In this paper, the orthorhombic α’’ martensite titanium and fcc titanium were observed for the first time in the deformed commercially pure titanium compressed at elevated temperature (about 1223 K) in different strain rate (0.01–10 s−1) with thermal simulation Gleeble-3500. It was found that the orthorhombic α’’ martensite titanium was produced in the intragranular under strain rate of 0.01 s−1, while the fcc titanium was observed under strain rate of 10 s−1. Both of the two phases present as a characteristic of acicular structure morphology, and the size and amount of the structure increases with the increase of strain rate. Moreover, the acicular structure transforms from orthorhombic α’’ martensite phase to face centered cubic phase with the strain rate increasing from 0.01 s−1 to 10 s−1. In addition, the orientation relationship between the acicular structure and matrix was also determined by high HRTEM and FFT spectrum, i.e. [21‾1‾0]hcp || [1‾01]α’’ and (0002‾)hcp || (111)α’’ under strain rate of 0.01 s−1, while (22‾0)fcc1 || (11‾00)hcp, [0001]hcp || [001]fcc1 and (2‾20)fcc2 || (1‾010)hcp, [0001]hcp || [001]fcc2 under strain rate of 10 s−1, and the acicular structure displays coherent interface with the hcp matrix in plane (0002‾)hcp || (111)α’’ for 0.01 s−1 and (220)fcc1 || (1‾1‾20)hcp, (2‾2‾0)fcc2 || (12‾10)hcp for 10 s−1.