The phenomenon of the declining population of Timor deer (Rusa timorensis) has led the Indonesian government to designate them as a protected species. Captive breeding has become an effort to conserve Timor deer, and daily behavior serves as a measure of the success of the breeding program. The objective of this research was to evaluate the daily behavior patterns of Timor deer fawns, including movement, feeding, resting, social, alert, eliminative, and grooming behavior at the CV. Bahtera Satwa Breeding Center. Data collection for the research was conducted over 14 days using the scan sampling method. The results showed significant differences (p<0.05) in movement behavior, feeding, resting, social, and eliminative behavior between morning, afternoon, and evening. The frequency of social behavior in deer fawn was observed more often than in other behaviors, while the duration of resting activities was higher compared to other activities. The conclusion of this study was that the daily behavior patterns of Timor deer fawns, consisting of social and resting behaviors, were consistently performed in the morning and afternoon. The social behavior exhibited by the fawns was an effort to interact and explore their environment, while resting behavior was used to avoid heat and recover energy after morning activities.

Kesejahteraan hewan menjadi aspek penting yang perlu diperhatikan dan diterapkan dalam pemotongan hewan ternak, termasuk pemotongan pada itik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi tingkat praktik kesejahteraan hewan pada proses penyembelihan itik di pasar tradisional di Kota Bogor. Pemotongan itik di Kota Bogor hanya dilakukan di tiga pasar dengan total keseluruhan terdapat tujuh pemotongan sehingga seluruhnya dijadikan sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung dan penilaian terhadap praktik kesejahteraan hewan dengan menggunakan checklist yang terdapat dalam Pedoman Pembinaan Kesrawan Pada Unit Usaha Produk Hewan Tahun 2023. Aspek kesejahteraan hewan yang dinilai meliputi aspek kedatangan, istirahat, pra-penyembelihan, penyembelihan, sumber daya manusia, dan rencana darurat. Kategori penilaian tingkat praktik kesejahteraan hewan dikategorikan menjadi baik, sedang, dan buruk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 71% pemotongan itik di pasar tradisional di Kota Bogor berkategori sedang, sementara 29% berkategori buruk, dan tidak ada pemotongan berkategori baik. Penyimpangan ini banyak terjadi pada aspek kedatangan, pr-penyembelihan, sumber daya manusia, dan rencana darurat. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan peningkatan praktik kesejahteraan melalui program Edukasi, Informasi, dan Komunikasi serta perlu dilakukan pemantauan pemotongan itik secara berkala oleh instansi terkait.

Sporotrichosis is a subcutaneous and systemic mycotic infection affecting humans and animals. It is caused by a pathogenic dimorphic fungus of the genus Sporothrix. This study aimed to identify the clinical signs, prevalence, and risk factors of sporotrichosis in pet cats in Denpasar city. The sample of this study was the skin surface of cats, with a total sample of 101 cats. This study was conducted from November 2024 to January 2025. The examination method was carried out in four ways: physical examination, acetate tape preparation, and impression smear. The collection of skin surface samples was then examined by cytological techniques (Diff-Quik Staining). The results of this study showed that the clinical signs of one sporotrichosis-positive female cat included pruritus with a score of 4/10 in the head, face, and ear areas; the texture of the skin surface was rather rough and dry; there were crusts in the area between the right and left eyes; there was a lot of squama on most of her body's skin; and there was purulent discharge in both nostrils. The prevalence of sporotrichosis in pet cats in Denpasar city was 1%. Statistical analysis showed that factors such as sex, age, breed, husbandry, presence or absence of skin wounds, bathing frequency, and sterilization status were not risk factors for sporotrichosis.

Tuberkulosis sapi (bTB) disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis). Tuberkulosis sapi pada sapi perah diyakini berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan kasus tuberkulosis karena dapat menular ke manusia (zoonosis), sehingga disebut Tuberkulosis Zoonotik. Penularan melalui mulut dapat terjadi dengan mengonsumsi susu atau produk susu yang terkontaminasi bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi infeksi M. bovis sebagai bagian dari upaya mitigasi risiko penyakit bawaan makanan pada susu. Metode yang digunakan adalah bersifat deskriptif kualitatif, menggunakan pewarnaan AFB dan PCR dengan gen MPB70, RD1, CSB1, CSB2, dan CSB3 sebagai target amplifikasi DNA. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi pada 60 sampel susu yang diuji dengan metode pewarnaan AFB adalah 0% (negatif), dan pada 6 sampel (10% dari semua sampel) yang diuji dengan PCR, prevalensi juga 0%. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada M. bovis dalam sampel susu, menunjukkan risiko yang saat ini rendah, tetapi pemantauan berkelanjutan, diagnostik yang ditingkatkan, dan kolaborasi interdisipliner diperlukan untuk mengurangi penularan zoonotik dan dampak ekonomi. Upaya pencegahan dan pengendalian bTB di Indonesia berfokus pada promosi kesehatan seperti menghindari kontak dengan hewan terinfeksi, memasak daging secara menyeluruh, dan mengonsumsi susu olahan

Metabolic rate and oxygen saturation are crucial factors in understanding the physiology of fruit bats (Cynopterus titthaecheilus and Cynopterus brachyotis). This study aims to evaluate the resting metabolic rate and oxygen saturation in bats and their relationship to flight physiology. A total of 32 bats were categorized based on species, sex, and age. Metabolic rate was measured using a metabolic chamber method, while oxygen saturation was monitored using a patient monitoring system. The results showed that bat metabolism is influenced by various factors, including age and sex, without a significant correlation with body mass. Adult female bats exhibited highly fluctuating metabolic rates, possibly due to hormonal factors and increased energy demands during lactation. Additionally, C. titthaecheilus had an oxygen saturation of 94%±2.00 for males and 94%±1.73 for females, whereas C. brachyotis showed 98%±0.00 in males and 87%±4.16 in females. The high oxygen saturation in bats indicates an efficient oxygen transport system that supports their high metabolic activity during flight. This study provides insights into the physiological strategies of bats in maintaining high metabolism and oxygenation capacity, which are relevant to their ecology and overall health.

Haemonchus contortus merupakan salah satu parasit ruminansia yang patogen dan telah mengembangkan kemampuan resistensi terhadap pengobatan antelmintik sintetik. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efektivitas antelmintik ekstrak daun kemangi pada skala mikro meter secara in vitro terhadap telur, larva infektif (L3), dan cacing dewasa H. contortus. Efektivitas tiga macam konsentrasi mikroherbal (10, 5, dan 1%) diuji melalui egg hatch assay, larval motility inhibition test, and adult worm motility inhibition assay. Kelompok kontrol negatif menggunakan PBS 10% sementara kontrol positif menggunakan Albendazole 10 mg/ml. Data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan mikroherbal konsentrasi tertinggi memiliki efek yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan Albendazole (p>0,05), baik terhadap telur, L3, maupun cacing dewasa. Penghambatan motilitas seluruh cacing dewasa terjadi pada 1-4 jam pertama paparan mikroherbal 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mikroherbal daun kemangi efektif dijadikan antelmintik terhadap berbagai stadium H. contortus.

Ricketssiosis ditularkan oleh tikus baik secara kontak langsung maupun gigitan ektoparasit. Ektoparasit merupakan parasit vector penularan penyakit rickettsia yang hidupnya pada permukaan tubuh atau di bagian luar inangnya. Ektoparasit yang sering ditemukan di tikus salah satunya tungau. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui indeks ekologi ektoparasit tungau pada tikus yang tertangkap di Kota Semarang dan Kabupaten Demak pada bulan Juni – Agustus 2023. Penelitian ini adalah observasional deskriptif dengan metode yang digunakan survey rodent dengan teknik yaitu teknik accidental sampling. Jumlah tikus yang tertangkap sebanyak 218 ekor dengan jenis Rattus Norvegicus, Rattus Norvegicus javanus, Rattus Tanezumi, Rattus Argentiventer, Suncus Murinus, Mus Musculus. Hasil spesies tungau yang ditemukan yaitu Laelaps nutalli, Laelaps turkestanicus, Eulaelaps stabularis, Echinolaelaps echidninus, Dermanyssus gallinae, Ornithonyssus bacoti dengan total 2.116 individu. Rata-rata nilai indeks keanekaragaman adalah 1,00 (Semarang) dan 0,78 (Demak) termasuk kategori sedang dan tinggi. Banyaknya tikus yang tertangkap dan banyaknya tungau memengaruhi kesehatan lingkungan, terutama manusia. Kelimpahan tungau Laelaps nutalli perlu diwaspadai karena sebagai salah satu yang berpeluang menularkan murine typhus.

This study evaluates the effectivity and safety of Endo-1,4 -xylanase (Xylanase), Endo-1,3(4) beta-glucanase (Beta-glucanase), Endo-1,4 beta-glucanase (Cellulase), and α Amylase that packed in Ronozyme-AX ct (MGHSPHYT+) as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoter. A total of 64 chickens were used, divided into four groups, with each group divided into two replicates, 8 chickens per replicate. The groups were divided into treatment group, and groups administered with the different dosage of supplementation, namely 184, 230, and 276 gram/ton feed for 28 days, consecutively. Parameters such as weekly weight gain, final weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), and carcass weight were observed to determine growth performance. Meanwhile, parameters such as mortality, blood hematology and biochemistry were observed to determine the safety of the supplementation. Based on the results, there was a significant difference on weekly weight gain, particularly in the second week, and in the final weight, with the group administered with 184 gram/ton feed showing the highest result. Meanwhile, other parameters such as FCR and carcass weight did not show any significant difference. This may be due to the enzymes not working directly to increase feed utilization but work with improving nutrient digestibility and utilization in the body. The safety parameters showed that the supplementation was relatively safe as no significant difference was observed in mortality, blood constituents and biochemistry.

Enzyme has been used widely as a feed additive to complement poultry needs of nutrition. Endo-1,4 beta-xylanase as its main component, which is effective in digesting non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs), hence improving the digestive system. This research aims to observe the efficacy of Endo-1,4-β-xylanase as a growth promotor and its safety. A total of 96 chickens were used in this research, divided into four groups. Administration depending on each group was conducted for 28 days, consecutively. Growth parameters that were observed includes body weight gain and feed conversion ratio, meanwhile for safety assessment, the parameters used were mortality rate, and blood profile. Based on the results, the enzyme was proven to enhance growth performance through the increased body weight gain and final weight. This is due to the enzyme’s mechanism which improves nutrient utilization. Based on the safety assessment, Endo-1,4-β-xylanase was also proven to be safe, not causing any inflammation responses in the body nor organ damage based on the blood assessment.

The growth and development of ovary in teleost fish will determine the quality of larvae. This research was designed to accelerate gonad growth of catfish fed ration supplemented with katuk extract (0.6 g/kg), turmeric powder (4.8 g/kg), and vitamin C (599 mg/kg). The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments: CON (Control), SA (Katuk extract), TU (Turmeric powder), VC (vitamin C), SATU (Katuk extract and Turmeric powder), SAVC (Katuk extract and vitamin C), TUVC (Turmeric powder and vitamin C), and COM (Katuk extract, Turmeric powder, and vitamin C). The treatmenst were given for 2 months. Parameters measured were body weight, gonad weight, gonado-somatic index, ovary histology, and oocyte diameter. The results showed that supplementations of katuk extract, turmeric powder, and vitamin C produce higher GSI and gonad weights. Oocytes in catfish supplemented with katuk extract, turmeric powder, and vitramin C reached endogenous vitellogenesis phase while in control catfish a number of oocytes were in previtellogenesis phase. Oocytes diameters of endogenous vitellogenesis phase in COMB catfish (603.60±99.09 µm) were higher than those in control catfish (412.60±39.76 µm). Supplementation of catfish with katuk extract, turmeric powder, and vitamin C can accelerate oocytes growth and development and improved quality.