper provides preliminary recommendations for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of measurements, based on a traditionally used mathematical apparatus, which involves limiting the relative measurement error. This entails the need for very long measurements for the most important low-occupied radio channels. So, it is necessary to look for alternative measurement accuracy requirements that would meet the real needs of radio monitoring services.Practical significance. The acceptance of the developed methodology will eliminate the currently existing contradiction between the theoretical provisions underlying the ITU recommendations and the practice of conducting radio-controlled measurements.

Air Transport Organization: Competitiveness, Globalization, and Innovation

Introduction. Effective organization of air transportation is the basis of strengthening the positions of airlines in the international air transport system in the conditions of deepening globalization processes of aviation activity.Problem Statement. It is a priority direction for the development of aviation activities within the framework of the concept of the state's transport policy, which ensures the safety of passengers and the transparency of territorial and industrial relations in the conditions of constant changes in the economic environment of the national economy.Purpose. Research of the current state of aviation activity, ensuring the effective organization of air transportation in the transport system and interrelated branches of the national economy.Materials and Мethods. A dialectical-materialist approach, induction and deduction, abstraction and concretization, formalization and analogy have been employed. Statistical documents of international organizations, private and state institutions, publications of research by domestic and foreign researchers have been used as reference material.Results. Five elements of the organization of air transportation at the global level are highlighted: the largest specific weight of passenger transportation in the structure of aviation activity; the aviation industry is promising, which is gradually expanding the boundaries of its niche in the world transport market; the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the aviation industry, changing the centers of economic gravity; active activity of global aviation organizations and associations, which covers most countries of the world; development of a regulatory and legal framework of a global level and global standardization of aviation activities. The challenges of the aviation industry, which arise at the global level, have been characterized.Conclusions. The key prospects for the development of the global aviation industry based on innovative activities are: the latest types of aviation fuel aimed at environmental safety; targeting new layers of potential customers; growth of jobs in the aviation industry; compliance with the accuracy of the departure/arrival schedule; smart service and flight safety.

“Water is life … the problem is there’s only one tap”: A culture-centered and necrocapitalist inquiry to communicating health and water

ABSTRACT This paper records knowledge from below around the overlaps between health, water, and health interventions emerging from rural communities located in North 24 Parganas and Purulia in West Bengal. Using the culture-centered approach and necrocapitalism, this essay documents the localocentric stories from the subaltern communities disproportionately impacted by water insecurity. Based on data collected during a seven-week field study, a critical thematic analysis of the data reveals how research participants with minoritized caste and low-income backgrounds routinely challenge, disrupt, and re-organize the dominant frames of health, water, and health interventions as articulated by local–global organizational actors. Additionally, research participant narratives make visible how they navigate social, cultural, institutional, and capitalist structures that adversely affect water security and their health.

ANALYSIS OF THE EVALUATION OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF RADIATION SAFETY CULTURE AT RSIY PDHI

Government Regulation Number 45 of 2023 concerning Ionizing Radiation Safety and Radioactive Substance Safety states that every activity related to the use of nuclear energy must pay attention to radiation safety by building and developing a safety culture in all organizational activities. In addition, radiation workers and other personnel related to the use of nuclear energy are required to support the implementation of a safety culture. Based on this, it is essential to conduct periodic evaluations to determine the risk analysis of the implementation of radiation safety in every facility that utilizes radiation, including the Yogyakarta Islamic Hospital (RSIY) PDHI, which utilizes ionizing radiation for patient diagnosis and therapy. The type of research conducted at RSIY PDHI is qualitative research using case study analysis. The research was conducted from March to August 2024. Data was collected in three ways: observation, interviews, and document analysis. The study showed that radiation protection equipment showed consistent results with the "less" category during the six months of observation. Optimization and radiation safety implementation generally received a "good" score, except in June, which showed a decrease to the "less" category. Radiation protection and safety training was consistently in the "less" category. The interview results show several concrete steps have been taken to implement a radiation safety culture. It can be concluded that, although several aspects still need to be monitored and improved, RSIY PDHI has shown a solid commitment to implementing a radiation safety culture. Continuous evaluation and improvement are essential to ensure optimal safety for all parties involved. Keywords: radiation protection, radiation safety, radiation safety culture, assessment and continuous improvement.