Achromobacter xylosoxidans is one of the bacterial strains that have the capability to degrade butyric acid which significantly contribute to malodours from pit latrines emissions. There is an increasing interest in being able to predict the consequences of its growth on butyric acid degradation for remediation of malodour emissions from pit latrines. The objective of this work was to elucidate the effect of temperature on butyric acid degradation by A.xylosoxidans and to estimate microbiologically relevant parameters at dissimilar isothermal conditions under batch conditions. The experiments were carried out by inoculating 1 mL of bacterial culture into 150 mL each of MSM supplemented with 1,000 mgL-1 of butyric acid as a sole carbon source in a sterile 250 mL Erlenmeyer volumetric flask in triplicates. The temperatures were set at 25, 30, 35 and 40 oC with initial medium pH of 7 and at agitation rate of 110 rpm. The values of microbiological parameters were obtained by the application of modified Gompertz and modified Logistic sigmoidal models. It was found that the bacterial strain was able to utilise butyric acid as a sole source of carbon at a wide range of temperatures. Both models fitted described most of the experimental data sufficiently to each individual growth curve. The values of the maximum growth rate ( µ ?????? ) and lag time (??) obtained using the modified logistic model were higher than the modified Gompertz model. In the cases investigated, the modified logistic model was statistically sufficient to describe the growth data of A. xylosoxidans and its application was easy.

The formation and regulation of vertebrate endogenous intestinal microbiota has been widely studied as the microbiota plays a crucial role in the host nutrition, development, and health. Despite the importance of microbiota for host health, it is still unclear whether the endogenous intestinal microorganisms are genetically distinct or whether they are genetically related with each other in different host individuals. In the present study, the dispersal situation of the endogenous intestinal bacteria in grass carp was investigated by constructing bacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The results indicate that the bacteria harbored in the grass carp gut could be separated into the following two groups: a- the private operational taxonomic units (OTUs), which include Cetobacterium somerae, Aeromonas jandaei, Citrobacter freundii, Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Bacteroides species; b- the shared OTUs, which include Vibrio cholerae, Plesiomonas shigelloides and Pasteurella speices. The results obtained in this investigation provide valuable information for assessing the mechanism of spread of the endogenous intestinal bacteria, especially the pathogenic ones. However, the mechanisms involved in different modes of bacterial dispersal in the grass carp gut still require further research.

Background: Colistin is one of the oldest antibiotics in the polymyxin group, and is used mostly against gramnegative bacteria. Because of developing resistance among clinical isolates colistin has become an alternative drug for multidrug resistant bacteria. Objectives: To determine colistin resistance among isolates from Tamil Nadu, India. Methods: We included 94 gram-negative isolates from two centers in Tamil Nadu in the present study. Isolates were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by agar dilution. Results: The isolates identified at species level included 48 Escherichia coli, 9 Klebsiella pneumoniae, 10 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5 Proteus mirabilis, 4 Salmonella enterica, 3 Enterobacter hormaechei, 3 Enterobacter cloacae, 2 Achromobacter xylosoxidans, 2 Acinetobacter baumannii, 1 Providencia vermicola, 1 Acinetobacter towneri, 1 Enterobacter gergoviae, 2 Providencia rettgeri, 1 Enterobacter asburiae, 1 Pseudomonas stutzeri, and 1 Salmonella typhi. The MIC of colistin ranged from 0.12 ?g/ml to 128 ?g/ml. The MIC50 was 1 ?g/mL and MIC90 was >128 ?g/ml. The MIC ? 8 ?g/mL was resistant breakpoint for all the species. A total of 27 isolates were resistant to colistin. Colistin resistant isolates included E. coli (9/48), K. pneumoniae (6/9), P. aeruginosa (3/10), A. baumannii (1/2), P. mirabilis (4/5), E. cloacae (1/3), P. rettgeri (2/2), and S. enterica (1/4). Carbapenem susceptibility of colistin resistant isolates was tested and 14 were found to be resistant to meropenem. Conclusions: Our study indicates the emergence of colistin resistant isolates from clinical samples among different groups of gram-negative organisms. Resistance to both carbapenem and colistin occurs. Developing new antibiotics and programs to reduce nosocomial infections is necessary especially for multidrug resistant isolates. Keywords: Antimicrobial agents, gram negative, multi-drug resistant, pathogenesis, polymyxin

Five of fifty bacteria isolated from Saharan weeds (Xanthium spinosum, Desmazeria rigida and Anacyclus clavatus) growing in the south of Tunisia showed in vitro antagonistic activity against Verticillium dahliae, thus were further evaluated for their ability to suppress Verticillium wilt of young olives. Three of the isolates, related to known members of the genera Pseudomonas and Achromobacter, induced a significant decrease in the rate at which the disease occurred in V. dahliae-inoculated plants. The active compounds of the isolates were further investigated in terms of their inhibitory effects on the growth pattern of pathogenic fungi. The active compound produced by Pseudomonas sp. and Achromobacter xylosoxidans was not a protein. Overall, the findings presented in the current study indicate that the three bacterial strains isolated from the root of Saharan weeds hold promising potential for future application as biocontrol agents for the mitigation and prevention of Verticillium wilt of olive trees.

Bacterial contamination of ultrasound transmission gel by Klebsiella, Burkholderia, Achromobacter, and Staphylococcus aureus has been reported

A Case of Chronic Dacryocystitis Caused byAchromobacter Xylosoxidans

Oxidation of polychlorinated biphenyls by achromobacter pCB.

Deoxyribonucleoprotein of halophilic Achromobacter