Abdominal Trunk Research Articles

Relationship between Respiratory Function and the Strength of the Abdominal Trunk Muscles Including the Diaphragm in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Patients.

Objectives: Respiration plays an important function in sustaining life. The diaphragm is the primary muscle involved in respiration, and plays an important role in trunk stabilization. Although it has been reported that respiratory function is important for trunk muscle stability, the correlation between respiratory function and abdominal trunk muscle strength remains undetermined. This study aimed to clarify this correlation among middle-aged and older patients. Methods: This observational study included 398 patients scheduled for surgery for degenerative conditions of the lower extremities. Respiratory function was evaluated using forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s measured using spirometry. Each patient underwent a physical function test before surgery, which included the assessment of the abdominal trunk muscle strength, grip power, knee extensor strength, one-leg standing time, and gait speed. Correlations between abdominal trunk muscle strength, respiratory function, and physical function were evaluated. Results: Abdominal trunk muscle strength was significantly correlated with forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, grip power, knee extensor strength, one-leg standing time, and gait speed. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that sex, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and knee extensor strength were significant factors associated with abdominal trunk muscle strength. Conclusions: In middle-aged and older patients, abdominal trunk muscle strength including that of the diaphragm, is associated with forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in 1 s.

Effect of Self-Myofascial Release of the Lower Back on Myofascial Gliding, Lumbar Flexibility, and Abdominal Trunk Muscle Strength: A Crossover Study.

Roller massage has been recognized as an effective intervention for managing various conditions. However, data on the effects of roller massage on the dynamic mechanisms of the myofascial and soft tissues of the lower back are limited. This study aimed to examine the effect of the self-myofascial release of the lower back on myofascial gliding, lumbar flexibility, and abdominal trunk muscle strength using a roller massager. This crossover study included 24 college athletes who underwent three interventions-roller massage, static stretching, and control (rest). Before and after the intervention, lumbar and fascial gliding were evaluated using ultrasonography. Long-seat anteflexion (lumbar flexibility) and abdominal trunk muscle strength were assessed. The movement velocities of the subcutaneous tissue and the multifidus muscle over time were calculated using echo video analysis software, and gliding was estimated using the cross-correlation coefficient between the velocities. Gliding, lumbar flexibility, and abdominal trunk muscle strength showed significant intervention-by-time interactions. Roller massage significantly improved gliding, lumbar flexibility, and abdominal trunk muscle strength. The self-myofascial release of the lower back using a roller massager improved the lumbar/fascia gliding, lumbar flexibility, and abdominal trunk muscle strength compared to static stretching.

The use of an endovascular balloon to increase the safety of laparoscopic decompression of the abdominal trunk

The OBJECTIVE was to increase the safety of laparoscopic decompression of the abdominal trunk.METHODS AND MATERIALS. The results of treatment of 30 patients who underwent laparoscopic decompression of the celiac trunk were analyzed. Intraoperative bleeding requiring conversion to laparotomy occurred in two (6.7%) cases.RESULTS. To prevent such a complication, a method of preventive installation of a balloon catheter into the celiac trunk was introduced, which allows creating a temporary occlusion of the vessel in case of damage. A similar approach was used in 10 (33.3%) patients. The need to cover the lumen of the vessel with a balloon arose in one observation (3.3% of all patients and 10.0% using this technique). Bleeding from the inferior phrenic artery, which originated from the celiac trunk, was stopped by laparoscopic access.CONCLUSION. The experience presented in this paper allows us to consider the installation of a balloon boat in the celiac trunk as one of the possible ways to improve the safety of its laparoscopic decompression. Further research is needed to obtain a definitive picture of the effectiveness of this approach.

Rare variation: the absence of both the celiac trunk artery and the common hepatic artery

BackgroundKnowledge of celiac trunk anatomy is important in gastrointestinal surgery, hepatopancreatobiliary surgery, transplantation and interventional radiology. Variations in the celiac trunk are common and should be predicted prior to these interventions.MethodsA 58-year-old woman was admitted to our department for surgical treatment of gastric cancer (GC) confirmed by gastroduodenoscopy and gastric antrum biopsy. In the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), we found an absence of both the celiac trunk artery (CA) and the common hepatic artery (CHA). Therefore, we used computerized three-dimensional (3D) vascular reconstruction technology to reconstruct the abdominal trunk and its branch vessels before operation.ResultsComputerized 3D vascular reconstruction confirmed an extremely rare vascular anomaly: the absence of both CA and CHA. The splenic artery (SA) and gastroduodenal artery (GDA) originated from the abdominal aorta (AA). The left gastric artery (LGA) originated from the AA directly above the junction of SA and the GDA. The left hepatic artery (LHA) originated from the left gastric artery (LGA). The right hepatic artery (RHA) originated from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Laparoscopic radical resection of GC was performed. This anomaly was also confirmed intraoperatively. This patient was discharged on the 10th day after surgery without any postoperative complication. There were no signs of tumor recurrence during the 6-month follow-up.ConclusionCorrect identification of abnormal abdominal large blood vessels and their relationship with tumors before surgery is of great significance to avoid intraoperative blood vessel damage, major postoperative complications and the missing of lymph node dissection.

Risk Factors for Progressive Spinal Sagittal Imbalance in the Short-Term Course after Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 3 Year Follow-Up Study of Female Patients.

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with hip osteoarthritis improves hip flexion contracture, subsequently improving spinal sagittal balance. However, in some cases, spinal sagittal imbalance develops in the course after THA, and its risk factors remain unknown. We aimed to investigate the risk factors of progressive spinal sagittal imbalance after THA. This retrospective cohort study of a prospectively maintained database included female patients aged ≥50 years who underwent THA. Before performing THA, we obtained each patient’s anthropometric and muscle strength measurements and whole-spine radiographs. Three years postoperatively, patients underwent whole-spine radiography to examine changes in the spinal sagittal balance. Patients were assigned into groups on the basis of their preoperative and 3 year postoperative sagittal vertical axis (SVA) values. Patients with 3 year postoperative SVA values ≥40 mm with an increase ≥30 mm were categorized into the imbalance group; the other patients were categorized into the non-imbalance group. Of 103 patients, 11 (10.7%) were in the imbalance group. In multiple logistic regression analysis, preoperative weak abdominal trunk muscle strength (ATMS) (p = 0.007) and small sacral slope (SS) (p = 0.005) were significant risk factors for progressive spinal sagittal imbalance. In conclusion, risk factors for progressive spinal sagittal imbalance after THA were weak preoperative ATMS and small SS.

Associations between Abdominal Trunk Muscle Weakness and Future Osteoporotic Vertebral Fracture in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Women: A Three-Year Prospective Longitudinal Cohort Study

Potential risk factors associated with future osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) were prospectively investigated in middle-aged and older adult women. We enrolled 197 female patients aged ≥50 years who were scheduled to undergo surgery for lower-extremity degenerative diseases. Patient anthropometric and muscle strength measurements, a bone mineral density measurement of the lumbar spine (L-BMD), and full-spine standing radiographs to examine the presence of old OVFs and spinopelvic sagittal parameters were obtained preoperatively. We evaluated 141 patients who underwent full-spine standing radiographs three years postoperatively to identify new OVFs. We excluded 54 patients who did not undergo a second radiographic examination and 2 with new traumatic OVFs. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with new non-traumatic OVF occurrence. Ten (7.1%) patients developed new non-traumatic OVFs during the study period (fracture group). The fracture group had less abdominal trunk muscle strength, lower L-BMD, smaller sacral slopes, and larger pelvic tilt than the non-fracture group. The fracture group showed a higher prevalence of old OVFs preoperatively than the non-fracture group. Abdominal trunk muscle weakness, low L-BMD, and the presence of old OVFs were identified as significant risk factors for OVF occurrence. In middle-aged or older adult women, abdominal trunk muscle weakness, low L-BMD, and old OVFs were associated with future OVF.

Validation and comparison of trunk muscle activities in male participants during exercise using an innovative device and abdominal bracing maneuvers.

Abdominal bracing is effective in strengthening the trunk muscles; however, assessing performance can be challenging. We created a device for performing abdominal trunk muscle exercises. The effectiveness of this device has not yet been evaluated or comparedOBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify muscle activity levels during exercise using our innovative device and to compare them with muscle activation during abdominal bracing maneuvers. This study included 10 men who performed abdominal bracing exercises and exercises using our device. We measured surface electromyogram (EMG) activities of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique, internal oblique (IO), and erector spinae (ES) muscles in each of the exercises. The EMG data were normalized to those recorded during maximal voluntary contraction (%EMGmax). During the bracing exercise, the %EMGmax of IO was significantly higher than that of RA and ES (p< 0.05), whereas during the exercises using the device, the %EMGmax of IO was significantly higher than that of ES (p< 0.05). No significant difference was observed in the %EMGmax of any muscle between bracing exercises and the exercises using the device (p= 0.13-0.95). The use of our innovative device results in comparable activation to that observed during abdominal bracing.

Компрессионный стеноз чревного ствола в практике педиатра

The purpose — to analyze the Russian and foreign scientific literature on the features of compression stenosis of the abdominal trunk (CSAT) in the practice of a pediatrician, to conduct a clinical and laboratory examination of patients with chronic abdominal ischemia syndrome. Material and methods. This study included: group A (control) — 47 children without impaired blood flow in the abdominal trunk, group B (clinical) — 75 patients with chronic abdominal ischemia syndrome. The groups were comparable by the patients’ age and gender, which ensured the comparability of the data obtained. All children included in the study underwent ultrasound scanning of the abdominal trunk in triplex mode: two-dimensional image combined with color Doppler mapping and spectral Dopplerography mode. In 30 patients with CSAT, the changes detected during the USDG of the abdominal trunk were compared with the data of computed tomography in angioregime with intravenous administration of a contrast agent (ultravist 350). The images obtained underwent a 3D reconstruction. The procedure was performed on a Siemens Somatom 16 and GE Revolution EVO tomography devices. The processing was carried out using the Statistica 10.0 software. The critical level of significance when testing statistical hypotheses was p &lt; 0.05. Results. Statistically significant differences in the frequency of pain were revealed between the examined groups. It was found that pain in children increased after eating and physical activity (mainly sports), as well as in stressful situations (21.33% of patients). In a clinical examination of patients with CSAT, a body weight deficiency was detected in 42.67% of cases, whereas in the control group it was observed only in 14.89% of children, i.e. significantly less frequently (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions. One of the causes of abdominal pain in children and adolescents is CSAT; this should be taken into account during the differential diagnostics and treatment with the most effective means.

Surgical treatment of visceral and renal abdominal artery aneurysms of various etiology

Visceral artery aneurysms are detected when complications occur or accidentally during examination for other diseases gastrointestinal tract, aimed at determining the functional significance. Over the past 10 years, we have observed 31 patients with abdominal visceral artery aneurysms, 10 patients had renal aneurysms, 15 had splenic arteries, hepatic artery and pancreatoduodenal artery aneurysms – in one case. The combination of aneurysms – in 2 cases: in one case – the renal artery with the splenic artery, in the other – the renal artery and the abdominal trunk. The patients ranged in age from 24 to 78 years, the average age is 43±6.5. Previously, infection was considered the most common cause of splenic artery aneurysms in 10 cases, with most patients complaining of fever, abdominal pain and a pulsating mass in the abdomen. And two patients with splenic artery aneurysm noted abdominal trauma. 3 had atherosclerotic changes. The causes of renal artery aneurysms are atherosclerosis in 6 cases, fibromuscular dysplasia in 2 cases, and Nonspecific aortoarteritis in 2 cases. Also, atherosclerotic etiology is present in aneurysms of the external iliac arteries aneurysms. Reconstructions on hepatobiliary aneurysms were performed in 6 (20%) cases, in 5 cases - resection with end-to-end anastomosis and in 2 cases - resection of splenic artery aneurysm, resection of splenic artery aneurysms with autovenous patch, clipping of splenic artery aneurysms – in 2 cases (6.5%), endovascular techniques were applied in 18 cases (58%). In 2 cases, nephroectomy was performed due to the spread of the aneurysm into the kidney gate and the lack of conditions for reconstruction. In the immediate and long-term (after 6 months and 3 years) postoperative period, the preservation of organ function in reconstructive and ligating methods of surgical treatment is the same. Signs of ischemia and impairment in the immediate postoperative period were not observed with reconstructive and ligating methods of surgical treatment. The choice of treatment method depends on the severity of the patient’s condition, clinical manifestations, as well as the localization of the aneurysm and its morphology. Preference is given to endovascular techniques, which are not traumatic enough and provide a good long-term result. However, in each case, the patient’s management tactics are individual, the choice of the optimal method of treatment of visceral artery aneurysms is based on data from the entire spectrum of possible diagnostic manipulations.

Significance of the dissection of common hepatic arterial lymph nodes in patients with oesophageal carcinoma: a multicentre retrospective study

ObjectivesTo explore the significance of intraoperative common hepatic arterial lymph node dissection in patients with ooesophageal squamous carcinoma (ESCC) without coeliac trunk lymph node metastasis indicated by abdominal enhanced CT.MethodsPatients...

Relationship between Respiratory Function and Strength of the Abdominal Trunk Muscles, Including Diaphragm in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Patients

Relationship between Respiratory Function and Strength of the Abdominal Trunk Muscles, Including Diaphragm in Middle-Aged and Older Adult Patients

Efficacy of Abdominal trunk muscle-strengthening exercise and trunk stability assessment for chronic low back pain and locomotive syndrome in the elderly

Efficacy of Abdominal trunk muscle-strengthening exercise and trunk stability assessment for chronic low back pain and locomotive syndrome in the elderly

Association between abdominal trunk muscle weakness and future osteoporotic vertebral fracture in middle-aged and older adult women: A three-year prospective longitudinal cohort study

Association between abdominal trunk muscle weakness and future osteoporotic vertebral fracture in middle-aged and older adult women: A three-year prospective longitudinal cohort study

O42 SURGICAL REPAIR OF DIASTASIS RECTI ABDOMINIS (DRA) PROVIDES LONG-TERM IMPROVEMENT OF ABDOMINAL CORE FUNCTION AND QUALITY OF LIFE: A THREE-YEAR FOLLOW-UP

Abstract Aim Diastasis Recti Abdominis (DRA) is a condition affecting many post-partum women. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term results of surgical repair of DRA in a cohort of post-partum women. Material and Methods Sixty post-partum women with DRA and training-resistant core dysfunctions were included. Surgical repair was performed with suture plication of the linea alba. Abdominal core function was evaluated with the Abdominal Trunk Function Protocol (ATFP) including a self-report questionnaire and seven functional tests. Urinary incontinence and Quality of Life was evaluated with the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6), the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) and the SF-36 questionnaire. Follow-up was performed at one year and three years’ post-operatively. Results Response rate at the three-year follow-up was 86.7 % for the DRI questionnaire; and 71.7% for ATFP, the UDI-6, IIQ-7, and SF-36 questionnaires. All DRI-parameters were improved (p &amp;lt; 0,05) after three-years of follow-up compared to preoperative values. The functional tests in the ATFP showed an improvement (p &amp;lt; 0.05) in core muscle strength and stability, persisting back and abdominal muscle strength compared to preoperative values as well as an improvement compared to the one-year follow-up values (p &amp;lt; 0.05). UDI-6 and IIQ-7 results were improved (p &amp;lt; 0.05) compared to preoperative values and showed consistent values compared to the one-year follow-up. Quality of life measured with SF-36 were improved compared to preoperative values and showed consistent values compared to the one-year follow-up (p &amp;lt; 0.05). Conclusions The functional improvement of surgical reconstruction of the DRA persisted for three years in this series of post-partum women with DRA.

Дослідження центральної та периферичної гемодинаміки у дітей із сепсисом за допомогою ехокардіографії та ультразвукової допплерографії

Актуальність. Сепсис відноситься до найчастіших причин смерті дітей в світі. Тяжкий перебіг сепсису звичайно асоціюється з розвитком септичного шоку та розвитком поліорганної недостатності. Важливе місце в комплексному обстеженні та контролі ефективності лікування належить моніторингу показників гемодинаміки. Мета дослідження: вивчення змін центральної та периферичної гемодинаміки за допомогою ехокардіографії та ультразвукової допплерографії у дітей із сепсисом. Матеріали та методи. Проведено ретроспективне дослідження випадків сепсису у дітей віком від 0 до 18 років, які проходили лікування у відділенні інтенсивної терапії. Хворим проводився моніторинг центральної та периферичної гемодинаміки за допомогою ехокардіографії та ультразвукової допплерографії. Результати. Було досліджено 108 випадків, що відповідали критеріям сепсису. У 53,7 % хворих етіологічним фактором був менінгокок, у 0,9 % — стафілокок, у 0,9 % — пневмокок, у 0,9 % — єрсинія, у 41,7 % етіологію не було встановлено. У 81 дитини перебіг сепсису був без проявів шоку, у 28 пацієнтів захворювання ускладнилось септичним шоком. У 12 дітей захворювання закінчилось летально. Розвиток септичного шоку асоціювався з суттєво вищими показниками частоти серцевих скорочень (ЧСС) та підвищенням індексів периферичного опору в черевному стовбурі та ниркових артеріях. Несприятливими щодо фатального перебігу захворювання були високий показник ЧСС, зниження діастолічної швидкості у черевному стовбурі та ниркових артеріях. Висновки. Ехокардіографія та ультразвукова допплерографія у дітей із сепсисом дозволяють оцінювати характер і ступінь кардіоваскулярної дисфункції. Дослідження регіонарного кровотоку може бути діагностичним критерієм розвитку септичного шоку та має прогностичне значення у дітей з сепсисом.

Показатели регионарного кровотока в брюшном стволе детей с язвой двенадцатиперстной кишки

Актуальность. Проблема язвенной болезни двенадцатиперстной кишки (ЯБДПК) у детей имеет медико-социальное значение, что определяется высоким ее распространением в наиболее значимые периоды роста и развития ребенка. Цель исследования — оценить показатели регионального кровотока в брюшном стволе детей с ЯБДПК. Материалы и методы. Комплексно обследовано 45 детей с ЯБДПК в возрасте 7–18 лет (основная группа) и 50 детей соответствующего возраста без патологии пищеварительной системы (группа сравнения). Исследование проводилось по общепринятым в клинике методикам. Ультразвуковое исследование регионарного кровотока (внутренний диаметр сосуда, линейные скорости кровотока, пиковая систолическая скорость кровотока, конечная диастолическая скорость кровотока, объемные скорости кровотока (Vоб), рассчитывался индекс резистентности (ИР)) проводилось детям с язвой в острую фазу, стадиях красного и белого рубца, через 6 месяцев после рубцевания язвы. Результаты. Установлено, что у здоровых детей после приема пищи диаметр брюшного ствола изменяется незначительно — ±8–14 % от исходных значений. Изменения показателей линейной скорости кровотока после приема пищи у здоровых детей отличаются высокой вариабельностью и разнонаправленной динамикой. Колебания ИР не превышают ±10 %, и у большинства (86,1 %) пациентов его значения снижаются. В постпрандиальный период Vоб повышается. Через 30 мин после стандартного завтрака у здоровых детей наблюдается увеличение диаметра брюшного ствола. В фазу белого рубца регистрировалось статистически достоверное (t = 2,97, р &lt; 0,01) уменьшение диаметра брюшного ствола, снижение объемного кровотока (t = 3,19, р &lt; 0,05) на 20,6 %, одновременно регистрировалось увеличение ИР (t = 2,89, р &lt; 0,01). Выводы. Изменения гемодинамики в области брюшного ствола могут служить предикторами как развития язвы, так и возможного обострения заболевания, в связи с чем в план обследования пациентов, страдающих ЯБДПК, необходимо включать динамическое гемодинамическое исследование сосудов брюшной полости, которые питают гастродуоденальную зону.

Surgical repair of diastasis recti abdominis provides long-term improvement of abdominal core function and quality of life: a 3-year follow-up.

BackgroundDiastasis recti abdominis (DRA) is a condition affecting many post-partum women. The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term results of surgical repair of DRA in a cohort of post-partum women.MethodsSixty post-partum women with DRA and training-resistant core dysfunctions were included. Surgical repair was performed with suture plication of the linea alba. Abdominal core function was evaluated with the abdominal trunk function protocol (ATFP) including a self-report questionnaire and seven functional tests. Urinary incontinence and quality of life were evaluated with the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6), the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ-7) and the SF-36 questionnaire. Follow-up was performed at 1 and 3 years after surgery.ResultsResponse rate at the 3-year follow-up was 86.7 per cent for the disability rating index (DRI) questionnaire; and 71.7 per cent for the ATFP, UDI-6, IIQ-7 and SF-36 questionnaires. All DRI parameters were improved (P < 0.001) after 3 years of follow-up compared with preoperative values. The functional tests in the ATFP showed an improvement in core muscle strength and stability (P < 0.001), back muscle strength (P < 0.001) and abdominal muscle strength (P = 0.002) compared to preoperative values as well as an improvement of core muscle strength and stability compared with the 1-year follow-up values (P = 0.003). UDI-6 and IIQ-7 results were improved (P < 0.001 and P = 0.004) compared with preoperative values and showed consistent values compared with the 1-year follow-up (P = 0.09 and P = 1.0). Quality of life measured with SF-36 was improved compared with preoperative values and showed consistent values compared with the 1-year follow-up.ConclusionThe functional improvement of surgical reconstruction of the DRA persisted for 3 years in this series of post-partum women with DRA.

Association of low back pain with muscle weakness, decreased mobility function, and malnutrition in older women: A cross-sectional study.

BackgroundLow back pain (LBP) and decreased mobility function are common problem among older people. Muscle weakness has been reported as a risk factor for these conditions, and exercise therapy can improve them. We created a novel exercise device that also measures abdominal trunk muscle strength. Malnutrition has also emerged as a major problem among older people. Muscle is a direct key linking decreased mobility function and malnutrition. This study aimed to examine the associations of LBP with not only decreased physical function and muscle weakness but also nutritional status of older people.MethodsWe examined the associations of LBP with muscle weakness, decreased mobility function (locomotive syndrome [LS]), and malnutrition among older women. The study included 101 female patients aged 60 years or older scheduled to undergo surgery for degenerative lower extremity diseases. Preoperatively, physical tests including abdominal trunk muscle strength assessment using the device and laboratory tests were conducted. Subjects with LBP (numerical rating scale ≥2; range, 0–4) during the preceding month were allocated to the LBP group (n = 36). Other subjects were allocated to the non-LBP group (n = 65).ResultsThe LBP group had lower abdominal trunk and knee extensor muscle strength, lower serum albumin, and hemoglobin levels as blood biomarkers associated with malnutrition risk, and higher LS test scores than the non-LBP group. A multivariate analysis showed that abdominal trunk muscle weakness and advanced LS were associated with LBP. LBP intensity was negatively correlated with abdominal trunk and knee extensor muscle strength and positively correlated with the LS test score. The serum hemoglobin level was negatively correlated with the LS test score.ConclusionAbdominal trunk muscle weakness and decreased mobility function were associated with LBP among older women.

Effect of Brace Treatment on Abdominal Trunk Muscle Strength in Pediatric Scoliosis Patients

Effect of Brace Treatment on Abdominal Trunk Muscle Strength in Pediatric Scoliosis Patients

Effects of Posture Differences on the Thickness of Abdominal Trunk Muscles in the Final Range of Continuous Vocalization

Effects of Posture Differences on the Thickness of Abdominal Trunk Muscles in the Final Range of Continuous Vocalization