Starting from the perception of a child as a researcher from the very birth, the research nature of his/her learning, the importance of the community for the learning and development of a preschool child, the goal of this research is to consider pre-school teachers' perspective and learning opportunities through research with children in the community. The research used descriptive method and research technique - scaling. The following research instrument was used: an assessment scale. Twenty pre-school teachers participated in the research. The research indicates that learning through research with children in the community is integrated into the educational process, that pre-school teachers recognize and know the value of this approach and that they mostly have the support of the community. The importance is also highlighted of recognizing challenges through reviewing practice and dealing with them in order to work continuously on improving learning through research with children in the community.

The aim of this work is to analyse the transformation of the term intellectual, which is established as a kind of paradigm in modern and postmodern times. The focus of the research is first of all on the reduction of the role of the intellectual in modern times, which was echoed in the thoughts of numerous philosophers of modern and postmodern epoch. Then the postmodern dystopian novel Plato's Papers by the English writer Peter Aykroyd, is analysed. It is a dystopian work in which the aforementioned tendencies were given an artistic articulation. The hero of the novel Plato, as the research shows, represents a travestied image of the ancient philosopher Plato and acts in a modern telematized polis of the distant future. The works and fate of the postmodern Plato are articulated in the novel in a way that hints that escapism is the only possible answer to the challenges of the destructive relativizations of the postmodern era.

In the review named Dimensions of the Meaning of Law, by Dragan Jakovljević, published in issue 25, https://doi.org/10.5937/sinteze13-50082, due to a technical error by the Editorial Board, pointed out by the author of the text, certain parts of the original manuscript were omitted when the text was prepared for publishing. Due to the specificity of the omission, the complete text of the review is published on this occasion. We apologize to the author and readers for the error.

If the space where the children stay is adequately equipped (in this case painted), the children will be intrigued by the space itself, which will encourage them to engage in physical activities independently. The space encourages them to play in a safe way, to wait their turn, help each other and establish the rules of the game themselves. The aim of this work is to empirically and experimentally examine the influence of the experimental program, called "Path of a Bee" on the organization of children's physical activity in the yard of the "Bee" kindergarten. The subject of the research is the drawing of the path "Path of a bee" (experimental program) in the function of the organization of children's physical activity in the yard of the "Bee" kindergarten. 118 children from kindergarten "Bee" of preschool institution "Nata Veljković" in Kruševac participated in the research. The action is divided into several steps, namely: determination of the part of the sidewalk for drawing the path, procurement of materials, design of the path and drawing tasks on paper, agreement on the distribution of tasks on the sidewalk, making templates, drawing the path, opening the "Path of a Bee". The instrument used in this research is the observation protocol. Through it, the organization and activities of children before (initial measurement) and after drawing the path (final measurement) in the yard of the kindergarten "Bee" were shown. When determining the initial state - free play with the current contents offered in the yard of the kindergarten, it was found that 25% of the children were independently organized in play and physical activities in the yard. By carrying out the action, i.e. drawing "The path of a bee", the space in the kindergarten yard was enriched (footsteps, flowers, snakes, frogs, spiders, ladders, dots, hummingbirds, lines, snails, etc.), and given to the children to use as they wish. After the action, the results were obtained which state that 98% of the children played and independently organized physical activities in the yard of the kindergarten. This new environment was inviting and stimulating for the children.

The paper discusses Kant's definition of a scholar as an intellectual in the Age of Enlightenment. Then the relationship between reason and understanding as set forth in the Critique of the Pure Reason is analysed. The analysis is complemented by considering the difference between public and private uses of the reason. The problem of freedom is also interpreted within this difference. The public use of reason as a scholarly position is linked to three basic requirements for thinking: think independently, think elsewhere, and think consistently. These three requirements are determined as necessary conditions in the formation of intellectual engagement. At the end of the paper, it is concluded that Kant's essay on enlightenment simultaneously places Kant in the position of a scholar and an intellectual.

Socio-emotional problems and behavioral issues in children and adolescents can pose a risk for the development of more serious disorders later in life. As part of mental health care, it is essential to pay special attention to measuring the overall emotional state and health problems that are becoming increasingly frequent and visible. The prevalence of behavioral problems among youth is a growing concern. These issues are typically categorized into externalizing and internalizing disorders, reflecting the various ways adolescents manifest and cope with internal and external conflicts. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems in adolescents, explore potential sociodemographic differences, and investigate the relationship between these two types of behavioral issues. The research applied the YEPS questionnaire to meeasure externalizing problems and the DASS-21 scale to measure internalizing problems. The study sample consisted of 1086 adolescents, aged 14 to 19 years (M=16.98, SD=1.58), with the majority being female (678, or 62.4%). The main findings of the study indicate the presence of both externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems among adolescents, with externalizing issues being more prevalent in males and internalizing problems more common in females. The results indicate moderate symptoms of behavioral problems, while statistically significant intercorrelations were found between externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems.

The individual in the postmodern society increasingly takes an active and productive attitude towards the products of mass culture and gradually builds a critical attitude towards the contents of the mass media, which are often unjustifiably attributed with the absolute power of manipulative effect. However, mass culture, with its tendency towards individualization and the "average", significantly limits the possibilities of an individual to experience the promised happiness in the context of a hyper-consumer society. The tragedy of the hyper consumer's happiness lies in his individuality, because in the process of searching for happiness, the individual becomes more and more lonely and alienated. Complete happiness is necessarily connected to other people, which is why it is also fleeting, so that an individual cannot possess it independently.

The complex problem of peer violence has been the subject of many research studies so far. The prevalence, forms, and manifestation forms of peer violence, causes, and consequences have been intensively studied. This paper describes and examines the occurrence of violence, considering both gender and age differences. The research has been carried out on a representative sample of 204 pupils of both sexes, in the fifth and eighth grades, who attend two primary schools. The results of the research show that a greater tendency, towards violent behaviour between boys and girls, has been confirmed (t=5.83, p<0.01). Statistically significant difference, in the tendency to violent behaviour between the pupils of different ages, that is, fifth and eighth graders, has been identified It shows us that eighth graders have a significantly greater tendency to violent behaviour than fifth graders This research is important because its results can be used, to improve our knowledge about the violent behaviour of pupils, in the school environment, as well as to encourage us to take the best course of practical action and to adopt prevention models in this area.