Curriculum evaluation is a systematic process used to assess the effectiveness, relevance, and achievement of educational objectives through analysis of all components of the curriculum, from planning and implementation to learning outcomes. This article comprehensively discusses various curriculum evaluation models used in modern education systems, including research models, goal-oriented models, goal-free models, multivariate mixed models, EPIC models, and CIPP models. Each model is analyzed based on its characteristics, approach, and contribution in providing a comprehensive overview of curriculum quality. Evaluation not only serves as a tool to determine the success rate of a program, but also as a basis for accountability, continuous improvement, and strategic decision-making in curriculum development. In addition to describing various evaluation models, this article also highlights the importance of the competence of evaluators, both internal and external, who have theoretical understanding, accuracy, objectivity, and professional skills in conducting evaluations. The results of the study show that the use of an appropriate evaluation model greatly influences the accuracy of the findings and recommendations produced, thereby improving the quality of learning and ensuring that the curriculum remains adaptive to developments in science and the needs of students. Thus, curriculum evaluation is an important instrument in maintaining the quality of education and supporting the effective and sustainable achievement of national education goals.

Background To investigate whether individualised, peri-operative, activity counselling vs. standard advice increases activity after bariatric surgery, we conducted a randomised controlled trial. The trial was prematurely terminated due to slow recruitment and high non-completion rate. We report some emergent findings: physical activity levels pre-operatively and eight and 52 weeks post-operatively; and of risk models for participants who achieved the physical activity goal and for participants who completed the study. Methods Of 269 participants, 132 were randomised to the intervention and 137 to the control group. The intervention group received individualised counselling to increase physical activity perioperatively. The control group received standard advice. The primary dependent variable was self-reported physical activity level. Results No differences were observed in physical activity levels between groups. The factor that most impacted participants’ achievement of the activity goal eight weeks post-operatively was being at goal pre-operatively. Regarding study completion, older age increased and smoking decreased the odds. Conclusion From this prematurely terminated and thus underpowered trial, it was not possible to establish an intervention effect. Nonetheless, the study contributes by identifying factors associated with adherence and barriers to activity programs by individuals who are obese, providing useful information for the future design of related interventions.

Translation of intention into action on sustainable use of household appliance: The role of mindfulness as a moderator.

Water stress evolution and redistribution pathways under global inequality in consumption.

Empowerment of Women in Geoscience toward the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 5 (Gender Equality)

LDL-cholesterol goal achievement and guideline adherence among middle-to older-age Irish adults in a primary care setting

The study examined the relationship between self-efficacy and goals achievement in manufacturing companies that are located in South-South, Nigeria. Three aspects of self-efficacy including task specific confidence, resilience capacity and problem solving confidence were given as much emphasis as solutions to the success of goal achievement. A cross-sectional survey design was used, and the population of the study was 650 with a sample size which collected data from 225 respondents in 45 manufacturing firms through a designed questionnaire. The reliability of the instruments was confirmed and the most general alpha coefficients ranged between 0.812 and 0.973. The analytical processes involved descriptive statistics and Pearson Product -Moment Correlation, which were carried out in SPSS Version 22 at a significance level of 0.05. Findings showed that task-specific confidence showed a positive correlation with the goal achievement (r = .606, p < 0.01), the capacity to show resilience also showed a strong positive correlation (r = 712, p < 0.01), and the problem solving confidence reflected the most positive correlation (r 972, p 0.01). It is concluded that self-efficacy is an important factor in goal achievement within manufacturing companies since employees with greater confidence, toughness, and problem-solving skills have more chances to actualise organisational goals. The study, therefore, recommended that companies should invest in ongoing training, effective work policies and programme development of problem solving to maintain self-efficacy and enhancement of goal attainment.

Peer competition in high school has attracted considerable attention, yet most existing studies focus on isolated aspects of competition, leaving the interaction between behavior patterns, psychological mechanisms, and educational contexts underexplored. This paper investigates how peer competition affects students’ academic performance by examining three main forms: competition in academic achievement, competition for resources and teacher attention, and competition for social status. It further explores the underlying psychological processes, including self-efficacy, social comparison, and achievement goal orientation, and considers how schoolrelated factors--such as evaluation systems and limited psychological support--moderate these effects. Based on the analysis, the paper offers recommendations to reduce the emphasis on public rankings, strengthen formative assessment, design classroom activities that balance collaboration and competition, encourage teachers to guide students’ emotional regulation and self-awareness, and optimize access to resources. These strategies aim to channel competition into a constructive force that supports both academic development and psychological well-being, while providing directions for future research.

ABSTRACT This study explores the motivational dynamics behind commitment among recreational participants in team sports. A total of 323 university students involved in team sports clubs participated in the study (181 males, 142 females; M age = 23.2). Using a person-centered approach to model joint configurations of achievement goal orientation and perceived motivational climate, we identified three distinct profiles: high task-focused (high task orientation and task-involving climate), moderately balanced (moderate task and ego orientations and climates), and highly comprehensive (high task and ego orientations and climates). Participants in the high task-focused group exhibited greater team commitment, indicating stronger emotional attachment to their teams, and relatively lower constrained commitment, suggesting that they felt less obligated or pressured to participate in sport compared to other groups. On the other hand, the highly comprehensive group reported higher levels of both enthusiastic and constrained commitment. These findings highlight the importance of fostering environments that encourage effort and mastery, which enhance both team and enthusiastic commitment and ultimately promote healthier, more sustainable sports participation. Practical insights from this research suggest that coaches and recreational sport leaders may help support adaptive commitment by promoting task-involving climates that emphasise personal growth, cooperation, and effort, while minimising excessive focus on competition or external rewards that may foster constrained forms of commitment.

Abstract Understanding the factors influencing students' school burnout, especially potential personal protective factors, is increasingly important for promoting their well-being and academic success. This empirical study examines the relationship between achievement goal orientation profiles, gender and school burnout among 1,117 German high school students in grades 8 to 10 ( M age = 14.56, SD age = 1.06, 56% female) using latent profile analysis. Four dimensions of goal orientations were used to create the profiles: mastery, performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and work-avoidance goals. The 3- and 4-class solutions fit the data well, with the 3-class solution (54.4% mastery-oriented, 33.8% ambivalent (all goals high), and 11.8% avoidance-oriented) being statistically cleaner and more economical than the 4-class solution (containing an additional success-oriented profile). The results support the hypothesis that students with a mastery-oriented profile have the lowest levels of burnout symptoms. Students in the avoidance-oriented profile show the highest scores on exhaustion and on cynicism, while having the lowest scores on efficacy, followed by the ambivalent profile. No moderating effect of gender could be found, but gender-specific differences in profile membership were observed. The findings underline the psychological benefits of promoting mastery goals in educational settings, as well as the need for interventions for students exhibiting avoidant behavior – regardless of gender.

ABSTRACT In the context of youth sports, burnout is characterised as a chronic loss of motivation caused by prolonged stress without effective coping. Drawing on Achievement Goal Theory (AGT), previous research has examined the independent and bidirectional interaction effects of motivational climates created by coaches, parents, and peers on youth athletic burnout. However, little is known about potential three-way interactions among these agents and which climate combinations may mitigate burnout. To address this gap, the present study examined such interactive effects of mastery climate (MC) and performance climate (PC), as perceived to be created by coaches, parents, and peers, on burnout in 1,022 Chinese youth athletes (Male = 629, Female = 393, Mage = 17.45 ± 1.11 years). Two significant three-way interaction effects emerged: Coach MC × Parent PC × Peer MC (β = −0.07, t = −1.99, p < .05) and Coach MC × Parent PC × Peer PC (β = 0.08, t = −2.32, p < .05). Visualisation indicated that combinations such as high Coach MC + low Parent PC + high Peer MC and high Coach MC + low Parent PC + low Peer PC buffered burnout. In contrast, low Coach MC + high Parent PC + low Peer MC and low Coach MC + high Parent PC + high Peer PC exacerbated it. These findings highlight the need to move beyond a single-agent focus on athlete motivation research. To effectively combat burnout, fostering a synergistic motivational climate ecosystem through the collaboration of coaches, parents, and peers may be beneficial.

Subject. Types and mechanisms of state support for startup projects (financing, tax preferences, grants, infrastructure). Objectives. To assess the system of state financial support for startup projects in the Russian Federation as an instrument for implementing regional socioeconomic development strategies. Methods. A systems approach was applied, using methods of theoretical analysis and synthesis. Results. It was found that a key unaddressed issue remains the absence of a unified legal definition of a startup and a clear distinction from small and medium-sized enterprise projects. This gap impedes the creation of a comprehensive financial support system. State financing measures for startups are fragmented. The need to replicate best practices has been substantiated. Conclusions and Relevance. The prospects for advancing startup projects lie in shifting focus towards: unifying the architecture of their financial regulation; developing crowdfunding; expanding financial support measures at later stages; and improving interdepartmental coordination. These steps will strengthen the multiplier effect of startup project implementation, contributing to the achievement of regional socioeconomic development goals. The beneficiaries will include the region, its population, and business entities. The findings can be used by the Ministry of Economic Development, Industry, and Transport of the Komi Republic when developing a roadmap for implementing socioeconomic development strategies; by researchers conducting studies; and by instructors of relevant disciplines.

Digital transformation through artificial intelligence (AI) provides strategic opportunities for higher education institutions in supporting the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the use of AI that is not based on the socio-cultural context has the potential to create gaps and ethical issues. This study aims to expand the conceptual and empirical study of the synergy of artificial intelligence and local wisdom in the implementation of the Tridharma (Three Pillars of Higher Education) by lecturers at private universities (PTS), with a focus on the Riau Islands Province. The methods used are systematic literature study, policy analysis, and empirical reflection on the practices of lecturers at private universities, particularly at the University of Riau Islands (UNRIKA). The results of the study indicate that the integration of AI with Malay local wisdom values, such as deliberation, mutual cooperation, and harmony with nature, can improve the relevance of learning, the quality of applied research, and the sustainability of community service. The conclusion of this study is a conceptual model of AI-Local Wisdom-SDGs Synergy as a strategic approach for lecturers at private universities in the archipelago region. Keywords: artificial intelligence, local wisdom, SDGs, PTS lecturers, Riau Islands

ABSTRACT High-net-worth individuals, and the business organizations they found and lead, are becoming a class of ‘elite’ donors who use philanthropic vehicles and mechanisms often drawn from business to achieve their philanthropic goals. With the entry of this class of donors into the realm of global education, the authors argue that we are witnessing the commodification of legitimacy. Utilizing comparative methodology, they examine case studies from Brazil, China, India, and the United States to systematically analyze global trends and regional differences in contemporary for-profit corporate and private philanthropic enactment. The analysis reveals consistent themes, with regard to philanthropic trends, as well as contemporary philanthropic enactment patterns that show the capitalist economy to be a driving force of globalization and transformation in global education. The discussion reflects on how new roles simultaneously support and undermine global education goals, highlighting these trade-offs as they relate to legitimacy, transparency, and accountability. This contribution brings the attendant vulnerabilities and trade-offs of non-state actor engagement to the forefront of discourse around the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 4 and considers safeguards that can be taken to ensure equitable and democratic education governance.

This study examines the relationship between teacher self-efficacy (TSE) and career intention among physical education (PE) preservice teachers in China. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from 176 preservice teachers enrolled in the PE major education program. All measurement items were adapted from previous studies. Structural equation modelling revealed that all three TSE dimensions (classroom management, instructional strategies, and student engagement) significantly and positively predicted preservice teachers’ intention to become PE teachers, with instructional strategies showing the strongest predictive power (5.29% variance explained). Among achievement goals, only self-approach goals significantly predicted career intention, accounting for 19.36% of variance. Qualitative interviews revealed that mentor teacher support, student teaching experiences, and professor guidance were key factors in the development of self-efficacy. The findings provide empirical evidence supporting Bandura’s self-efficacy theory in the Chinese PE teacher education context and offer practical implications for enhancing teacher preparation programs to address China’s growing need for qualified PE teachers.

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings This paper identified that digital literacy does have an impact on how generative artificial intelligence can support sustainable development outcomes. Research limitations/implications The paper identified the different contextual factors that can be necessary when considering the use of artificial intelligence within sustainability realms. Practical implications The paper offered practical solutions that can assist in the achievement of sustainability goals. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives, strategists and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Dignity represents the foundation of the fundamental rights of every person, acknowledged as such by all documents concerning their protection. This paper aims to present, at both theoretical and jurisprudential levels, the ways in which human dignity is protected, guaranteed, and respected in the field of criminal enforcement law, being elevated to a fundamental principle under the provisions of Article 4 of Law no. 254/2013: “Penalties and measures involving deprivation of liberty shall be executed under conditions that ensure respect for human dignity.” Alongside the prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment, the respect for human dignity also includes the states’ obligation to protect the health of all persons deprived of liberty, by ensuring access to proper medical treatment and detention conditions that do not cause additional suffering to incarcerated individuals. Deprivation of liberty must not equate to deprivation of dignity. The paper will also analyze the case law of the European Court of Human Rights and European regulations, since human dignity is part of European Union law. The European Prison Rules REC(2006)2 of the Council of Europe are of particular importance, as they establish clear obligations for authorities responsible for the custody of detainees in member states, aiming to prevent violations of human dignity. All of these contribute, from a reparatory and protective perspective of criminal justice systems, to a greater respect for the human dignity of the individual, while also aiming to protect society and rehabilitate inmates, thus facilitating the achievement of re-education goals of the punishment.

Family firms largely rely on the idea of the adoption of artificial intelligence trust (AI) aiming at developing trust in the technology and their organizational culture, family firms have a higher chance of successfully managing the challenges of AI implementation and increase their performance optimized performance and still maintained their most important values. The family firm culture tends to be dominated by the culture within family firms puts emphasis on people and traditional ways rather than on technological innovation. This resistance to adopting AI solutions can be produced by culture inclination since family members will be afraid becoming out of control or values. The review is a synthesis of the available studies on trust in AI, explaining the ways family firms can use the trust premium inherent to them to support technology adoption. Consequently, family firms' extractive economies are unable to experience sustained value knowledge creation through competitiveness. Enabling environments work within which knowledge creation ensues, leading to the achievement of the development agency goals and the enhancement of the bilateral/unilateral strategic alliance relationship.

Indonesia's coastal regions face significant challenges due to climate change and natural disasters such as coastal abrasion, tidal flooding, and high waves, which impact the social and economic sustainability of rural communities. One of the vulnerable areas is Eretan Wetan Village, Kandanghaur Subdistrict, Indramayu Regency, which has a low score of 5.88 for SDGs Goal 13 (Climate Action Village). This studyse aims to design an Enterprise Architecture to support the implementation of a more effective, structured, and sustainable Coastal Disaster-Resilient Village (Destana). The design adopts the TOGAF 10 framework, covering the phases of Preliminary, Architecture Vision, Business Architecture, Data Architecture, Technology Architecture, Opportunities and Solutions, and Migration Planning. The outcome of this study includes an architectural blueprint and IT roadmap, which are expected to serve as a strategic guide for the village government in developing an integrated and adaptive disaster management system. Through this approach, Eretan Wetan Village is expected to enhance disaster preparedness, strengthen stakeholder coordination, and contribute to the achievement of sustainable development goals. This study shows how important it is in the field of information systems to solve real-world problems in rural regions through digital system integration.

ABSTRACT Participants in the ULTRA Study completed surveys in 2014 and again in 2024 to assess long-term changes in motivation to run (Motivations of Marathoners Scale) and perception of success (Perception of Success Questionnaire). Of the 534 ultramarathon runners, 270 were still participating in ultramarathons at 10-year followup. Motivation declined across nearly all dimensions over 10 years, including personal goal achievement, competition, recognition, affiliation, psychological coping, life meaning, and self-esteem (all p<0.001). Health orientation showed no significant change (p = 0.084). Participants had higher task (p<0.001) and ego (p = 0.002) scores (indicating weaker orientation) supporting the concept that after 10 years, ultramarathon runners care less about getting better (task) and less about beating others (ego). Overall, the results indicate a high level of discontinuation of the sport and a relative prioritization of health-related concerns as all other motivations declined over time.