The teaching of Arabic speaking skills (Mahārah Kalām) often faces persistent challenges, particularly among learners in non-Arabic speaking environments who struggle to achieve fluency despite adequate grammatical knowledge. To address this gap, this study investigates the pedagogical potential of Arabic proverbs (al-amthāl al-‘arabiyyah) as culturally grounded tools for enhancing oral proficiency. Using a qualitative research design, the study was conducted with 30 undergraduate students of Arabic Language Education at Darullughah Wadda’wah International Islamic University. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model. The findings reveal three major outcomes: increased fluency and confidence through access to ready-made linguistic chunks, heightened cultural awareness and rhetorical sensitivity by engaging with moral and social values embedded in proverbs, and challenges in figurative comprehension and pragmatic application, which necessitate explicit instructional scaffolding. Despite these challenges, proverb-based pedagogy was shown to foster spontaneous communication, intercultural competence, and learner motivation. The study concludes that Arabic proverbs represent an effective pedagogical resource bridging linguistic knowledge and authentic oral expression, offering practical implications for Arabic language educators to integrate proverbs systematically into speaking activities and assessments.

The gap in research on Arabic language interference in Indonesian Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) lies in the predominant focus on formal classroom contexts, while understanding of its manifestation in daily informal communication remains limited. This study addresses this gap by investigating interference from Indonesian into Arabic during non-classroom interactions among female students (santri putri) of the Modern Robithoh Islamic Boarding School in Bandung. Using an intrinsic qualitative case study approach, data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed interactively. The findings reveal phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic interference, influenced by first language dominance, limited Arabic proficiency, psychological factors, and the sociolinguistic environment. These interference patterns negatively affect fluency and accuracy in Arabic. In response, the boarding school implements language development and immersion programs. This study highlights its novelty by exploring interference in the informal domain and recommends broader comparative studies and the integration of digital media to enhance communicative competence.

Teachers and learners of Arabic across various levels of education frequently encounter difficulties that impede the development of their linguistic competence. A principal challenge lies in the articulation of Arabic phonemes absent from their mother tongue, particularly for Indonesian speakers. This circumstance gives rise to phonological interference, namely the tendency to substitute unfamiliar sounds with those from their first language. To address this issue, the present study proposes the utilisation of Uslub al-Tabi’iyyah wa al- Muḥākāt (the method of natural imitation), which relies on spontaneous, unplanned articulatory patterns as the foundation for training in the pronunciation of unfamiliar phonemes. The researchers implemented an intensive training programme employing a direct procedural approach, encompassing the stages of analysis, design, implementation, evaluation, and reflection. The findings reveal that this method was positively received by both teachers and learners, as it was perceived as straightforward and consonant with their natural learning tendencies. However, learners continued to experience difficulties in pronouncingcertain consonants such as ṣād (ص), ḍād (ض), ṭāʾ (ط), and ẓāʾ (ظ) especially within words and sentences. These challenges were shaped by previous linguistic habits and constrained training time. Overall, the method of natural imitation has proven to be more practical, effective, and aligned with learners’ linguistic instincts, rendering it a viable primary option in pronunciation instruction, particularly at the introductory level.

Arabic speaking skill acquisition in Arabic Language Education (PBA) programs often faces challenges due to the lack of interactive teaching methods aligned with the language's complexity. This study addresses the gap by applying Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, which posits language develops through social interaction. This study addresses the prevalent gap in effective Arabic speaking pedagogy by integrating Vygotsky's sociocultural theory into a simulation-based learning model. It explores how such an approach enhances the speaking skills of students in an Arabic Language Education (PBA) program. Employing a qualitative case study design, the research investigates student experiences and perceptions within this interactive framework. Findings demonstrate a significant improvement in students' Arabic speaking proficiency, accompanied by elevated confidence and motivation. The study concludes that simulation models grounded in sociocultural theory offer a potent pedagogical innovation, contributing valuable insights to the discourse on communicative language teaching and the practical application of social learning paradigms in foreign language education.

Speaking skills are a critical component in learning Arabic as a foreign language, yet they are often neglected in curricula and teaching materials that tend to be text-dominant and lacking in Islamic religious context. This gap causes difficulties for students in achieving oral proficiency that aligns with their academic and spiritual needs. This development research aims to create a speaking skills textbook that integrates Islamic values and utilizes picture cards as an interactive medium for foreign learners in the Arabic Language Education Study Program at Universitas Islam Nurul Jadid. Adapting the Borg & Gall model, the research involved needs analysis, design, expert validation, and limited trials. The needs analysis confirmed the inadequate attention given to speaking skills and a strong desire for religiously nuanced teaching materials. A trial with 17 students showed a statistically significant improvement, indicating the product's effectiveness. The study concludes that integrating cultural values with a visual-interactive pedagogical approach can enhance oral skills learning. It is hoped this product can be adapted more broadly and combined with digital media.

Mastery of basic Arabic sentence construction for beginners is often hindered by monotonous, memorization-focused teaching methods, creating a need for innovative approaches that facilitate creative understanding. This quasi-experimental study investigates the effectiveness of Mind Bunyan Cards, a visual tool for sentence structuring, in enhancing Arabic writing skills. Involving 42 student participants, the study compared an experimental group (using the cards) with a control group (conventional method). Test data were analyzed using ANCOVA, controlling for pre-test scores. Results showed a statistically significant difference (F(1,39) = 13.52, p = 0.001) in favor of the experimental group, with a substantial effect size (ηp² = 0.257), indicating that 25.7% of the skill improvement is attributable to the intervention. These findings validate the tool's effectiveness as an innovative learning medium that shifts the paradigm from mechanical memorization to meaningful and creative sentence formation.

Traditional Nahwu (Arabic syntax) teaching materials often lack interactivity and fail to engage students, leading to difficulties in grasping complex grammatical concepts. To address this gap, this research and development (R&D) study aimed to design and evaluate interactive digital-based Nahwu teaching materials. Following the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation), the study involved needs analysis, prototype design, and trials with students and lecturers. The findings demonstrate that the developed digital resource, enriched with quizzes, animations, explanatory videos, and educational games, significantly enhances student engagement, motivation, and conceptual understanding. This study confirms the effectiveness of interactive digital tools in Arabic language education and contributes a validated model for innovating Nahwu instruction.

This study addresses the empirical gap in research on the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in learning Arabic for students with disabilities within Distance Learning contexts. To bridge this literature gap, the study examines the effectiveness of AI in enhancing Arabic language comprehension. Using a qualitative approach involving observation, interviews, and assessments, it evaluates improvements in vocabulary mastery, sentence structure understanding, and learner engagement. The implementation of AI features such as text-to-speech technology, interactive chatbots, and automated feedback demonstrated significant results in vocabulary retention and learning enthusiasm. However, technical challenges were identified, including unstable internet connectivity and interface accessibility issues for students with physical disabilities. The findings confirm the strategic potential of AI as an inclusive learning tool while recommending the development of more accessible platforms. Further research is needed to refine the effectiveness and accessibility of AI tools in Distance Learning for learners with disabilities.

The increasing use of machine translation (MT) on social media poses challenges for cross-linguistic and cross-cultural understanding, as these systems often fail to capture contextual meaning and cultural nuances. This study analyzes the techniques and quality of MT in social media content, an area with limited prior research. Using a qualitative-descriptive method, the study evaluates captions from Instagram @alarabiya by applying Molina & Albir's (2002) translation technique theory and Nababan's (2012) translation quality assessment scale. Analysis of 18 data samples revealed the dominance of the literal translation technique (27.27%). The quality assessment yielded average scores below the 'adequate' category in readability (μ=2.24), acceptability (μ=2.43), and accuracy (μ=2.50) on a 1-5 scale. These findings confirm the limitations of MT in processing informative texts rich in cultural context, resulting in outputs that tend to be difficult to understand, less acceptable, and inaccurate. This study highlights the urgency of enhancing cultural sensitivity in MT development and the importance of user literacy in critically engaging with automated translation outputs on digital platforms.

A critical gap exists between the theoretical importance of Arabic language environments in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and their practical implementation effectiveness. While previous research has identified various obstacles in Arabic language learning, comprehensive analysis of implementation conditions and systemic challenges in Riau Province remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining Arabic language environment implementation conditions in 12 pesantren in Riau Province using qualitative exploratory case study design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with pesantren leaders, participant observation, and document analysis. Thematic analysis with triangulation was used for data analysis. Findings reveal a significant gap between policy and practice: 58.3% of pesantren have formal regulations but only 33.3% require full Arabic communication. Main challenges include Santri psychological factors (58.3% shyness/lack of confidence), limited competent teachers (50%), and inadequate facilities (41.7% have no supporting facilities, 0% have language laboratories). Program effectiveness is low (58.3% rate as less effective) with traditional approaches dominating (66.7% daily vocabulary memorization). However, 100% of leaders support the program and 66.7% of Santri are religiously motivated. The study recommends a holistic implementation model integrating five components: strengthening regulations, improving human resources, developing facilities, implementing communicative programs, and establishing evaluation systems. This research contributes to theoretical understanding of language environment implementation and provides practical recommendations for strengthening Arabic language programs in pesantren.