Abscess Rate Research Articles

Hartmann's procedure versus intersphincteric abdominoperineal excision (HiP Study): a multicentre prospective cohort study.

In patients with low rectal cancer it is occasionally necessary to avoid a low coloanal anastomosis due to patient frailty or poor function. In such situations there are two alternative approaches: Hartmann's procedure (HP) or intersphincteric abdominoperineal excision (IAPE). There are few data to guide surgeons as to which of these two procedures is the safest. The aim of this study was to determine the surgical complication rates associated with each procedure. This was a multicentre, nonrandomized prospective cohort study of patients undergoing either HP or IAPE. The primary objective was to determine surgical complication rates. Secondary objectives included length of stay, time to adjuvant therapy and quality of life at 90days. One hundred and seventy nine patients were recruited between April 2016 and June 2019; approximately two thirds of patients underwent HP and one third IAPE. The overall complication rate was high in both groups (54% for the HP group and 52% for the IAPE group). Surgery-specific complication rates were also high, but not significantly different: 43% for HP and 48% for IAPE. The pelvic abscess rate in HP was 11% and was significantly higher in patients with a palpable staple line (15% vs 2%). There was a higher incidence of serious medical complications following IAPE (16% vs 5%), along with a reduction in 90-day quality of life scores. This is the largest prospective study to compare HP and IAPE in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery where primary anastomosis is not deemed appropriate. With similar complication rates, these data support the ongoing use of either HP or IAPE in this patient group.

S1103 Predicting Hepatic Artery Complications Post-Liver Transplantation

INTRODUCTION: Hepatic artery complications after liver transplantation can impact overall morbidity and mortality and may be challenging to identify and treat. We describe our experience evaluating hepatic artery complications after liver transplantation (LT) in a single transplant center. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of 358 patients who underwent LT at a single liver transplant center between 2013 and 2018. Hepatic artery complications, both stenosis (HAS) and thrombosis (HAT), were followed for overall occurrence post-LT. Laboratory abnormalities, doppler ultrasound (US) velocities, infections, rate of hepatic abscess, restenosis rates, mortality and post-transplant inpatient parameters were collected. Wilcoxon Rank sum was used to compare continuous variables, and Fisher’s Exact Test to compare categorical variables. Logistic regression was also utilized for analyses of lab abnormalities, and hepatic artery velocities adjusting for age, gender, and race. P-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Demographic features of those with and without HAS and HAT are shown (Table 1). HAS post-LT was associated with an increased rate of graft failure (16.7%, P = 0.02), restenosis (11.5%, P < 0.001), and overall mortality (23.1%, P = 0.02). HAT was associated with an increase in ICU length of stay (6 days, P = 0.002), hospital LOS (13 days, P = 0.005), surgical re-exploration (34.6%, P = 0.001), graft failure (26.9%, P = 0.007), restenosis (15.4%, P = 0.005), and death (34.6%, P = 0.007). On doppler US, no specific hepatic artery velocity cutoff was identified that predicted HAS, HAT, infection or hepatic abscess. However, serial evaluation of biliary markers revealed that elevation in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) day 3 post-transplant (Table 2) when compared to day 0 (day of transplant) was found to be associated with HAS (23% rise on day 3 compared to day of transplant, P = 0.03). In contrast, ALP changes were not associated with the development of HAT. Changes in bilirubin and ALP did not predict biliary complications including biliary leak post-LT. CONCLUSION: HAS and HAT resulted in increased rate of graft failure, restenosis, and overall death. Doppler US features did not predict hepatic artery complications but changes in ALP post-LT day 3 were predictive of HAS but not HAT. Laboratory features did not predict the severity of biliary complications. Further research is necessary to identify predictors of HAS and HAT and associated biliary complications post-LT.Table 1.: Demographics and clinical characteristicsTable 2.: Laboratory abnormalities post-transplant predicting hepatic artery and biliary complications (any occurrence post-LT)

Is laparoscopic approach still a risk factor for postappendectomy intra-abdominal abscess?

The impact of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) on the incidence of intra-abdominal abscess (IAA) remains controversial. We aimed to identify risk factors for postappendectomy IAA and assess the impact of appendectomy approach in postoperative morbidity. A retrospective single-center study including consecutive patients who underwent appendectomy for acute appendicitis between 2015 and 2018 was performed. Demographic, clinical, intraoperative, and perioperative variables were collected. Univariate and multivariate analyses was performed to detect independent risk factors for IAA. Comparison of LA and open appendectomy was conducted, and propensity score model (PSM) was used to overcome differences between groups. Independent risk factors for IAA were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses in the PSM cohort. A total of 532 appendectomies were included. The median age was 35 years. Three hundred two patients (56.7%) underwent LA. The most frequent operative finding was American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST) grade 1 appendicitis in 303 patients (57%). Peritonitis was found in 109 patients (20.5%). Postoperative morbidity and mortality were 14.4% and 0%, respectively. Intra-abdominal abscess rate was 6.2%. An AAST grade of ≥2, a preoperative C-reactive protein level of >100 mg/dL, and diabetes mellitus were identified as independent risk factors for IAA in the multivariate analysis. Comparing LA and open appendectomy, there were no differences in IAA rates. After PSM, LA showed lower morbidity and shorter hospital stay. Laparoscopic appendectomy is a safe approach and not related to a higher risk of IAA. Patients with an AAST grade of ≥2, a preoperative C-reactive protein level of >100, and diabetes mellitus have higher risk for postappendectomy IAA. Therapeutic/care management, level IV.

The clinical impact and risk factors of latent pancreatic fistula after pancreatoduodenectomy.

Latent pancreatic fistula (LPF) is difficult to diagnose during the early postoperative phase because of initially normal drain fluid amylase (DFA) levels. The present study investigated the clinical significance and risk factors of LPF after pancreatoduodenectomy. A total of 662 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy between 2010 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. LPF was defined as pancreatic fistula that developed later regardless of initially low DFA levels. Among the 372 patients with DFA ≤375U/L (three times the upper limit for serum) on postoperative day (POD) 3, LPF occurred in 37 (10%). The rates of postoperative hemorrhaging (11% vs 1.5%), intraabdominal abscess (57% vs 7.2%) and reintervention (46% vs 2.7%) were significantly higher in the patients with LPF than in those without LPF. A multivariate analysis revealed that a body mass index ≥25kg/m2 , a non-combined portal vein resection, a DFA on POD 1 ≥650 U/L and a C-reactive protein level on POD 3 ≥11mg/dL were independent risk factors for LPF. Latent pancreatic fistula was significantly associated with severe complications and worse outcomes after pancreatoduodenectomy. Early drain removal may be unfavorable for patients with some of these risk factors.

The effects of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes of hospitalized patients with acute diverticulitis.

Acute diverticulitis is a common gastrointestinal illness due to diverticular inflammation and focal necrosis. Diabetes mellitus has been reported to influence the outcomes of patients with diverticular disease. Our study aimed to examine the inpatient outcomes and complications of patients with acute diverticulitis and coexisting diabetes mellitus. The Nationwide Inpatient Sample was used to identify adult patients in 2014 admitted for acute diverticulitis. Primary outcomes were mortality, length of stay (LOS), and total hospitalization charges. Secondary outcomes were complications of acute diverticulitis and interventions. In total, 44 330 of patients with acute diverticulitis and diabetes mellitus were included in the analysis. Acute diverticulitis patients with diabetes mellitus had a higher rate of diverticular bleeding (P < 0.0001), but lower rates of abscess (P < 0.0001), obstruction (P < 0.0001) and colectomy (P < 0.0001) when compared to acute diverticulitis patients without diabetes mellitus. Complicated diabetes mellitus was associated with a longer LOS (P = 0.00003) and greater total hospitalization charges (P = 0.0021) compared to uncomplicated diabetes mellitus when coexisting with acute diverticulitis. Acute diverticulitis with diabetes mellitus is associated with a higher rate of diverticular bleeding, lower rates of abscess, obstruction, and colectomy compared to acute diverticulitis without diabetes mellitus. When coexisting with acute diverticulitis, complicated diabetes mellitus is not associated with higher rates of mortality or diverticulitis-related complications compared to uncomplicated diabetes mellitus.

Laparoscopic surgery reduces the incidence of surgical site infections compared to the open approach for colorectal procedures: a meta-analysis.

BackgroundSurgical site infections (SSI) are the commonest healthcare associated infections. They severely compromise patient safety, are a significant burden on healthcare resources and have an adverse impact on patient quality of life. The incidence of SSIs can be as high as 10% after colorectal procedures. The laparoscopic approach is being increasingly used to undertake colorectal procedures. It provides advantages over the traditional open approach with smaller incisions, shorter hospital stay and equal oncological outcomes. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate whether the laparoscopic approach for colorectal procedures reduces the incidence of SSI compared to the open approach.MethodsRandomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the two approaches published since 2000 were included in the review. Revman 5.3 software was used to carry out the review. Data were pooled and the results were shown as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals using the fixed effects model.ResultsSixteen RCT’s were included in the analysis comprising 5797 patients. These covered a range of colorectal pathologies including colon cancer, rectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome. Analysis showed significantly lower wound infection rates (RR: 0.72, 95% confidence interval: 0.60–0.88, p = 0.001) and lower abdominal abscess rates (RR: 0.88, 95% CI 0.62–1.27, p = 0.51). The combined SSI rate was significantly lower in laparoscopic compared to open surgery (RR: 0.76, 95% CI 0.64–0.90, p = 0.001).ConclusionsLaparoscopic colorectal surgery significantly lowers the incidence of SSI compared to open surgery.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s10151-020-02293-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Effectiveness of intraoperative peritoneal lavage (IOPL) with saline in patient with intra-abdominal infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

IntroductionIntra-abdominal infections (IAIs) are common surgical emergencies and cause a significant worldwide burden per year. Since the concept of intraoperative peritoneal lavage (IOPL) was proposed in 1905, it has been...

Distribution of descending necrotizing mediastinitis and efficacy of distribution-specific drainage.

BackgroundDescending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) resulting from oropharyngeal and cervical abscess is a life-threatening condition. This study attempted to improve our recognition of the extension and distribution of the abscess for ideal thoracic drainage.MethodsWe performed a retrospective clinical analysis of seven patients who underwent thoracic drainage for DNM with available clinical data. For mapping and classification of the distribution of the abscess, computed tomography and intraoperative findings were utilized.ResultsTo cure patients, cervical drainage and thoracic drainage were performed 14 and 11 times, respectively. The operation time for thoracic drainage and intraoperative blood loss were 141±77 min and 103±103 g, respectively. The mean hospital stay was 66±41 days. All patients are alive without recurrence. We divided the abscess distribution into nine categories including the anterior thoracic wall, according to the computed tomography and intraoperative findings. The rate of abscess descended gradually toward the lower mediastinum. Abscesses were not necessarily continuous, and skipped lesions were occasionally noted.ConclusionsWe were able to cure all seven patients with DNM. It might be helpful to recognize the exact distribution of the abscess and distribution-specific drainage using a new map and classification of thoracic abscess.

Barbed sutures reduce arthrotomy closure duration and suture utilisation compared to interrupted conventional sutures for primary total hip arthroplasty: a randomised controlled trial.

The broad aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of using barbed sutures and running closure versus interrupted placement of standard of care sutures for closure of the arthrotomy during total hip arthroplasty (THA). Specifically, we compared duration of arthrotomy closure, the number of sutures utilised for arthrotomy closure, and 90-day outcomes including wound-related readmission, reoperation, and complications. A total of 60 patients undergoing 60 THAs were enrolled in a prospective, single-blinded trial and randomised to receive either running closure of the arthrotomy with barbed sutures (n = 30) or interrupted closure with standard of care sutures (n = 30). Patients were eligible if they were undergoing primary THA for osteoarthritis and excluded if they had a BMI > 45 kg/m2 or age > 80 years or <18 years. Arthrotomy closure duration was significantly shorter in the barbed suture group (3 minutes ± 9 seconds) versus the standard of care group (8 minutes ± 26 seconds, p < 0.001). The suture utilisation for arthrotomy closure was 1 suture in the barbed sutured group 28/30 (93%) patients versus 2-4 sutures in 27/30 (90%) in the standard of care group (p < 0.001). The overall number of wound-related complications in the barbed suture group was 1/30 (3%) versus 1/30 (3%) in the standard of care group (p = 1.00). The rate of suture abscesses was 1/30 (3%) in barbed suture group versus the standard of care (p = 1.00). There was trochanter bursitis 1/30 (3%) in the standard of care group versus zero in the barbed suture group (p = 1.00). These results suggest that barbed suture utilisation may be faster and more resource efficient than use of standard of care sutures for arthrotomy closure in THA.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03285555.

Pelvic inflammatory disease among users and non-users of an intrauterine device

The correlation between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and a present intrauterine device (IUD) has been debated. We aimed to evaluate the differences between IUD users and non-users among women hospitalised with a diagnosis of PID. Our hypothesis was that the role of a present IUD among PID patients is minimal, if any. We performed a retrospective cohort study during 2010–2018 in a tertiary university hospital. Overall, 474 hospitalised patients were diagnosed with PID. Of these, 121 patients were IUD users. The patients without an IUD were younger and had lower gravidity and parity. Among the patients without an IUD, higher rates of prior history of PID and fever at presentation were noticed. In 23.9% (29/121) of women, the IUD was inserted less than four weeks prior to the PID diagnosis. The patients with an IUD insertion-associated PID, had lower rates of tubo-ovarian abscess (2 (6.9%) versus 24 (26.0%), OR [95% CI] 0.18 (0.04–0.84), p = .02) at presentation, as well as a shorter length of stay (LOS) (median 4 versus 5 days, p = .05). In a patient in whom the IUD was retained, hospitalisation period was shorter (median LOS 4 days versus 5 days, p = .007). PID inpatients who carry an IUD represent a specific subset of patients with a milder disease. Impact statement What is already known on this subject? The correlation between pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and a present intrauterine device (IUD) is debateable. What the results of this study add? PID inpatients who carry an IUD represent a specific subset of patients with milder disease. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our results show that in IUD users with PID, the practice of IUD removal as part of their PID treatment is of little benefit.

Effectiveness of a clinical pathway for pediatric complex appendicitis based on antibiotic stewardship principles

PurposeOutcomes and resource utilization were evaluated after implementing a novel complex appendicitis (CA) pathway limiting postoperative antibiotics based on clinical parameters. MethodsChildren with intraoperative CA (gangrenous, perforated, or abscess) were treated with intravenous antibiotics postoperatively until clinical criteria were met, without utilizing CBC or oral antibiotics at discharge. An interrupted time series (pre-intervention, transition, post-intervention) was used to assess outcomes. Hospital length of stay (LOS) was analyzed using segmented regression. Intra-abdominal abscess and readmission rates were analyzed using non-inferiority and multivariate logistic regression. ResultsFive hundred ten children were included with a median age of 10 [IQR7–12] years. There were no differences in postoperative LOS (slope − 0.008; p = 0.855), intra-abdominal abscess rate (5% vs. 8%; p = 0.135), or readmission rate (12% vs. 8%; p = 0.113) across time periods which remained true when adjusting for age, gender, and intraabdominal disease severity. Post-intervention outcomes were not inferior to pre-intervention, abscess rate (p = 0.002), or readmission rate (p < 0.001). Intraoperative findings of perforation (OR9.0; 95% CI1–71; p = 0.044) and perforation with abscess (OR18.2; 95% CI2–36; p = 0.005) were associated with a greater likelihood of postoperative abscess compared to gangrenous appendicitis. ConclusionA CA protocol based on clinical parameters is safe and effective, resulting in similar intra-abdominal abscess and readmission rates compared to more resource-intense regimens. Level of EvidenceIII Type of ResearchInterrupted Time Series

Pediatric tonsillectomy: A short-term and long-term comparison of intracapsular versus extracapsular techniques

ObjectiveTo review a cohort of over 2500 patients and investigate the short and long-term outcomes of intracapsular as compared to extracapsular tonsillectomy, and show if the complication rates are comparable between methods. Study designA multicenter, retrospective chart review was conducted, evaluating pediatric tonsillectomies performed from 2004 to 2014. The electronic medical record was reviewed through December 2018, providing up to 14 years of follow-up data. SettingTwo tertiary care, academic medical centers. Subjects and methodsA retrospective chart review was conducted to identify children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy. A chart review was first performed of patients by a single surgeon (MEG) and then the analysis was repeated using enterprise data warehouse (EDW) to search for complications and interventions using International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, (ICD-9) and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. The second surgeon's patients (JLC) patients were added to increase the cohort. Patients were excluded from the review of long-term outcomes if there was less than two-year follow-up. Short-term outcomes examined included rate of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage and re-presentation for dehydration, while long-term outcomes included rates of peritonsillar abscess and tonsillar regrowth requiring revision tonsillectomy. ResultsA total of 2508 pediatric patients were identified who had undergone tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. In 1456 (58.1%) of these patients, the intracapsular technique was used and in 1052 (41.9%) patients, the extracapsular technique was used. The mean documented follow-up time was 8.2 years. Thirty-five patients (1.4%) were identified with post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage, 2 of these patients (5.7%) with primary hemorrhage and 33 patients (94.3%) with secondary hemorrhage. 11 underwent intracapsular tonsillectomy and 24 underwent extracapsular tonsillectomy (p = 0.0042). The rate of post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage with intracapsular tonsillectomy was 0.76%, compared to 2.3% in the extracapsular group.Three patients (0.12%) undergoing intracapsular tonsillectomy required revision tonsillectomy; no patients in the extracapsular group required revision surgery. Three patients (0.12%) developed peritonsillar abscess post-operatively, two following intracapsular tonsillectomy and one following extracapsular tonsillectomy. ConclusionThis retrospective review comparing the intracapsular and extracapsular techniques for tonsillectomy provides further evidence of the benefits of this technique. It is worthwhile to continue offering intracapsular tonsillectomy to patients and their families during pre-operative discussions.

The Clinical Utility of MRI in Evaluating for Osteomyelitis in Patients Presenting with Uncomplicated Cellulitis

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is vital in the diagnosis of osteomyelitis (OM) in patients presenting with cellulitis. Typically, cellulitis is treated with oral antibiotics; however, patients with concomitant OM may require long-term intravenous antibiotics or surgical intervention. We reviewed lower extremity MRIs in patients presenting with cellulitis and clinical concern for OM. We found 488 patient examinations spanning 5 years (2011 to 2016); 47 patients were excluded (final N = 441). Each MRI was interpreted by a radiologist to determine the rate of OM, abscess, ulceration, and imaging diagnosis of cellulitis. Concurrent assessment of the electronic medical record was performed to review patient demographics, the presence of abscess and/or ulceration, and comorbidities such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia (HLD), atherosclerotic disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Of the 441 lower extremity MRIs included, 170 (39%) were diagnosed with OM, 236 (54%) had ulcers, and 66 (15%) had abscesses. Age, laterality, and reporting physician were not statistically significant independent variables in the rate of reported OM. Diabetes and HLD/atherosclerotic disease were both statistically significant variables with regard to OM rates. Clinical documentation and MRI diagnosis of ulceration were both statistically significant variables in the rate of OM. Regression analysis determined that body part, ulceration, HLD/atherosclerosis, and sex were independent predictors of OM. In our study, of the population of patients with a high clinical suspicion for OM, 39% had OM diagnosed on MRI. However, the incidence of OM in uncomplicated cellulitis was only 11.8% compared with 43.9% in complicated cellulitis. When considering the forefoot alone, patients with ulceration at MRI were 5.6 times more likely to have underlying OM than those without.

The increased recurrence rate of liver abscess caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The pathogenic bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is the major causative agent of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). But reports about the prognosis of KP-caused PLA (KPLA) are rare. This study aimed to ascertain the recurrence rate of KPLA after initial treatment and its contributing factors. A total of 110 patients who had first-time episodes of KPLA were included into the study. The average follow-up time was 3.65 ± 2.18years. Twenty (18.18%) KPLA patients experienced recurrence. Those in the recurrence group had a significantly greater incidence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production compared with the non-recurrence group (30.0% vs 8.89%, P = 0.018). Diabetes, biliary tract disease, and history of malignancy were not associated with recurrence (all P > 0.05). No difference in the CT characteristics of KPLA (including abscess size, location, whether multilocular, gas production of KPLA, and thrombophlebitis) was found between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis showed that ESBL production (OR, 6.3; 95% CI, 1.02-38.59; P = 0.04) was an independent risk factor for the recurrence of KPLA. Our findings emphasize that KPLA has a high recurrence rate and ESBL production is an independent risk factor for recurrent KPLA.

Epidemiology of Headache in Children in a Community Emergency Department: A Scoping Study.

This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of headache in children attending a community mixed adult-pediatric emergency department (ED) in Australia with a view to providing scoping data for future headache-related projects for the pediatric ED research networks. This is a retrospective cohort study by medical record review. Participants were children aged 2 to 16 years who presented to the ED between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2016, with a major symptom of headache. Exclusion criteria were a history of recent head trauma, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in situ, or known intracranial conditions associated with headache. Data collected included demographics, clinical features, investigations, diagnosis, disposition, and outcome. The primary outcomes of interest were the proportion of children with a serious ED diagnosis, the distribution of ED diagnoses, investigation ordering patterns, treatments provided, and clinical outcome. A total of 225 children were studied, with a median age of 9 years (interquartile range, 6-13 years). The most common associated symptoms were fever (47%) and vomiting (42%). The most common examination feature was fever (21%). Abnormal neurological findings were very uncommon. Few children underwent advanced neuroimaging (7 patients; 3%), and no intracranial abnormalities were detected. Seven children had a serious diagnosis (7/225 [3%]; 95% confidence interval, 2%-6%). Six of these 7 were viral meningitis, and there was 1 case of bacterial meningitis. In a community teaching hospital cohort of children with headache, intercurrent viral illness is the most common cause. Serious causes were very uncommon. The rate of bacterial meningitis, tumor, or abscess was <1%. This has implications for the planning of research projects.

P351 Spontaneous intra-abdominal abscesses in Crohn’s disease: The experience of a tertiary centre

Abstract Background Crohn’s Disease (CD) is a transmural inflammatory disease with the possibility of pan-gastrointestinal involvement that could lead in 10–30% of the cases to spontaneous intra-abdominal abscesses (SIAP). Their management is multidisciplinary and personalised. Our goal was to describe the acute management of SIAP in our centre, as well the recurrence rate of abscess and the need of elective surgery. Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of CD patients who have been admitted for intra-abdominal abscess between April 2009 and August 2017. Patients with secondary or perianal abscesses were excluded. Results 24 patients were included in this study with a mean time of hospital stay of 22.13 days. Seventy-nine per cent were male, the mean age was 39 years and 50% were smokers. According to Montreal’s Classification: 62,5% were A2, 58,5% L1 and 75% B3 (+p in 8,3%). 9 were under immunosuppressants (IS), 5 under corticosteroid and 4 under anti-TNF(2 combo therapy). All patients were admitted at the emergency room, more frequently with abdominal pain. 20,8% had SIAP as the first manifestation of CD. The most frequent location was inner loops(mean size was 5.54 cm (0.5–13 cm)). All the patients were prescribed with antibiotics; 10 had only antibiotic; 10 also performed percutaneous drainage(PD); 3 underwent surgical drainage, and 1 suffer from spontaneous drainage by an enterocutaneous fistula. Treatment failure was seen in 1 patient of antibiotic and PD groups. 83,3% underwent exclusive enteral nutrition during the hospital stay. 36,4% started corticotherapy. During follow-up, 33,3% added anti-TNF and 15 patients underwent elective surgery ±11.1 month after the discharge. Only 1 relapse of the SIAP was identified after 8 months of discharge. No deaths due CD were observed. Conclusion Our population consisted of predominately in young males, with younger age at the diagnose of CD, with ileal involvement and under IS. 5 patients had SIAD as the first manifestation of CD. The majority of the SIAP was controlled in acute context with only 1 patient showing a recurrence of SIAP. 15 patients needed elective surgery in the follow-up period, and 33,3% escalated medical therapy. Our results regarding the need for elective surgery aren’t far from published. More studies with larger cohorts are needed highlighting the individual management of each patient.

Diagnostic value of presepsin in predicting a complicated acute appendicitis

Aim: There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the concentration of presepsin in serum was found to be increased in patients with sepsis compared to healthy individuals, but the clinical significance of presepsin in the diagnosis of complicated acute appendicitis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was investigation of the diagnostic value of presepsin in complicated acute appendicitis. Material and Methods: This clinical prospective single-center study was conducted between May and August 2018, and comprised 120 patients with definitive diagnosis of acute appendicitis and 30 individuals as control group. White blood cell count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and presepsin levels were measured from venous blood samples. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess sensitivity and specificity as well as optimal cut points for each presepsin to diagnose acute appendicitis.Results: Serum levels of CRP, WBC, NLR and presepsin were higher in complicated group compared with uncomplicated (p0.0001, p=0.01, p=0.034 and p0.0001, respectively). The time of hospitalization, the rate of postoperative infection, intraabdominal abscess and re-hospitalization were significantly higher in complicated group (p0.0001, p=0.0009, p=0.0073 and p=0.0073, respectively). Comparing the diagnostic test results with ROC analysis, variable WBC (AUC=0.646, p=0.0052), CRP (AUC=0.807, p0.001), NLR (AUC=0.620, p=0.0305) and presepsin (AUC=0.965, p0.001) were significant parameters in predicting the presence of complicated acute appendicitis. Cut-off points of CRP, WBC, NLR and presepsin were calculated as 13.5 mg/dL, 1.4 x103/uL, 4.79 and 272 pg/ml. AUC of presepsin was larger than AUCs of WBC, CRP and NLR, suggesting the highest predicting power of presepsin among other parameters.Conclusion: Plasma presepsin level with CRP, WBC and NLR are valuable diagnostic parameters to predict complicated acute appendicitis.

Laparoscopicvs open appendectomy in the management of appendicitis complicated by generalized peritonitis: a prospective randomized trial

Background Laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is performed worldwide in the treatment of acute appendicitis (AP), even if complicated by localized peritonitis. However, the role of the LA in the treatment of AP complicated by generalized peritonitis (GP) is yet controversial. The present study aimed to highlight the efficacy and safety of the laparoscopic approach in AP complicated with GP. Settings This study took place in Mansura University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine. Patients and methods From September 2010 to May 2019, the patients were randomly assigned to undergo either an LA or exploratory open appendectomy (EOA). The demographics of the patient and preoperative parameters, including radiological evaluation, intraoperative finding, and postoperative complications, were evaluated. The follow-up period was 8 months to 2 years (mean: 18 months). Main outcomes The primary outcome of this study was early postoperative complications. Results A total of 120 patients, aged 38±11 years, were analyzed. Of these, 69 (57.5%) patients underwent LA, whereas two (2.9%) were converted to open surgery. All patients presented with diffuse peritonitis. The duration of operation was longer in the laparoscopic group than in the EOA group (P=0.001). No differences were detected in the preoperative patient comorbidities. The rate of postoperative surgical infection and intra-abdominal abscess was similar in the laparoscopic and EOA groups (P=0.3040 and 0.0754, respectively). However, the length of hospital stay was shorter in the laparoscopic group than that in the EOA group (P=0.001). Conclusions The laparoscopic approach for appendicitis complicated by GP is better than the open approach, and hence, it must be the first choice for surgery in the case of clear preoperative diagnosis.

Does conversion during laparoscopic rectal oncological surgery increases postoperative complications and anastomotic leakage rates? A meta-analysis.

To evaluate, regarding previous published studies, postoperative outcomes between patients undergoing rectal cancer resection performed by totally laparoscopic approach (LAP) compared to those who underwent peroperative conversion (CONV). Studies comparing LAP versus CONV for rectal cancer published until December 2017 were selected and submitted to a systematic review and meta-analysis. Articles were searched in Medline and Cochrane Trials Register Database. Meta-analysis was performed with Review Manager 5.0. Twelve prospective and retrospective studies with a total of 4503patients who underwent fully laparoscopic approach for rectal cancer and a total of 612patients who underwent conversion were included. Meta-analysis did not show any significant difference on overall mortality between both approaches (OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.18-1.22, P=0.12). However, Meta-analysis showed that anastomotic leakage rate, wound abscess rate and postoperative morbidity rate were significantly decreased with totally laparoscopic approach (OR=0.37, 95%CI =0.24-0.58, P<0.0001; OR=0.29, 95%CI=0.19-0.45, P<0.00001; OR=0.56, 95%CI=0.46-0.67, P<0.00001 respectively). This meta-analysis suggests that conversion increases anastomotic leakage, overall morbidity and wound abscess rates without increasing mortality rate for patients who underwent rectal resection for cancer.

Peritoneal irrigation vs suction alone during pediatric appendectomy for perforated appendicitis: A meta-analysis.

Background:There currently exists no substantial evidence reporting the efficacy of peritoneal irrigation in reducing the incidence of postoperative intra-abdominal abscess in pediatric patients. The purpose of our study was to perform a meta-analysis to compare rates of intra-abdominal abscess after appendectomy between irrigation and suction alone groups.Methods:We identified studies by a systematic search in EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to recognize randomized controlled trials and case control studies from the 1950 to May 2019. We limited the English language studies. We checked the reference list of studies to recognize other potentially qualified trials. We analyzed the merged data with use of the Review Manager 5.3.Results:We identified 6 eligible papers enrolling a total of 1633 participants. We found no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative intraabdominal abscess, wound infection, and the length of hospitalization between 2 group, but duration of surgery is longer in irrigation group (MD = 6.76, 95% CI = 4.64 to 8.87, P < .001; heterogeneity, I2 = 25%, P = .26).Conclusion:Our meta-analysis did not provide strong evidence allowing definite conclusions to be drawn, but suggested that peritoneal irrigation during appendectomy did not decrease the incidence of postoperative IAA. This meta-analysis also indicated the need for more high-quality trials to identify methods to decrease the incidence of postoperative IAA in pediatric perforated appendicitis patients.Trial registration number Standardization of endoscopic treatment of acute abdomen in children: 14RCGFSY00150