Cinnamaldehyde is a compound found in the skin of cinnamon plants which has various bioactivity. In this study, the compound cinnamaldehyde was modified with the help of Fe 3 O 4 which was synthesized with the help of seaweed extract as a heterogeneous catalyst. Fe 3 O 4 -MNPs are synthesized using FeCl 3 and Sargassum filipendula extracts as their natural reducing agents. The catalytic ability of Fe 3 O 4 was evaluated in the reaction between cinnamaldehyde and aromatic ketone compounds synthesized by the reflux method. Structure Analysis and elucidation of the synthesized compounds were carried out by measuring the vibrations of the functional groups by FTIR, and the determination of H and C atoms by HNMR and CNMR analysis. The FTIR, proton and carbon NMR analysis have identified that the synthesized product was cinnamylideneacetophenone by the name 1,5-diphenylpyenta-2,4-dien-1-one. The optimum conditions were obtained at a catalyst concentration of 10% w/w for five hours with a yield of 36%. The yield of this reaction was better than the reaction without a catalyst.

The development of education must be considered, because education can develop students' self-ability through the learning process. A teacher must have fun teaching skills to improve student learning outcomes. Therefore, Thi s study aims to determine whether there is an increase in student chemistry learning outcomes with the application model of cooperative learning techniques in Round Robin. The method used is quasi-experimental with a nonequivalent control group design. The subjects in this study were class XI IPA 1 and XI IPA 2 SMAN 1 Tambang, Riau. Data collection techniques using homogeneity test, documentation, observation, pretest and posttest. The homogeneity test analysis on the sample used the Bartlett test and variance test, while the final data analysis used the t-test. The results showed that there was an effect of increasing student chemistry learning outcomes with the application model of cooperative learning techniques in Round Robin. This is evidenced by the difference in the posttest average of the experimental class of 85.65 and the control class of 76.77. Based on the dissimilarity of this posttest value, the normalized N-Gain value for the experimental class is 0.773 which includes the high criteria and the control class is 0.61 including the medium criteria.

The idat plant is one of the endemic plants known to the people of bangka belitung as well the shoot of idat ( Cratoxylum glaucum ). Cratoxylum glaucum is widely used as a traditional the skin, treat diarrhea, as antibacterial, anticancer, antivirus, and other diseases. Based on the potential of activity, the development of an Cratoxylum glaucum extract in the from of nanoemulsi is carried out which has stability and a small droplet size so that it isvery effective as an antibacterial. The purpose of this study was determine how the characterization and antibacterial activity of nanoemulsion from the Cratoxylum glaucum . Nanoemulsion was made using a homogenizer at a stirring speed of 8000 rpm for 30 minutes with a composition of 2,5 ml VCO, 10 ml tween 80, and 37,5 ml water. Nanoemulsion fraction MeOH : water from the shoot idat has a droplet size of 101,6 nm with a PI value of 0,274 and has a transmittance percent of 80,33% which can be categorized as a nanoemulsion with good stability compared to ethyl acetate and n-hexane nanoemulsion. In addition, nanoemulsion MeOH : water an antibacterial activity of S. Aureus by 10,42 cm which is categorized as strong.

The Indonesian government is trying to prepare the next generation of nations to deal with the globalization era; one of these is education. It was transformed in the application of Kurikulum 2013, in which the object of the learning process is more emphasis on phenomena or real events. But, the learning methods are still unvaried, and learning materials based on real-life problems are still not available, which creates a performance gap in the learning process. This research aims to cope with the performance gap by developing the saints, environment, technology, and society (SETS)-oriented module on petroleum topic and determine the students' response. The module developed in this research is done following a phase of the ADDIE developmental model. This developmental model consists of analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This SETS-oriented module has been trialed to 30 second-grade students of SMA Negeri 8 Kota Serang. According to validation and students' response, the SETS-oriented module developed is valid and got 87,37% of an average percentage of response, which includes great criteria

The Indonesian government is trying to prepare the next generation of nations to deal with the globalization era; one of these is education. It was transformed in the application of Kurikulum 2013, in which the object of the learning process is more emphasis on phenomena or real events. But, the learning methods are still unvaried, and learning materials based on real-life problems are still not available, which creates a performance gap in the learning process. This research aims to cope with the performance gap by developing the saints, environment, technology, and society (SETS)-oriented module on petroleum topic and determine the students' response. The module developed in this research is done following a phase of the ADDIE developmental model. This developmental model consists of analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. This SETS-oriented module has been trialed to 30 second-grade students of SMA Negeri 8 Kota Serang. According to validation and students' response, the SETS-oriented module developed is valid and got 87,37% of an average percentage of response, which includes great criteria

Plumbago zeynalica L. plant belongs to the Plumbaginaceae family, which is spread as a weed in all tropical and sub-tropical countries, and its abundance is very high in Asia and Africa. P. zeynalica L. plants are ethnopharmacologically used as antitumor, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, wound healed, and anti-inflammatory. This study aims to isolate secondary metabolites from the fraction of P. zeynalica L. leaf extracts with work stages that included isolation and determination of chemical structures by spectroscopy. Based on the results of the separation and purification of the ethyl acetate fraction obtained isolates in the form of a yellow oil suspected as a flavonoid. The chemical structure of the isolates was identified based on UV-Vis spectroscopy data giving maximum absorption at λmax 339.60 nm and 278.80 nm, which are typical for dihydroflavonol. IR spectroscopy analysis of the isolates provided data information on the presence of aliphatic OH, C-H groups, carbonyl groups (C = O), C = C aromatic groups, and ether strain (C-O-C). NMR data showed that the isolate had the molecular formula of C 21 H 22 O 10 , and its molecular weight confirmed by MS spectrometer was obtained m/z 434. Isolates from this ethyl acetate fraction were suspected as dyhydrokaempferol-3-O-ramnoside or engeletin.

This research's background is the importance of understanding the concept of chemical equilibrium material to understand the complex chemical interactions. This material is seen as one of the most difficult subjects in learning chemistry at the school and university level, so it requires a good understanding of studying it. A good and appropriate understanding of learning chemistry requires scientific thinking skills. This study aimed to analyze the effect of guided inquiry learning models based on multiple representations on student learning outcomes in chemical equilibrium material. The design of this study used a Pre-Experimental Design with a One-Shot Case Study model. The subjects in this study were 25 students of the Chemistry Education program at Billfath University who took the Basic Chemistry course. The data was collected using the Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning (CTSR) instrument and test questions on the learning outcomes of chemical equilibrium material. The data analysis technique in this study used a non-parametric statistical test with a t-test. The results showed (1) the learning outcomes of students with high scientific thinking skills were higher than students with low scientific thinking skills, (2) there was a significant effect of the guided inquiry learning model based on multiple representations on student learning outcomes.