This groundbreaking study delves into the intricate tapestry of demographic and social challenges precipitated by the burgeoning phenomenon of gender transition. It aspires to equip governments and societies with the foresight necessary for long-term strategic planning, while simultaneously fostering a profound ethical discourse on the interplay between gender identity, reproductive rights, and the continuity of human lineage, In cognizance of this profound gravity and the concomitant ethical imperative, the researcher's conceptualization of the subject matter was crystallized. Employing a multifaceted methodology, the research harnesses the power of sequential exploratory design, rigorous systematic literature review, and sophisticated statistical modeling. Its originality stems from a holistic analysis that seamlessly integrates biological, psychological, social, religious, and demographic dimensions within a cohesive framework. The findings unequivocally underscore the imperative for comprehensive policies to mitigate the far-reaching impacts of gender transition. The study illuminates the grave societal repercussions stemming from the psychological deterioration often accompanying transition, including elevated suicide rates. It quantifies the economic burden, revealing a 12% surge in healthcare expenditures and a 7% escalation in social welfare costs. Projections extrapolated from current trends portend a potential existential threat to societal vitality and continuity, raising the specter of human lineage extinction. This research provides an invaluable knowledge base for policymakers, offering innovative methodologies and insights crucial for addressing this complex phenomenon. The multidimensional nature of the study's impact accentuates the necessity for a holistic, interdisciplinary approach in confronting the myriad challenges posed by escalating gender transition rates in contemporary society.

This article examines the complex interplay between meaning, translation, and interpretation, particularly when dealing with religious books such as the Quran. It contends that getting a fully accurate comprehension requires going beyond a literal translation of words. Careful consideration of the surrounding context, historical backdrop, and author's intended message is required. The investigation digs into several approaches to interpretation, including Western hermeneutics, which focuses on historical and cultural knowledge. It also looks at Islamic exegesis ("tafsir"), which focuses on the Quran's rich legacy of interpretation. The article emphasises the necessity of understanding cultural nuances and the ever-changing nature of language in guaranteeing efficient communication. The closing remarks emphasise that understanding these complexity is more than just an intellectual effort. Rather, it holds the key to promoting cross-cultural communication and connection throughout history. Recognising the delicate interplay between meaning, translation, and interpretation allows us to obtain a better grasp of not only sacred writings, but also the wide landscapes of human communication.

ABSTRACT: This article explores issues related to the English auxiliaries must, can, and may, which are well-documented in scientific literature. These models are considered polysemous words, with distinct semantic values and specific syntactic behaviors. However, they are all linked to the fundamental concepts of possibility and necessity, which are central to this study. RESUME : Cet article cherche à explorer certains problèmes touchant, de près ou de loin, aux auxiliaires anglais must, can et may, qui sont, rappelons-le, particulièrement documentés dans le paysage scientifique. Ces modaux paradigmatiques sont souvent envisagés en tant que mots polysémiques. En effet, ils s’attribuent, dans leurs emplois énonciatifs, des valeurs sémantiques distinctes, en s’associant ainsi à des comportements syntaxiques spécifiques. Cependant, ces derniers modaux sont tous intrinsèquement liés à deux notions fondamentales : possibilité et nécessité. Ces points retiendront notre attention, dans ce travail.

Every science has a beginning and an end, between them there is development and prosperity, and in many cases the thought stops on a matter, which is the case of the Arabic rhetoric that has entered the stage of darkness and stood for centuries to ruminate on what it has reached, The scholars continued to explain and summarize the work of the knife, which was considered by some scholars the first reason for the rigidity of rhetoric and its transformation into dry logical rules, Until Al-Faraj came to her at the hands of the modernists, who dug into their heritage trying to explore its hidden potentials with approaches that combined tradition and modernity without compromising it, so some of them went to read the rhetorical heritage according to traditional contextual approaches, such as Shawqi Daif, Abdul Aziz Atiq and others, Others followed the reading of rhetorical heritage according to modern methodological approaches, as did Hammadi Samoud, Duration of life, Meddi Abdul Muttalib and others. Their reading was a combination between originality and contemporary, taking into account the principles that fit with their heritage and identity, trying to show the intersection of Arabic rhetoric and modern studies, so how was that?

This paper seeks to draw parallels between the botanical characteristics of certain trees and plants mentioned in John Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men—notably the willow, sycamore, alfalfa, and weeds—and the identities of characters such as Lennie, George, Slim, and Curley’s wife. First, the willow symbolizes the grief and harsh working conditions endured by the ranch hands, as its leaves are bitter. Additionally, the willow may evoke the destruction of Willows, California, by dust storms during the Great Depression, reinforcing themes of loss. Second, alfalfa represents the ranch hands’ hope for a prosperous life, as it is a flowering plant with vibrant purple leaves, suggesting vitality and growth. Third, the California sycamore, known for its hard-to-split timber, symbolizes the unity among the ranchers and the tough, bleak atmosphere within the ranch. Finally, the term “weed” refers to an unwanted plant, reflecting the sense of undesirability that follows George and Lennie wherever they go. Weed also symbolizes the various disruptions faced by the ranch hands, as it is as noxious and troublesome as Curley’s wife who frequently causes problems, especially for George and Lennie.

21st century individuals, in the overly industrialized civilization, have been molded by a generality of what an average man should be. What he should have, how he should act and what kind of relationships he should form with other fellow men. Yet, he still believes his freedom intact. This paper, aims to study how industrialism from the modernist age as depicted in D.H Lawrence’s fiction and non-fiction, has progressed further into enclosing the individual inside a materialist cage labeled as “freedom” turning him into an automaton, one copy of the rest, enmeshing his individuality and spontaneity as an original being, capable of creative achievements, causing his self to disintegrate into different neurotic forms of love and coping. as well as the social psychologist Erich Fromm’s empirical analysis of this disintegration in our contemporary society, which has progressed further since the modernist age. Thus, this paper adopts a psychoanalytical and socio-cultural approach based on Erich Fromm’s theories of love and disintegration to analyse D.H Lawrence’s characters in “The Rainbow” and examine his prophetic insights in relation to the disintegration of the individual in our contemporary society.

ABSTRACT: Max Ernst and Marguerite Duras are artists who have had an intimate relationship with exile and melancholy. These two themes can be found in both their biographical and artistic backgrounds. On the one hand, Max Ernst, a German painter who spent part of his life in exile, whose paintings are imbued with a melancholy and poetic quality that runs through all his artistic creativity; on the other, Marguerite Duras also experienced exile. In this article, we examine the aspects of exile in the two artistic paths. We will show how the images of Indochina and the United States present themselves on a symbolic level, characterising geographical exile in relation to social exile. To this end, the exile of the 'self' drives them to search for themselves and their fragmented, melancholic unity. Sometimes this is the image of a painting, sometimes it is the image of an evoked narrative, allowing the exile to be inscribed thematically. This article examines the importance and functions of exile in the work of Max Ernst and Marguerite Duras. We analyse the paintings and the writings to affirm that the organisation of the image and the text is oriented towards an artistic creative evolution of exile. RÉSUMÉ : Max Ernst et Marguerite Duras sont des artistes qui ont approché intimement l'exil et la mélancolie. Ainsi, note-on que ces deux thèmes s'y retrouvent autant dans leurs parcours biographique qu’artistique. D’une part, Max Ernst, peintre allemand a passé une partie de sa vie en exil dont ses tableaux sont emprunts d'une mélancolie et de poéticité qui traversent toute sa créativité artistique ; d’autre part, Marguerite Duras a connu aussi l'exil. Dans le cadre de notre article, on examine les aspects de l'exil dans les deux cheminements artistiques. Nous montrerons comment se présentent les images de l'Indochine et des États-Unis sur le plan symbolique qui caractérisent des exils géographiques mis en relation avec l'exil social. Pour ce faire, l'exil du « moi » les pousse à la recherche d'eux-mêmes et de leur unité fragmentée et mélancolique. Celle-ci est parfois, une image d’un tableau, d’autre fois celle d’une narration évoquée permettant ainsi l'inscription thématique de l'exil. Cet article interroge l'importance et les fonctionnements de l'exil autant dans la production de Max Ernst que celle de Marguerite Duras. Nous procédons à l’analyse des tableaux et des écrits pour affirmer que l'organisation de l'image et du texte est orientée vers une évolution créative artistique de l'exil.

From the period of the 1990s onward, there has been the proliferation of jokes and joke performances in verbal, public, and media settings across Africa. This is not unconnected to the fermented democratic atmosphere and the gradual but steady entrenchment of democratic values and freedom away from the earlier dictatorial military regimes of time past. Jokes have transformed the public space of modern isolated existence and have emerged to review, even solve a horde of physical and mental problems in its enablement of laughter even in the taboo topics or disaster moments. Jokes’ position to illuminate the harsh realities of contemporary existence, galvanize, and transform the vulnerable is fortified in view of the enigmatic being of liberal democracy in Africa, the existential narratives of civil strife, the state actors’ poetics of abstraction, the presence of violence, crime, and the politics of exclusion that characterize modernity. This work, using Elliot Oring’s model of “appropriate incongruity,” interrogates the expanding relevance of jokes in multidisciplinary fields in Africa with a view to reducing physical and mental lassitude and creating an atmosphere for better wellness and more active approach to work and life generally. The work recommends the establishment of associations for applied jokes, and the formation of joke seminars, joke rooms/offices, comedy carts, and lectures in medical schools and elsewhere by governments, corporate organizations, educational and health institutions.

ABSTRACT: The present research aims at gathering the main verses of Al Quran that relate invocations and its merits in Islam, by translating them to Spanish language, for the Hispanic community readers, essentially by highlighting the importance of Duaa and invocating Allah among Muslims. The recompilation was taken from the book of Nasir Eddine Alalbany, and the translation of the verses taken from el coran y sus sentidos traducido por Abdelghani Melara Navio, it shows difficulties in understanding the religious meanings, especially by Tafsir, and transferring those meaning to Spanish readers is a challenge both to keep the right meaning and reflecting islam religion. RESUMEN: La presente investigación tiene como objetivo recopilar los principales versos del Coran que tratan las invocaciones y sus méritos en el Islam, traduciéndolos al idioma español, para los lectores de la comunidad hispana, fundamentalmente destacando la importancia de Duaa e invocando a Allah entre los musulmanes. La compilación fue tomada del libro de Nasir Eddine Alalbany, y la traducción de los versos tomados del Corán y sus sentidos traducidos por Abdelghani Melara Navio, muestra dificultades para comprender los significados religiosos, especialmente por Tafsir, y trasladar esos significados a los lectores españoles queda un desafío tanto para mantener el significado correcto como para reflejar la religión del Islam.

ABSTRACT: The article explores the relationship between humans, nature, and war through an analysis of Ljubica Milićević's novel Le chemin des pierres. The work transcends the author’s linguistic and cultural boundaries, reflecting her personal experiences of immigration and ecological concerns. The analysis demonstrates how the novel presents nature as a dynamic force rather than a passive backdrop. Furthermore, it examines war as a catalyst for human genocide and ecological geocide, emphasizing the need for environmental awareness. The narrative highlights the duality between nature and war, symbolizing the natural and the artificial, respectively. Natural elements such as water, air, earth, and fire are depicted as powerful deities, evoking philosophical notions of contrast and dualism. The analysis also underscores the importance of the female body and its connection to nature, illustrating the eternal cycle of life and transformation. In conclusion, the study underscores the need to respect nature and its laws to ensure a sustainable future. By integrating aesthetic and ecological aspects, the novel offers a profound reflection on contemporary challenges and humanity's responsibility toward its environment. RÉSUMÉ : L’article explore la relation entre l’homme, la nature et la guerre à travers l’analyse du roman Le chemin des pierres de Ljubica Milićević. L’œuvre transcende les frontières linguistiques et culturelles de l’auteure, reflétant ses expériences personnelles d’immigration et ses préoccupations écologiques. L’analyse démontre comment le roman aborde la nature comme un acteur dynamique et non simplement comme un cadre passif. En outre, il examine la guerre comme un catalyseur de génocide humain et géocide écologique, soulignant la nécessité de la conscience environnementale. Le récit met en lumière la dualité entre la nature et la guerre, symbolisant respectivement le naturel et l’artificiel. Les éléments naturels, tels que l’eau, l’air, la terre et le feu, sont présentés comme des divinités puissantes, rappelant les notions philosophiques de contraste et de dualisme. L’analyse souligne également l’importance du corps féminin et de son lien avec la nature, illustrant le cycle éternel de la vie et de la transformation. En conclusion, l’étude met en évidence la nécessité de respecter la nature et ses lois pour assurer un avenir durable. En intégrant les aspects esthétiques et écologiques, le roman offre une réflexion profonde sur les défis contemporains et la responsabilité de l’homme envers son environnement.