Fever in the returning international traveler presents a diagnostic challenge in the emergency department due to the wide range of potential infectious diseases that may be encountered abroad, many of which may manifest with nonspecific presentations. Malaria remains the most common and life-threatening tropical cause of fever and must be ruled out in all febrile patients returning from malaria-endemic regions. Other key infections to consider in returning travelers include dengue, enteric fever, and leptospirosis. Early recognition and treatment of these diseases can reduce morbidity and mortality and may help contain disease outbreaks. This review presents a structured, systematic approach to the timely evaluation of fever in returning international travelers, including evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of malaria, dengue, enteric fever, and leptospirosis.

To assess the knowledge and confidence levels in emergency management and disaster preparedness among nurse leaders, and to provide recommendations for enhancing nurse leader preparedness. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant gaps in disaster preparedness among healthcare leaders, including deficiencies in disaster training, underscoring the need for better preparation. This replication study used a prospective, cross-sectional design. Participants rated their confidence in managing disasters using the Emergency Preparedness Information Questionnaire. NYONL members (n=198) demonstrated moderate confidence in disaster preparedness (mean score: 3.11). Four major needs that emerged were education specific to emergency preparedness, supply management, infection prevention, and mental health and well-being. There is a critical need to better equip nurse leaders for future emergency situations. Overall, this study's findings suggest that targeted disaster training and educational opportunities, especially those emphasizing leadership and well-being, are critical to better equip nurse leaders for future emergency situations.

Purpose This study examines the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and firms' sensitivity to exchange rate fluctuations. The primary purpose is to identify how specific board attributes and ownership structures can mitigate or exacerbate this key macro-financial risk for internationally active firms. Design/methodology/approach Using a comprehensive panel dataset of publicly listed and over-the-counter (OTC) companies in Taiwan from 2006 to 2024, we employ Feasible Generalized Least Squares regression models to capture the longitudinal relationship between governance variables (including board size, board ownership, and controlling shareholder ownership) and foreign exchange exposure. To address potential endogeneity concerns, we implement an Instrumental Variable approach using leave-one-out industry-year averages. Furthermore, we utilize one-year lagged governance variables to confirm the robustness of our baseline estimations. Findings We find that firms with larger boards are more exposed to currency risk, consistent with the hypothesis that coordination inefficiencies can impede timely risk-management decisions. In contrast, greater ownership concentration by board members and controlling shareholders significantly reduces exchange rate exposure, suggesting that enhanced managerial accountability improves risk oversight. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by providing a long-panel analysis of the governance-risk nexus in an emerging market context. The findings offer valuable insights for executives and board members, highlighting the strategic value of tailoring governance structures to a firm's international business scope and sectoral characteristics. The study underscores the critical role of governance design in navigating external macro-financial risks and mitigating corporate vulnerability to exchange rate volatility.

Inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare single-gene disorders caused by enzyme defects that disrupt biochemical and metabolic pathways. Acute metabolic decompensation is a medical emergency that can be fatal if untreated. It can be triggered by catabolic stressors such as fasting, infection, surgery, pain, bleeding, or exposure to anesthetic agents. Traumatic injury in particular can precipitate IMD life-threatening crises. The risks of complicating surgical interventions can be reduced by careful perioperative management of fluids, nutrition, and medications under the guidance of a biochemical genetics specialist. Management of IMD metabolic emergencies is often complex, and trauma and surgical providers may only have limited access to specific protocols. Without prompt recognition and treatment, patients with IMDs are at high risk of poor outcomes in trauma or surgical settings. Optimal management requires early consultation with a metabolic specialist and a coordinated multidisciplinary team. This review highlights key principles and resources to enhance recognition and management of IMD metabolic crises for trauma and surgical teams.

ABSTRACT In contributing to the growing literature on improving tertiary curricula concerning relations between First Nations and non-First Nations peoples, this paper is primarily concerned with political economy and economics. Current Eurocentric approaches to economic theory, history, and policy-making omit important topics such as the economic theory that drove earlier European colonisations and enslavements of non-Europeans, the evolution of technologies necessary for European discovery, exploration and conquest, the papal bulls justifying dispossession and slavery, and the very different nature of First Nations economies. The paper also argues that economics should be expanded to include the new school of ‘First Nations Economics’. By offering a deeper understanding of the past, the paper seeks to contribute to reconciliation, and better policy-making, in the present and future.

Purpose With the intensification of market competition and the widespread adoption of the dual-channel model, the interaction among pricing, services, and digital investment in the supply chain has become crucial. The influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and digital transformation is also becoming increasingly significant. The purpose of this paper is to explore the collaborative decision-making mechanism for digital investment, CSR undertakings, and retail service levels in a manufacturer-led dual-channel supply chain. Design/methodology/approach The study uses game theory to develop a supply chain model for manufacturers to fulfill CSR, compare and analyze the equilibria under centralized and decentralized decision-making, and extend the model for retailers to fulfill CSR. Findings The consumer's CSR sensitivity significantly affects the benefits of CSR behavior, and centralized decision-making is always superior; under conditions related to CSR sensitivity, digital investment is positively correlated with manufacturer profits. The study further indicates that in low-sensitivity markets, it is more beneficial for retailers to undertake CSR, and the level of digital investment is higher. The relationship between digital investment and CSR, however, is the opposite of how manufacturers implement CSR. In contrast, in high-sensitivity markets, it is more effective for manufacturers to undertake it. In addition, this paper designs a coordination contract based on wholesale prices and clarifies the pricing range that can achieve a win-win situation. Originality/value The innovation of this study lies in integrating digital investment and CSR into a dual-channel decision-making process and systematically comparing the impact of different CSR undertaking entities on supply chain performance. This provides enterprises with collaborative management insights to promote responsible governance and digital transformation.

This article analyzes the correlation between strategic school management and institutional performance in the Brazilian educational scenario. The study investigates how contemporary leadership practices influence the effectiveness of pedagogical and administrative processes, seeking to identify models that promote excellence in teaching. The methodological approach is based on qualitative bibliographic research, supported by the analysis of works by referential authors and indexed normative documents. The main results show that strategic leadership, based on a systemic view and the mobilization of talents, reduces the fragmentation of teaching work and optimizes the use of institutional resources. It appears that the manager's role as an articulator between infrastructure and the curriculum is decisive for raising academic proficiency levels and reducing school dropouts. The findings indicate that the lack of participatory planning and excessive centralization of power are the main obstacles to improving quality indicators. It is concluded that the strengthening of leadership skills, mediated by democratic management and a focus on learning, ensures the sustainability of educational policies and the unit's autonomy in the face of the teaching system. The research demonstrates that synergy between the administrative and pedagogical sectors enhances the achievement of the goals established in the institutional project.

As the core production element of the digital era, data's multiplier effect is key to risk prevention and the modernization of emergency governance. This article combines the practical application of data elements in public health emergency management, based on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) theoretical framework, takes 23 mega-cities in China as research cases, and uses the fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method to explore the impact of technology, organization, environment, and other conditions on the effectiveness of urban public health emergency governance. The results show a significant conditional correlation between the effectiveness of urban public health emergency governance and the conditions for applying data elements. Based on the characteristics of multiple concurrent paths, the driving paths can be classified into three categories: "technology-based", "organization-environment dual core", and "organization-technology as the mainstay + environment as the supplement". Local governments should combine the regional digital resource endowment, promote phased and differentiated application of data elements, strengthen interconnection of data-sharing platforms, coordinate construction of institutional mechanisms, accelerate multi-scenario application of data elements, strengthen two-way empowerment of technology-driven and organizational coordination, and effectively transform linkage advantages of multidimensional elements into governance effectiveness.

Strategic management is a systematic approach used by organizations to formulate, implement, and evaluate strategies to achieve long-term goals and create competitive advantage. Dynamic changes in the business environment, globalization, and increasingly fierce competition require organizations to have adaptive and sustainable strategies. This study aims to examine the concept, process, and role of strategic management in improving organizational performance and competitive advantage through a literature study approach. The method used is a literature review by examining strategic management and human resource management textbooks, as well as relevant national and international journal articles. The results of the study indicate that effective strategic management, which includes internal and external environmental analysis, appropriate strategy formulation, consistent implementation, and continuous evaluation, contributes significantly to improving organizational performance and achieving competitive advantage. This research is expected to provide theoretical contributions to the development of strategic management science and serve as a practical reference for organizations in designing and implementing effective strategies.