10-year Trends Research Articles

Twenty years population-based trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Geneva, Switzerland.

Twenty years population-based trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in Geneva, Switzerland.

10-year dynamics of cardiovascular status in combination with coronary angiography data in men of working age in the Arctic region of residence and the south of the Tyumen region

The state of the human cardiovascular system reflects the degree of body adaptation to the effects of the Arctic’s natural and climatic factors. Changes in the parameters of cardiovascular status, including the state of the coronary bed of Arctic residents induced by adverse environmental factors, should be the subject of study. This is especially relevant for assessing the health status of men of working age, as they are the most vulnerable gender group in terms of cardiovascular complications. Objective. To analyze the 10-year trend of clinical, laboratory, and echocardiographic parameters and the results of coronary angiography in men living in the Arctic region and in the south of the Tyumen region. Materials and methods. The study used data from the Register of Coronary Angiography Procedures, from which male patients who underwent angiography more than once from 1998 to 2022 were selected. Two groups were formed: 104 residents of Tyumen and the south of the Tyumen region and 111 residents of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. The groups were compared at baseline and after 10.0±2.8 years of follow-up; intra-group change of parameters was assessed. Results. Despite the initial comparability of the groups in terms of the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, in males living in the Arctic region, the severity of heart failure increased over time (p<0.001), the frequency of myocardial infarctions (p<0.001), multivascular (p=0.004) and occlusive lesion rate increased (p=0.041), as well as the aortic root indices (p=0.007), the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (p=0.014), and the left ventricular mass increased (p=0.002). Conclusion. In males of working age living in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, in the absence of initial differences in the frequency of cardiovascular risk factors, initially and after 10 years, more severe manifestations of coronary atherosclerosis were detected compared to males living in the south of the Tyumen region.

Insufficient sleep in the Danish adult population: A 10-year trend analysis.

Insufficient sleep in the Danish adult population: A 10-year trend analysis.

Trends in Multiple Chronic Conditions Among US Adults, By Life Stage, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2013-2023.

Chronic conditions are costly and major causes of death and disability. Addressing conditions earlier in adulthood can slow disease progression and improve well-being across the lifespan. We estimated, by life stage, 10-year trends among US adults in the prevalence of 1 or more chronic conditions, multiple chronic conditions (MCC; ≥2 conditions), and 12 selected chronic conditions. We analyzed data from the 2013-2023 (odd years) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 2,673,529). We estimated the prevalence of 1 or more conditions, MCC, and each of 12 conditions, by life stage: young (18-34 y), midlife (35-64 y), and older (≥65 y) adults. We used polynomial contrasts to analyze 10-year trends. In 2023, 76.4% (representing 194 million) of US adults reported 1 or more chronic conditions, including 59.5%, 78.4%, and 93.0% of young, midlife, and older adults, respectively. Moreover, 51.4% (representing 130 million) of US adults reported MCC, including 27.1%, 52.7%, and 78.8% of young, midlife, and older adults, respectively. Among young adults, from 2013 to 2023, prevalence increased significantly from 52.5% to 59.5% for 1 or more conditions and from 21.8% to 27.1% for MCC. Approximately 6 in 10 young, 8 in 10 midlife, and 9 in 10 older US adults report 1 or more chronic conditions. Trends in conditions worsened among young adults during 2013-2023. Recognizing the burden of chronic disease throughout life stages, especially earlier in life, practitioners and partners may consider prevention and management approaches critical for addressing costs, care, and health outcomes. Practitioners may also consider tailoring these approaches to unique roles, transitions, and challenges in different life stages.

15-year trends in efficacy and effectiveness of treatment outcomes in drug-resistant pulmonary TB.

This study describes the evolution of treatment outcomes in drug-resistant (DR) pulmonary TB, focusing on efficacy and effectiveness. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science reporting DR-TB regimens from 1 January 2009 to 8 May 2024 and performed a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. A gradual increase in success rates in the treatment of DR pulmonary TB was observed from 2009 to 2024 across all studies. In observational studies, the average treatment success rate for mono-resistant TB (non-rifampicin-resistant TB, RR-TB) was 82.9%, while the average treatment success rate for RR/multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) was 68.4%, and that of pre-extensively drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR-TB) and XDR-TB was 54.4% with an increasing trend over time. The outcomes of experimental studies, which included fewer patients, demonstrated 69.6% treatment success for RR/MDR-TB, with higher rates for pre-XDR/XDR-TB (79.2%) and a mix of the two groups (85.8%). Significant geographic variations in outcome rates were observed across studies. The current study demonstrates a steady improvement in treatment outcomes for DR-TB after a long period of stagnation. However, new drugs and novel regimens are needed to maintain or further improve treatment outcomes in DR-TB.

Impact of Hypertension on Vascular Dementia-Related Mortality in Adults Aged 65 or Older, in the United States: A 15-Year Demographic Trend Analysis. (P2-3.014)

Impact of Hypertension on Vascular Dementia-Related Mortality in Adults Aged 65 or Older, in the United States: A 15-Year Demographic Trend Analysis. (P2-3.014)

Ten-Year Trends in Pharmacologic Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Pediatric Feeding Disorders in Young Children.

Ten-Year Trends in Pharmacologic Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Pediatric Feeding Disorders in Young Children.

Increasing Trends of Household Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Widening Socioeconomic Disparities in Hong Kong Adolescents, 2010-2020.

Increasing Trends of Household Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Widening Socioeconomic Disparities in Hong Kong Adolescents, 2010-2020.

Updated cholangiocarcinoma incidence trends and projectionsin Thailand by region based on data from fourpopulation-based cancer registries.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a significant health concern in Thailand, as the age-standardized rates (ASR) and other trends fluctuate across different regions. However, comprehensive national estimates are lacking. This study examined the Thai ASR of CCA trends from 2012 to 2021 and projected the incidence rates to2026. This retrospective cohort analysis examined 6379 CCA cases from population-based cancer registries (PBCRs) in the northern, central, northeastern, and southern regions for the time period January 1, 2012, to December 31, 2021. The Joinpoint, age-period-cohort, and Nordpred models were used to assess CCA incidence trends and predictions. CCA incidence trends in Thailand showed a decrease, with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of-7.20% (95% CI:-11.04 to-3.19) for males, and-5.81% (95% CI:-10.81 to-0.54) for females. The projected incidence rate per 100,000 person-years for 2026 varied slightly according to the model: Joinpoint (males: 6.1, females: 3.4), age-period-cohort (males: 6.0, females: 3.3), and Nordpred (males: 5.5, females: 3.4). Regional analyses revealed decreasing trends in the northern and northeastern regions, with 2026 projections indicating further declines exceeding the 10-year trends. Owing to the small sample size, trends in the central and southern regions could not be determined. Thailand's CCA rate has generally decreased but varies geographically; the northern and northeastern regions remain at high risk. To minimize CCA nationally, initiatives should be maintained, new risk factors explored, diagnostics improved, and regional variances addressed. The Graduate School of Khon Kaen University.

Trends in the Dispensing of Oral Anti-Cancer Medications Across Australia Over 10 Years.

Oral anti-cancer medications (OAMs) are easily administered yet high-risk treatments. Few studies have investigated national and subnational trends in OAM dispensing. We aimed to examine 10-year trends in Australia's OAM dispensing at the national level as well as by state/territory and medication type/class. Aggregate data on Australia's OAM dispensing and population for 2014-2023 were sourced from Services Australia and the Australian Bureau of Statistics, respectively. Annual OAM dispensing rates (counts per 100 000 population) were calculated overall as well as by state/territory and medication type/class. Percentage change (Δ) in dispensing rates from 2014 to 2023 was determined. Where valid, Mann-Kendall trend tests were performed. Australia-wide from 2014 to 2023, dispensing counts per 100 000 population for any OAMs increased nonlinearly from 3 475 to 3 930 (+Δ13%), hormonal OAMs decreased nonlinearly from 2 659 to 2 225 (-Δ16%), and non-hormonal OAMs exhibited a significant (p < 0.05) near-linear upward trend from 816 to 1 705 (+Δ109%). This coincided with a significant upward trend in the number of unique non-hormonal OAMs dispensed Australia-wide (+Δ187%). Percentage changes in non-hormonal OAM dispensing rates were greatest for protein kinase inhibitor (PKI) dispensing Australia-wide (+Δ232%), with a significant, near-linear upward trend from 286 to 950, and non-hormonal OAM dispensing in South Australia (+Δ141%), with a significant, near-linear upward trend from 820 to 1972. Australia's non-hormonal OAM dispensing increased over 2014-2023, mostly for PKIs. This likely reflects rising availability of and prescriber/patient demand for these medications, suggesting scope to pilot and expand OAM adherence and safety initiatives.

10-year diagnosis-specific antibiotic prescribing trends among paediatric inpatients at two private-sector hospitals in central India: a prospective observational study

ObjectivesTo analyse, compare and present the 10-year diagnosis-specific antibiotic prescribing trends for paediatric inpatients at a non-teaching hospital (NTH) and a teaching hospital (TH) in India.Design and settingA prospective, observational...

Ten-Year Trends in Last Known Well to Arrival Time in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: 2014 to 2023.

Many national initiatives focus on promoting early hospital arrival of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) because treatment effectiveness is time-dependent. However, several studies reported time-delays in hospital arrival, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our purpose was to evaluate the 10-year trends in last known well to arrival (LKWA) time and assess disparities in patients with AIS. A retrospective study of consecutive patients with AIS in the United States admitted to a large, socioeconomically diverse health care system in the New York metropolitan area was performed from 2014 to 2023. LKWA time groups were categorized according to treatment eligibility: 0 to 4.5, >4.5 to 24, and >24 hours. Demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment utilization, and modified Rankin Scale at discharge were extracted from electronic health records. Trend, bivariable, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. A total of 11 563 patients with AIS were included with 53% (6163) LKWA 0 to 4.5, 34% (3988) LKWA >4.5 to 24, and 12% (1412) LKWA >24 groups. From 2014 to 2023, there was a significant downtrend in the early LKWA 0 to 4.5 (61%-46%) with uptrends in the later LKWA >4.5 to 24 (31%-43%) and LKWA >24 (8%-11%) groups (P<0.001). In the LKWA >4.5 groups, the gap widened between racial categories after COVID (2021-2023; P=0.004). Compared with LKWA 0 to 4.5, the LKWA >4.5 to 24 group was less likely to receive endovascular thrombectomy (P<0.001) and more likely to have worse outcomes (modified Rankin Scale, 2-5; P<0.001). LKWA >4.5 groups were more likely to be older >80 years of age (odds ratio, 1.33 [95% CIs, 1.11-1.58]), men (1.11 [1.03-1.20]), Black patients (1.21 [1.09-1.34]), Asian patients (1.20 [1.03-1.39]), Medicaid insurance (1.18 [1.08-1.29]), and low-income <$80 000 (1.39 [1.20-1.61]). In the past decade, there was a significant uptrend in patients with AIS arriving in the late LKWA >4.5 groups. Socioeconomic disparities were observed with a persistent uptrend in non-White patients in the late LKWA >4.5 groups after the COVID pandemic. These findings highlight the need to implement targeted efforts to improve disparities in LKWA time in patients with AIS.

Twenty-Year Trends in Osteoporosis Treatment and Post-Fracture Care in South Korea: A Nationwide Study.

Osteoporosis is a significant public health issue in aging populations. Despite advances in pharmacotherapy, underdiagnosis and undertreatment remain prevalent even in patients with recent fractures. This study examined 20-year trends (2002- 2022) in anti-osteoporotic medication (AOM) usage in South Korea. Data from the Korean National Health Information Database were retrospectively analyzed. The study included individuals aged ≥50 years and analyzed prescription trends, medication adherence, measured by the medication possession ratio (MPR), and treatment initiation rates post-fracture. The AOMs examined included bisphosphonates, selective estrogen receptor modulators, denosumab (DMAB), teriparatide (TPTD), and romosozumab (ROMO). Over two decades, AOM use has shifted significantly from oral to injectable formulations, with injectables surpassing oral medications in 2020; from 397,440 prescriptions in 2016 to 1,162,779 in 2022. Prescriptions for DMAB surged following its approval as a first-line therapy in 2019, increasing 2.65 times from 217,606 in 2019 to 575,595 in 2022. The MPR improved from 35.4% in 2003 to 73.2% in 2021, with females demonstrating higher adherence than males. Post-fracture treatment rates increased from 31.1% in 2006 to 39.9% in 2021 but remained below 50%. Vertebral fractures had the highest treatment initiation rates, while anabolic agents, such as TPTD and ROMO were underprescribed despite their efficacy. This 20-year analysis highlights significant progress in osteoporosis management in South Korea, including a shift towards injectable therapies and improved adherence. However, the persistent undertreatment of high-risk patients underscores the requirement for enhanced access to anabolic agents, clinician education, and policy reforms to optimize post-fracture care.

Global patterns and trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality across 185 countries.

Updates of current and projected estimates of the burden are critical to monitoring the success of ongoing efforts in breast cancer control, such as the World Health Organization Global Breast Cancer Initiative, which aims to reduce breast cancer mortality by 2.5% per year. We investigated the current (2022) and future (2050) global burden of female breast cancer overall, and by age group, in 185 countries using the GLOBOCAN database, and 10-year trends in incidence and mortality rates in 50 and 46 countries, respectively, using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents plus and World Health Organization mortality databases. Globally, 2.3 million new cases and 670,000 deaths from female breast cancer occurred in 2022. Annual rates increased by 1-5% in half of examined countries. Mortality rates decreased in 29 countries with very high Human Development Index (HDI), and seven countries (for example, Belgium and Denmark) are meeting the Global Breast Cancer Initiative goal of at least a 2.5% decrease each year. By 2050, new cases and deaths will have increased by 38% and 68%, respectively, disproportionately impacting low-HDI countries. High-quality cancer and vital status data, and continued progress in early diagnosis and access to treatment, are needed in countries with low and medium HDI to address inequities and monitor cancer control goals.

15-Year trends, predictors, and outcomes of heart failure hospitalization complicating first acute myocardial infarction in the modern percutaneous coronary intervention era.

Heart failure (HF) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a global health concern, but data on risk factors associated with HF hospitalization post-AMI are limited. We analysed data from the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project, including patients admitted with AMI from 1 January 2006 to 31 March 2019. Data linkage with Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care and the Office for National Statistics facilitated a longitudinal analysis. High-risk patients were identified using dapagliflozin in patients without diabetes mellitus with acute myocardial infarction (DAPA-MI) and EMPAgliflozin on Hospitalization for Heart Failure and Mortality in Patients With aCuTe Myocardial Infarction (EMPACT-MI) criteria. We assessed clinical outcomes, adherence to European Society of Cardiology quality indicators, and predictors of HF-related hospitalizations. Out of 1 046 480 AMI patients, 9.1% overall, 17.2% in the DAPA-MI cohort, and 16.6% in the EMPACT-MI cohort experienced HF hospitalization within a year post-AMI. High-risk patients, defined by the presence of five risk factors, had nearly one in four hospitalizations with HF at 1-year follow-up. The predicted adjusted incidence rate for heart failure within 1 year almost doubled from 64.5 cases per 1000 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI): 51.1 to 78.0] in 2005, to 118.2 cases per 1000 person-years in 2019 (95% CI: 115.0 to 121.5). Heart failure hospitalization was associated with a three-fold increase in 1-year mortality (hazard ratio 3.01, 95% CI 2.95-3.13). One in 10 AMI patients experienced HF hospitalization within the first-year post-AMI, with rising trends in high-risk subgroups. These findings highlight the need for targeted post-AMI care strategies to improve outcomes and address the increasing burden of HF in the modern percutaneous coronary intervention era.

Fifteen-year trends in diabetes drug management and control in French-speaking Switzerland

ObjectiveDrug management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) should comply with established guidelines. Still, little is known about how drug management of T2D in Switzerland has evolved over time. We aimed at assessing 15-year trends in antidiabetic drug prescription and its effectiveness in reducing fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels.Research design and methodsData from the baseline (2003–2006) and three follow-ups (2009–2012, 2014–2017 and 2018–2021) of a population-based study conducted in Lausanne, Switzerland. Participants treated for T2D were included. At baseline and the follow-ups, participants had their antidiabetic drugs collected, together with their FPG and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels.ResultsThere were 274, 280, 268 and 195 participants treated for T2D at the baseline, first, second and third follow-ups, respectively, of whom 101 (36.9%), 103 (36.8%), 138 (51.5%) and 84 (43.1%) were controlled (FPG < 7 mmol/L). During the study period, the percentage of biguanides remained stable, the percentage of sulfonylureas and thiazolidinediones decreased, and the percentage of SGLT2 and DPP4 inhibitors increased, but no consistent association with T2D control was found. On bivariate and multivariable analysis, participants with newly diagnosed T2D had a higher likelihood of being controlled than participants with established T2D: odds ratio (95% CI) 3.39 (1.89–6.07), 5.41 (2.25-13.0) and 3.47 (1.45–8.31) for the first, second and third follow-ups on multivariable analysis, respectively.ConclusionsDespite the prescription of novel antidiabetic drugs, half of participants treated for diabetes do not achieve adequate control in Switzerland. Participants with newly diagnosed diabetes achieve much better control than participants with established diabetes.

Use of central venous access devices outside of the pediatric intensive care units.

Central venous access devices (CVAD) are associated with central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) and venous thromboembolism (VTE). We identified trends in non-intensive care unit (ICU) CVAD utilization, described complication rates, and compared resources between low and high CVAD sites. We combined data from the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database and surveys from included hospitals. We analyzed 10-year trends in CVAD encounters for non-ICU children between 01/2012-12/2021 and described variation and complication rates between 01/2017-12/2021. Using Fisher's exact test, we compared resources between low and high CVAD users. CVAD use decreased from 6.3% to 3.8% of hospitalizations over 10 years. From 2017-2021, 67,830 encounters with CVAD were identified. Median age was 7 (IQR 2-13) years; 46% were female. Significant variation in CVAD utilization exists (range 1.4-16.9%). Rates of CLABSI and VTE were 4.0% and 3.4%, respectively. Survey responses from 33/41 (80%) hospitals showed 91% had vascular access teams, 30% used vascular access selection guides, and 70% used midline/long peripheral catheters. Low CVAD users were more likely to have a team guiding device selection (100% vs 43%, p = 0.026). CVAD utilization decreased over time. Significant variation in CVAD use remains and may be associated with hospital resources. Central venous access device (CVAD) use outside of the ICU is trending down; however, significant variation exists between institutions. Children with CVADs hospitalized on the acute care units had a CLABSI rate of 4% and VTE rate of 3.4%. 91% of surveyed institutions have a vascular access team; however, the services provided vary between institutions. Even though 70% of the surveyed institutions have the ability to place midline/long peripheral catheters, the majority use these catheters less than a few times per month. Institutions with low CVAD use are more likely to have a vascular access team that guides device selection.

Abstract 154: 10-Year Trend Analysis of Medicare Payment in Stroke Inpatient Hospital Admission

Abstract 154: 10-Year Trend Analysis of Medicare Payment in Stroke Inpatient Hospital Admission

10-Year Trends of Antithrombotic Therapy Status and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation and Renal Dysfunction ― The Fushimi AF Registry ―

Anticoagulation therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) has undergone major changes following the introduction of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in 2011. However, the transition of anticoagulation therapy for AF patients with severe renal dysfunction remains to be elucidated. Follow-up data, including creatinine clearance (CrCl), were available for 3,706 patients in the Fushimi AF Registry. We divided patients into 3 groups based on CrCl as follows: (1) CrCl ≥50 mL/min; (2) 50 mL/min>CrCl≥30 mL/min; and (3) CrCl <30 mL/min. In patients with CrCl ≥50 mL/min and 50>CrCl≥30 mL/min, prescription of oral anticoagulants increased year-by-year from 2011 to 2021 with a growing proportion of DOAC; however, the prescription of oral anticoagulants remained almost unchanged in those with CrCl <30 mL/min. In patients with CrCl ≥50 mL/min and 50 mL/min>CrCl≥30 mL/min, the incidence of adverse events, including stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding, was lower among patients enrolled after 2014 than before 2013. However, these trends were not seen in patients with CrCl <30 mL/min. Despite the increased use of DOAC in patients with AF since 2011, anticoagulation therapy for AF patients with severe renal dysfunction has largely remained unchanged, and a reduction in adverse events in those patients has not been observed.

Landscape diversity promotes landscape functioning in North America

Biodiversity–ecosystem functioning experiments have established generally positive species richness-productivity relationships in plots of single ecosystem types, typically grassland or forest. However, it remains unclear whether these findings apply in real-world landscapes that resemble a heterogeneous mosaic of different ecosystem and plant types that interact through biotic and abiotic processes. Here, we show that landscape-level diversity, measured as number of land-cover types (different ecosystems) per 250×250 m, is positively related to landscape-wide remotely-sensed primary production across all of North America, covering 16 of 18 ecoregions of Earth. At higher landscape diversity, productivity was temporally more stable, and 20-year greening trends were accelerated. These effects occurred independent of local species diversity, suggesting emergent mechanisms at hitherto neglected levels of biological organization. Specifically, mechanisms related to interactions among land-cover types unfold at the scale of entire landscapes, similar to, but not necessarily resulting from, interactions between species within single ecosystems.