Acrylate Research Articles

Comparison of microtensile bond strength of prepared teeth treated with proanthocyanidin, Camellia sinensis - Polyphenols, and metal crowns luted with resin-modified glass ionomer cement: An in vitro study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of proanthocyanidin and C. sinensis-polyphenols on microtensile bonding properties of prepared teeth with resin-modified glass ionomer cement (GIC). This was an in vitro study. Seventy-eight maxillary premolars were selected and mounted into auto-polymerizing acrylic resin blocks. The samples were prepared and metal crowns were fabricated. The samples were randomly divided into three groups. Samples under Group 1 were not treated with any of the extracts and followed conventional bonding protocol. Samples under Group 2 and Group 3 were treated with proanthocyanidin and C. sinensis-polyphenols, respectively. After dentin treatment, these samples were luted to metal crowns using resin-modified GIC. Universal testing machine was used to measure the load at which the crowns were debonded and microtensile bond strength in MPa was calculated. The results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey HSD. Samples treated with C. sinensis polyphenols (Group 3) had maximum bond strength followed by Group 2, where the samples were treated with proanthocyanidin. C. sinensis polyphenols due to their anti-proteolytic and antioxidant properties showed improved bond strength compared to proanthocyanidin, a cross-linking agent, followed by conventional bonding protocol.

Construction of a mitochondria-targeted probe to monitor cysteine levels in cancer cells and zebrafish.

Cysteine (Cys) plays an indispensable role as an antioxidant in the maintenance of bioredox homeostasis. We have constructed an efficient fluorescent probe Mito-Cys based on the binding of indole and naphthol. The acrylic ester group serves as a recognition switch for specific detection of Cys, which undergoes Michael addition and intramolecular cyclization reactions, thereby ensuring the chemical kinetics priority of Cys compared to other biothiols. The probe has good water solubility, large Stokes shift (137nm), with a detection limit of 21.81nM. In addition, cell imaging experiments have shown that the probe has excellent mitochondrial targeting ability (R = 0.902). The probe can distinguish between Cys, homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH), and can detect Cys specifically and quickly (100s) to ensure accurate quantitative analysis of Cys changes in cells. More importantly, the probe confirms that ferroptosis inducing factors trigger thiol starvation in mitochondria, which helps to gain a deeper understanding of the physiological and pathological functions related to Cys and ferroptosis.

Acrylic Resin Denture Base Material Enhancement by Fiber, Filler, and Nano Filler Addition: A Systematic Review

Background: In the current study, two wt. concentrations of strontium titanate (SrTiO3) Nano powder (1% and 1.5% wt.) were added. An evaluation was conducted on some properties of heat-cured Acrylic Resin. Aim: to investigate how introducing SrTiO3 (NPs) Nanoparticles in amounts of 1% weight and 1.5% weight impacted some of the mechanical and physical properties of heat-cured denture base material and describe the results of adding (Strontium Titanate Nanoparticles) to Heat Cure Acrylic Denture Base Material. Materials and methods: An Electronic Systematic Review was conducted in different databases: (Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar searches) were consulted on this topic, as well as on a hand search of the scientific literature. Published writings from 2015 to 2022 were obtained, examined, and relevant articles were chosen for this review. The online databases were used to perform a literature search for publications published until 2022, without any date or language restrictions. The overview highlights the most significant developments in this field, demonstrating how resin technology developed in many ways. Results: Acrylic Resins' Mechanical and Biological Qualities have been enhanced through the surface modification of poly (methyl methacrylate), the addition of Natural or Mineral Fibers, Fillers, including Nano fillers, and/or Fillers. The post-polymerizations activity decreased the quantity of leftover monomer. New Varieties of Acrylic resins were created for the processing of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing systems and three-dimensional printing. The findings suggest that current knowledge is to use acrylic resin in different cases of dentistry with SrTiO3 NPs and acrylic resin. that consider the most esthetic material and more comfortable, good Strength and Resistance to Wear. Conclusions: that addition of SrTiO3 Nanoparticles into denture base acrylic material improves transverse Strength, Surface Hardness Values, and Glass Transition Temperature, with a Negligible decrease in Surface Roughness.

CUSTOMISED OCULAR PROSTHESIS FABRICATION - A CASE SERIES

Loss of an eye, whether due to trauma or medical necessity, can lead to significant physical and psychological distress This article delves into the profound impact of ocular prosthetics in alleviating the physical and psychological repercussions of eye loss. Acrylic resin has been identified as an optimal material for its durability, aesthetic fidelity, and biocompatibility in fabricating ocular prostheses. Beyond restoring facial symmetry and enhancing aesthetics, these prostheses significantly bolster patient self-confidence and overall quality of life. The series comprehensively examines four distinct methods for iris positioning and prosthesis characterization, crucial for imparting natural vitality to the prosthetic eye. Each case underscores the importance of personalized care in ocular prosthetics, emphasizing the advantages over standard stock prostheses.

Effect of adding natural coconut oil on the antifungal, flexural strength, and hardness properties of heat cure acrylic resin (an in vitro study)

Purpose. This study's objective was to estimate the effect of various quantities of the addition of natural coconut oil according to concentrations (1%, 2%, 3%) on the heat cured denture base material's anti-fungal, flexural strength, and hardness properties. Material and method. A total of 120 samples were created and (divided into three groups each groups contain forty samples) built regarding the attitude test: Candida albicans adherence test, flexural strength test, and hardness test. Next, each group was subdivided into three subgroups (control 0%, 1%, 2% and 3%) based on the various quantities of the added natural coconut oil, with (n=10 samples for each subgroup). Each group was assessed at 48 hours. One-way ANOVA and other statistical methods were used to analyze the data, Duncan and Dunnett’s tests for comparison means among all groups with control at p ≤0.05. Results. A One-way ANOVA showed a significant difference in the mean values of Candida albicans adherence, with the additive of natural coconut oil groups (1%, 2%) showing the highest antifungal effect compare with (3% additive groups). Adding 1% coconut oil had no significant difference on hardness and flexural strength, while adding 2% and 3% additive of coconut oil groups showed a significantly decrease than control groups at p ≤ (0.05). Conclusion. The antifungal properties of heat-cured acrylic resin are enhanced by the addition of coconut oil. However, when used in high concentrations (greater than 1%), it can result in a decrease in hardness and flexural strength.

Bacterial adhesion and microleakage of restorative materials for sealing accessory canals in implant prosthesis.

The level of bacterial adhesion and bacterial microleakage in four different materials utilised to seal the access passage of screw retained implant supported prosthesis (SRIP) is of interest to dentists. Four distinct categories were created from the samples on the basis of restorative materials used for sealing access passage in SRIP. Guttapercha and light cured acrylic resin were found to have comparatively low bacterial adhesion and bacterial microleakage in sealing accessory canals in screw retained implant supported prosthesis.

Impact of surface treatment and addition of CuO NPs of surface roughness of acrylic denture base bonded to soft liner

Background: The import of the rough surface makes the application of several elements to enhance this feature vital for the adhesion of soft liners. Aim: The study's goal was to to ascertain the impact of copper oxide nanoparticles added in two ratios to heated-cured acrylic resin and fiber laser surface treatment on surface roughness. Materials and methods:60 acrylic specimens in the shape of discs were manufactured and divided into three groups: one received no addition; the other two received the addition of 0.3% CuO NPs; and a third group that received the addition of 0.5% CuO NPs. Each group was divided into two categories: those that were laser treatment and those who did not. The surface roughness test was then examined using a roughness tester called a profilometer. Results: The average roughness values were high for the control groups and low for the CuO NPs 0.5% groups. The mean values in the laser-treated groups had greater roughness than the control groups, according to the laser application.Conclusion:. As the fraction of CuO NPs increased, the surface roughness reduced. The laser treatment also reduced surface roughness.

Effect of tea tree oil on heat cure acrylic resin properties (an in vitro/laboratory study)

Effect of tea tree oil on heat cure acrylic resin properties (an in vitro/laboratory study)

Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Self-cured, Heat-cured, and Photosensitive 3D Printing Resins After the Addition of Silica Nanoparticles

This study evaluated investigate the addition of silica nanoparticles in autopolymerizable resin and into liquid resin for 3D printing and compare them with CAD-CAM blocks and thermopolymerizable resin, regarding flexural strength and surface roughness. Eight groups (n=12) were created according to the types of materials: autopolymerizable resin (G1-G4), photosensitive resin for 3D printing (G5-G6), PMMA block (G7) and thermopolymerizable resin (G8). Functionalized silica nanoparticles (0.5-1.5 wt%) were added in groups G2-G4 and G6. Mechanical flexural strength, surface roughness and morphological analysis were carried out to evaluate the properties of the samples. One-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's post-hoc test, was used to evaluate the data. The average surface roughness was higher in group G7 and lower in the G8 group, with a statistical difference (p < 0.001). The G8 and G1-G4 showed no significant difference in surface roughness. The G5 and G6 presented surface roughness higher than that recommended by Borchers and Bollen (Ra=0.2 µm). The incorporation of nanoparticles into self-polymerizing acrylic resins negatively affected the mechanical properties of the material, reducing flexural strength. The G5 and G6 demonstrated the lowest flexural strength (p<0.001), presenting values lower than those recommended by ISO (σ >60 MPa) regardless of the incorporation or not of silica nanoparticles. The G7 presented the highest flexural strength value followed by the G8. Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that the addition of silica nanoparticles did not improve the flexural strength the G6 and also affected negatively the mechanical properties of self-polymerizing acrylic resins.

Comparison of Various Mechanical Characteristics of Biostar Sheets with Heat-Cured Acrylic Resin

Background: Duran foil, a type of Biostar foil, is utilized in splint therapy as a heat-cure acrylic substitute material. The Duran® gained popularity and broad use, and its strength and resilience to wear are its most important qualities that improve splint therapy. This study aimed to investigate the surface roughness and fracture strength of heat-cured acrylic resin and Biostar sheets. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 samples—10 heat-cured acrylic resin samples and 10 biostar sheet samples—were produced and split into two groups in order to measure fracture strength and surface roughness. Results: The fracture strength of biostar samples had the lowest fracture strength. The surface roughness of the biostar samples was also less than that of the acrylic samples. There were statistically significant differences between the study groups. Conclusion Duran Biostar is regarded as the material of first choice for removable orthodontic retainers due to its suitable mechanical properties.

Effects on Dimensional Accuracy of Microstereolithographically Machined Parts after Addition of Light Absorber

The paper’s aim is to investigate the influence ofadded light absorber (Tinuvin® 327) on dimension accuracyof three-dimensional (3D) micro-parts manufactured by adynamic mask projection microstereolithography (µSL)system. One of the common problems withstereolithography systems, and particularly with µSL is theuncontrolled cure depth of the UV light when fabricatingdown-facing surfaces. To overcome this problem, lightabsorber is commonly used to control the cure depth. Yetthe influence of light absorber on the dimension accuracy ofmanufactured parts is not fully understood and needs to beinvestigated. This work explores the effect on part accuracyof adding four different concentrations of Tinuvin®327 toPIC-100 acrylate resin without light absorber. A benchmark part has been designed to evaluate the effect of theadded Tinuvin®327 on linear, position, and geometric dimensions. Results show that Tinuvin®327 has significanteffects on part accuracy.

A Circular Bioeconomy Approach to Using Post-Bioadsorbent Materials Intended for the Removal of Domestic Wastewater Contaminants as Potential Reinforcements.

Agro-industrial residue valorization under the umbrella of the circular bioeconomy (CBE) has prompted the search for further forward-thinking alternatives that encourage the mitigation of the industry's environmental footprint. From this perspective, second-life valorization (viz., thermoplastic composites) has been explored for agro-industrial waste (viz., oil palm empty fruit bunch fibers, OPEFBFs) that has already been used previously in other circular applications (viz., the removal of domestic wastewater contaminants). Particularly, this ongoing study evaluated the performance of raw residues (R-OPEFBFs) within three different size ranges (250-425, 425-600, 600-800 µm) both before and after their utilization in biofiltration processes (as post-adsorbents, P-OPEFBFs) to reinforce a polymer matrix of acrylic resin. The research examined the changes in R-OPEFBF composition and morphology caused by microorganisms in the biofilters and their impact on the mechanical properties of the composites. Smaller R-OPEFBFs (250-425 µm) demonstrated superior mechanical performance. Additionally, the composites with P-OPEFBFs displayed significant enhancements in their mechanical properties (3.9-40.3%) compared to those with R-OPEFBFs. The combination of the three fiber sizes improved the mechanical behavior of the composites, indicating the potential for both R-OPEFBFs and P-OPEFBFs as reinforcement materials in composite applications.

Heterogeneous Acrylic Resins with Bicontinuous Nanodomains as Low-Modulus Flexible Adhesives.

Adhesives play a critical role in the assembly of electronic devices, particularly as devices become more diverse in form factors. Flexible displays require highly transparent and rapidly recoverable adhesives with a certain stiffness. In this study, novel structured adhesives are developed that incorporate bicontinuous nanodomains to fabricate flexible adhesives with low moduli. This structure is obtained via polymerization-induced microphase separation using a macro chain transfer agent (CTA). Phase separation is characterized using small-angle X-ray scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis. By optimizing the length of the macro CTA, an adhesive with both hard and soft nanodomains is produced, resulting in exceptional flexibility (strain recovery = 93%) and minimal modulus (maximum stress/applied strain = 7kPa), which overperforms traditional adhesives. The optimized adhesive exhibits excellent resilience under extensive strain, as well as strong adhesion and transparency. Furthermore, dynamic folding tests demonstrate the exceptional stability of the adhesive under various temperature and humidity conditions, which is attributed to its unique structure. In summary, the distinct bicontinuous phase structure confers excellent transparency, flexibility, and reduced stiffness to the adhesive, rendering it well-suited for commercial foldable displays and suggesting potential applications in stretchable displays and wearable electronics.

Remarkable enhancement in radio-cesium uptake from acidic feeds into an extraction chromatography resin containing a calix[4]arene-mono-crown-6 ligand

An extraction chromatography resin, prepared by the impregnation of bis-octyloxy-calix[4]arene-mono-crown-6 (BOCMC)onto an acrylic ester based polymeric support material, gave excellent uptake data for the removal of radio-cesium (Cs-137) from nitric acid feed solutions. The weight distribution coefficient (Kd) value of >300 obtained during the present study at 3 M HNO3 was the highest reported so far while using a calix-crown-6 based extraction chromatographic resin material. Analogous resin reported previously has yielded a Kd value <100 at comparable feed conditions. The sorbed metal ions could be efficiently desorbed with de-ionized water. Kinetic modeling of the uptake data indicated that both the film and the intra-particle diffusion mechanism are simultaneously operating in the sorption of Cs+ion onto the BOCMC resin. The metal ion sorption data were fitted to the sorption isotherm models and did not conform to the chemisorptions of physisorption models and indicated a pi-pi interaction between the benzene rings of the calix-crown-6 ligand and the Cs+ ion. The reusability of the resins was quite satisfactory after 5 cycles and the radiation stability of the resin material was very good upto an absorbed dose of 500 kGy. The results of column studies were quite encouraging with 15 mL (9 bed volumes) as the breakthrough volume while the elution was complete in about 12 bed volumes of de-ionized water.

Polymorphic strategies for encapsulating polyindole@nido-carborane fluorescent polymeric nanocapsules: Their release, imaging, and biological evaluation in the gastrointestinal microenvironment

In this experiment, by combining water-soluble nido-carborane with indole dyes, and used non-toxic and non-irritating sodium alginate and acrylic resin as coating materials to obtain four fluorescent complexes, indol-nido-carborane-sodium alginate- Polymer-A (INS-A) 、indol-nido-carborane-sodium alginate-Polymer-B (INS-B)、indol-nido-carborane-sodium alginate-Polymer-C (INS-C) and indol-nido-carborane-sodium alginate-Polymer-D (INS-D).The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results showed that the four complexes have different morphologies, with INS-A showing irregular clusters, INS-B being uniformly spherical, INS-C demonstrating a cashew-nut shape and INS-D manifesting a semi-encapsulated state. The spectroscopic properties and in vitro release experiments of the four complexes were performed in different simulated gastrointestinal environments. The results indicated that INS-A and INS-C had excellent photophysical properties and high cumulative release, so INS-A and INS-C were selected for subsequent experiments. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) test manifested that the surfaces of INS-A and INS-C were relatively smooth. Imaging of HeLa cells with different channels was performed, the Pearson correlation coefficients of both INS-A and INS-C could be calculated to be distributed between 0.21 and 0.60, indicating that the complexes exhibited good imaging performance and could enter the cell and distribute around the nucleus. The results of cell proliferation toxicity (CCK8) experiments showed that at the concentration of 125 μg/mL, the inhibition rates of INS-A and INS-C on HCT-116 and HeLa cells were 47.15 %, 36.70 % and 42.81 %, 35.52 %, respectively, demonstrating that the complexes had an inhibitory effect on cancer cells. In summary, the fluorescent complexes prepared in this paper have good imaging ability and tumor targeting, and are potential fluorescent anticancer reagent.

Fluorescent zinc acrylate resins containing coumarin structures with enhanced antifouling performance

The demand for non-toxic antifouling coatings has led to the development of multifunctional antifouling coatings. In this work, a series of coumarin acids with fluorescence were first prepared via the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Then, multifunctional zinc acrylate resins were produced successfully by employing an acrylic acid monomer, ZnO, and coumarin acids by free radical polymerization and polycondensation processes. The self-polishing and antifouling properties of the resins were investigated by dynamic simulation experiments, E. coli growth inhibition experiments, algae adhesion inhibition experiments, and marine environment antifouling experiments. The results show that the zinc acrylate resins containing the coumarin structures not only have good self-polishing performance but also have better antifouling performances than the zinc acrylate resin containing benzoic acid. This work not only reveals the antifouling mechanism of the multifunctional resins, but also provides a new strategy for the development of environmentally friendly antifouling coatings.

Study on anticorrosive and self-healing properties of acrylic resin modified with nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots

Acrylic resins are widely used in the marine industry due to their low cost, weathering and pollution resistance, but deficiencies in corrosion resistance and poor stability limit their applications. To overcome this challenge, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) with special structures (Pyridine, Pyrrole and Graphite N’s) and multiple functional groups were successfully synthesized in this study using citric acid and ethylenediamine as the precursors, with the former special structure displaying a key role in catalyzing the conversion of corrosive medium (O2), and the latter being able to form a stable complex with Fe3+, which effectively retarded the corrosion occurrence. Moreover, the nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms in the N-CQDs can form hydrogen-bonded cross-links with the acrylic resin, which not only enhances the self-healing ability of the acrylic resin, but also it significantly improves the overall stability. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis indicated that the impedance modulus of the N-CQDs@PAZ/N-PMI composite coatings prepared after the introduction of N-CQDs into PAZ/N-PMI resins was as high as 1011 Ω∙cm2, which was four orders of magnitude higher than that of the pure PAZ/N-PMI coatings (107 Ω∙cm2). Furthermore, the coating remained effective after 59 days of immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, demonstrating its long-term corrosion protection. Further microscopic characterization results demonstrated that the N-CQDs@PAZ/N-PMI composite coatings have excellent self-healing ability compared with the pure resin coatings.

A Questionnaire-based Study on Impression Materials and Techniques for Complete Denture Construction among Dentists Practicing in Central/Western Regions of Libya

Background: The success of complete dentures mainly depends on impression-making accuracy; thus, dentists need to select the proper impression materials and techniques to achieve optimal outcomes. Objective: To determine the favoured impression materials and techniques used for complete denture construction among dentists practicing in the Central/Western regions of Libya. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted between July 2023 and September 2023. The questionnaire was comprised of 30 questions, which were divided into two parts including; 11 questions for demographic and professional attitude and 19 questions focused on professional steps of complete denture fabrication for edentulous patients. Results: The response rate for this questionnaire was (66%). It was revealed that (96.1%) of respondents used only irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate) as an ideal option for primary impressions. In response to the same question for final impressions, (45.8%) of participants exhibited that polyvinylsiloxane was the favourite choice. Regarding custom trays, (41.7%) of practitioners preferred using light-cured acrylic resin as a custom tray to take definitive impressions. (87.4%) of prosthodontists border molded the custom tray in sections by (81.9%), using modelling plastic impression compound by (92.1%). The most used philosophy for final impression making was the mucostatic impression technique by (50.4%), while (37.0%) used selective pressure and (12.6%) selected muco-compressive. Implant-supported overdenture was discussed as an alternative treatment by (65.4%). The obtained data was statistically analyzed using SPSS 28. Conclusion: This study reflects a diversity of opinion among Libyan dentists during the construction of complete dentures. The most commonly used material for primary impression was irreversible hydrocolloid (alginate) and for final impression was polyvinylsiloxane, which coincides with professional practices worldwide. Modelling plastic impression compound was the most preferred material for border molding. The mucostatic technique was the predominantly used impression philosophy for final impression making.

Forensic study of the mechanical properties of prosthetic materials: Submersion in mangrove environment – A pilot study

IntroductionIt is crucial for dental surgeons to use the mechanical properties of dental prosthetic materials to correlate the submersion time in a mangrove environment. ObjectiveThis study aimed to submerge dental prosthetic materials, such as acrylic resin and zirconia, contained within acrylic resin disks in a mangrove environment, and analyze the alterations in mechanical parameters, such as surface roughness and microhardness, to estimate submergence time in similar forensic situations. Materials and methodsA total of 6 specimens was embedded in acrylic resin disks numbered from 1 to 6. The materials were polished for initial parameter readings a day before submersion, and new readings were obtained 1after submersion. All specimens were subjected to surface roughness analysis, in addition to Knoop microhardness analysis for acrylic resin and Vickers microhardness analysis for zirconia. After the experiment, the data were computed for statistical comparation of the materials properties different parameters. ResultsThere was a significant increase in surface roughness and Knoop microhardness was reduced in the Acrylic Resin samples (p< 0.05); however, no statistically significant differences were observed in the roughness or Vickers microhardness values of the zirconia samples. ConclusionZirconia prosthetics were more resistant to degradation when submerged in a mangrove environment compared to acrylic resin ones; however, owing to the obstacles inherent in this study, we suggest further research on the properties of prosthetic materials submerged in mangroves or other environments, which could bolster the work of dental professionals in forensic medical institutes.

3D printed structures with a tailored refraction index fabricated with an acrylate resin modified by a conjugated polymer

Resins for 3D printing usually do not present suitable photoluminescence for application in optoelectronic devices. Herein, a conjugated polymer (PFeBSe) with luminescent and high refraction index properties was synthesized and used to modify an acrylate-based resin. This PFeBSe copolymer presents an ester-based side group that enhances the compatibility with the acrylate resin, resulting in a homogeneous polymeric blend. Further, the modified resin was employed with the 3D digital light processing (DLP) technique to produce luminescent guiding structures with a tailored refraction index. To maintain the processing parameters of the acrylate resin, the blending with the conjugated polymer was kept at a low concentration in the range of 5% to 15% (v/v). The blending changed the refraction index of the pristine acrylate from 1.49 to 1.51 (5% v/v) and 1.56 (15% v/v), respectively. Moreover, the resulting structures present a low extinction coefficient at the wavelength region above 600 nm. These characteristics enable the fabrication of structures with controllable forms and dimensions that can be used in the design of advanced sensors and optoelectronic devices.