Two new phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids, lepicarpine A ( 1 ) and lepicarpine B ( 2 ), along with two known compounds, (+)-6-demethyltylocrebrine ( 3 ) and (+)-6-demethyltylophorine ( 4 ), were isolated from the leaves of Ficus lepicarpa . Their chemical structures and absolute configurations were elucidated through comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. In vitro cytotoxicity assays revealed that all four compounds exhibited antiproliferative activity against human cancer cell lines. Compound 1 showed pronounced selectivity toward colorectal adenocarcinoma SW48 cells (IC 50 0.66 μM), demonstrating 10-fold greater potency than 5-fluorouracil. Notably, compound 2 exhibited the most potent and broad-spectrum cytotoxic activity, with IC 50 values of 0.05 μM (SW48), 0.64 μM (Caco-2), and 0.17 μM (H1299), achieving potency comparable to doxorubicin against SW48 cells and significantly surpassing 5-fluorouracil across all tested cell lines. The occurrence of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids in F. lepicarpa further supports their chemotaxonomic association with Section Sycocarpus of Subgenus Sycomorus . • Two new phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids were isolated from Ficus lepicarpa • Lepicarpine B showed exceptional cytotoxicity (IC 50 0.05 μM) against SW48 cells. • The occurrence of phenanthroindolizidines supports Section Sycocarpus affiliation.

Labdane-type diterpenes and austin-type meroterpenoids from the mangrove-derived fungus Talaromyces verruculosus SCSIO41706.

Acylphloroglucinol derivatives with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla fruits.

Discovery of novel anti-hyperlipidemia phytochemicals from the ethnomedicinal plant Rhodoleia championii.

Immunomodulatory clerodane diterpenoids from the tuberous roots of Paratinospora sagittata (Oliv.) Wei Wang.

Two new matrine-methyl adducts from Sophora alopecuriodes with anti-inflammatory activity via ROS/HIF-1α regulation.

Bioactive polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinols from Hypericum maclarenii.

UPLC-PDA-MS guided isolation of lindenane sesquiterpene oligomers with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from two rare Chloranthus species.

Discovery of anti-adipogenic acetylenic acids from Malaina oleifera seed meal.

Rhodotomentotrimers G-I, antibacterial acylphloroglucinol trimers from Rhodomyrtus tomentosa.

Xylaricins A-I: Dearomatic xanthone derivatives from endolichenic fungus Xylaria sp. LCSS1a.

Mexicanolide and gedunin type limonoids from Khaya senegalensis seeds.

Diarylheptanoid derivatives with α-synuclein aggregation inhibitory activities from the rhizome of Alpinia officinarum.

Phytochemical investigation of Artemisia persica: Isolation and characterization of new monoterpenoids.

New bis-β-triketone-sesquiterpene adducts from Corymbia citriodora with lysosomal biogenesis-inducing activity.

Monoterpenoid indole alkaloid dimers from Melodinus tenuicaudatus and their cytotoxicity.

Three new flavonoids and three new stilbenes from Macaranga indica with their cytotoxic activity.

5-Methylcoumarins and acetophenone derivatives from Gerbera piloselloides with lipid-lowering activity.

Two new phytotoxic fusaric acid derivatives from the fungus Fusarium hechiense RH-A63

HPLC-UV-Guided isolation of Phenylspirodrimanes from Stachybotrys sp.