Food waste is a pressing global challenge with substantial environmental, economic, and social consequences. Generation Z, characterized by dynamic consumption patterns and increasing exposure to sustainability discourses, represents a crucial demographic for understanding the drivers behind food waste reduction intentions. This study aims to examine the relationship between minimalist lifestyle orientation and the intention to reduce food waste among Generation Z, while also assessing the roles of environmental concern, ethical consumption, awareness of behavioral consequences, determination of responsibility, personal norms, and self-reporting behavior. A quantitative research design was implemented, involving 104 Generation Z respondents who completed an online Likert-scale questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation to determine the strength and significance of associations between the variables. The results reveal that environmental concern, ethical consumption, awareness of behavioral consequences, personal norms, and self-reporting behavior are significantly and positively correlated with the intention to reduce food waste. In contrast, minimalist lifestyle and determination of responsibility show no significant correlation with this intention. These findings indicate that psychological and ethical factors are more influential than lifestyle orientation in shaping young consumers’ motivation to reduce food waste. The study contributes valuable insights for designing targeted educational initiatives and sustainability programs aimed at promoting responsible food practices among Generation Z.

This research investigates the mediating role of organizational commitment in the relationship between work-family conflict and turnover intention among employees of PT. Hatten Bali Tbk. The study is motivated by the company’s high turnover rate, which surpasses the normal threshold, and the growing challenge of balancing work and family responsibilities. Data were collected through interviews and structured questionnaires. A purposive sampling technique was employed to obtain 65 married employees as respondents. Data analysis was carried out using the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method with SmartPLS 4.1 software. The empirical results demonstrate that work-family conflict has a positive and significant effect on turnover intention, while exerting a negative and significant impact on organizational commitment. In addition, organizational commitment shows a negative and significant effect on turnover intention. The findings further confirm that organizational commitment partially mediates the effect of work-family conflict on turnover intention. These results highlight the strategic importance of fostering organizational commitment as a mechanism to reduce the adverse consequences of work-family conflict and minimize employees’ intention to leave. Theoretically, this study enriches the development of the Three-Component Model of organizational commitment, while practically offering valuable insights for human resource management in formulating effective retention strategies.

The study assessed the spatial analysis of flood risk zones in Osun State, Nigeria. The study made use of landuse/land cover data, elevation data, soil types and flood dates to compute the flood risk zones in Osun State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were applied for the study. Findings showed that in 2017, flood was detected in 16 LGAs of the state, comprising Iwo, Egbedore, Bolorunduro, Boripe, Ife North, Aiyedire, Ejigbo, Ila, Irepodun, Irewole, Isokan, Odo-Otin, Ola Oluwa, Osogbo LGAs which were 13 in number. These increased to 30 LGAs in 2023. Some towns identified included Esa Oke, Oranran, Bode Osi, Ode-Olowo, Ajebandele, Olode Ifon, Modogbon, Aketa and Ikoyi. Between 2017 and 2018, flood extent increased from 0.076 sq. km to 0.078 sq. km while in 2019, a marked increase of 0.293 sq. km was discovered and in 2023, it was 1.348 sq km. between 2017 and 2023, central and western LGAs such as Osogbo, Ede North, Ede South, Ife Central, Iwo, Isokan, and Aiyedire emerged as flood recurrent hotspots due to low-lying terrain, urbanization, and poor drainage. Eastern LGAs such as Oriade, and Obokun were less affected due to higher elevation and vegetation cover. Moreover, annual flood-impacted LGAs increased with increasing time. Similarly, the flooded area increased from 2017 to 2023, exposing the weakness of current structural measures under extreme rainfall. The study thus recommended that the government should enforce floodplain zoning that can restrict high-density settlements in very vulnerable zones; adopt nature-based solutions which can protect wetlands and expand urban green spaces for natural water retention; and control land use expansion to implement urban containment policies to limit impervious surface growth.

Bangladesh’s software industry has emerged as one of the fastest-growing contributors to the digital economy, supported by an increasingly tech-savvy youth population and global outsourcing opportunities. However, unlike its neighbors and competitors, Bangladesh lacks a dedicated software regulator and comprehensive regulatory framework. This vacuum has led to significant risks including revenue leakages, weak consumer protection, unmonitored exports, and vulnerability to cyber threats. The absence of a clear governance structure not only hinders investor confidence but also undermines the country’s long-term ambition to transform into a “Smart Bangladesh.” By comparing Bangladesh with India, Singapore, and the European Union, this paper demonstrates how the absence of regulation has already cost the nation billions in untapped revenues and global market share. It proposes the creation of a Bangladesh Software Regulatory Authority (BSRA), drafting of a Software Act, integration with international standards, implementation of revenue monitoring systems, and adoption of a regulatory sandbox for innovation. The study concludes that without urgent reforms, Bangladesh risks losing its competitive advantage in the global technology race.

This paper investigates the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in modern healthcare systems, emphasizing its impact on predictive, preventive, and personalized care delivery. It begins by defining key concepts, including intelligent healthcare systems and the critical pillars of predictive, preventive, and personalized care. The paper reviews the latest literature on AI applications in healthcare, exploring the integration of AI technologies with healthcare infrastructure, and discusses various AI techniques, including machine learning, deep learning, and big data analytics, that are employed to enhance healthcare outcomes. Theoretical and architectural frameworks supporting AI-driven healthcare are examined, and methodological approaches to implementation are discussed. Real-world case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of AI in improving early diagnosis, personalizing treatment, and reducing healthcare costs. Key challenges, including technical hurdles, ethical concerns, regulatory limitations, and data privacy issues, are addressed. The paper concludes with a discussion on future research directions, emphasizing the need for robust evidence, integration into clinical workflows, and scalability of AI systems to ensure equitable and sustainable healthcare solutions. The ultimate goal is to highlight how AI-enabled systems can transition healthcare from a reactive to a proactive, individualized approach to care, benefiting both patients and healthcare providers.

This study compares the environmental impacts of landfilling and recycling in the U.S., focusing on greenhouse gas emissions, predictability, and circular economy outcomes. Using qualitative thematic analysis of secondary data from EPA reports, peer-reviewed articles, and case studies, the research highlights that landfills provide predictable methane emissions under regulatory monitoring, while recycling outcomes vary due to contamination, downcycling, and global trade dependencies. Findings indicate that recycling offers significant potential for emissions reduction and economic benefits, but these gains require infrastructure investment and policy support. The paper concludes that integrating predictable landfill management with optimized recycling strategies is essential for achieving sustainability goals.

Pet animals especially cat populations are being popular day by day throughout the country. But several diseases affect serious health problem of thesecat and make worried their owners. Skin diseases/disorders are one of the most important problems among them. This retrospective study was aimed to know the occurrence of different skin diseases/disorders in cat and their distribution among different factors at Teaching and Training Pet Hospital and Research Center (TTPHRC), Purbachal of Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU). The data regarding skin issues were collected from the previously recorded case sheet for the period of January, 2023 to December, 2023. All data stored in excel worksheet and analyzed by stata 14.2 versions. About 399 cats were visited at the hospital for different skin issues during the study period. These data represented about 6.70% different skin diseases/disorders in cat. Among them bacterial dermatitis (25.56%) was the highest where as mixed infection (0.75%) and worm infestation (0.75%) were the lowest. Other skin diseases/disorders included allergy/atopic dermatitis (8.27%), fungal dermatitis (18.8%), fleas (10.53%) and mites (12.78%) infestation, feline acne (1.50%), feline psychogenic alopecia (5.26%) and nutritional deficiency disorders (15.79%). Among different factors, this study revealed the young cats (0-1 year) were significantly more susceptible (47.37%) (p<0.05). Rearing system was also considered as an important factor as cats which were reared semi-intensively, were more prone to the skin disorders. Irregularity of deworming and more importantly less concern of the pet owner’s on regular skin care played a vital role in the acceleration of skin problems in the cats. In conclusion, a good percentage of skin problems in cats are existing in the hospital cases. In addition, during young age regular skin care and deworming should be maintained to reduce skin problems in cats.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are vital to both the performance and integrity of organizations but they are prone to fraud, operational mistakes, and lapses in control. The study focuses on the question of whether the rate of control failure and financial stability of middle-market manufacturing companies can be reduced significantly through the application of continuous controls monitoring (CCM) dashboards and segregation of duties (SoD) rulebooks. Although theoretical potential of algorithmic controls has been explained in previous studies, little empirical evidence exists on the actual impact of algorithmic controls in the real world. To fill this gap, we used a quasi-experimental difference-in-differences (DiD) design of ERP logs, governance ticketing data, and accounts payable/receivable records of N=24 business units (12 treated, 12 controls) in 6 manufacturing firms during 18 months. Findings display statistically significant decreases in the control-failure rates ( 0.42, SE=0.08, p=0.001), financial write-offs (0.127K, SE=31K, p=0.001), and the indicators of fraud in the treated and control units. The times of remediation survival analysis showed efficiency improvement in cases where real-time dashboards were faster in detecting and responding (HR=2.1, 95% CI: 1.6-2.8). The results confirm the practical efficiency of algorithmic governance tools, which can be explained by the theoretical predictions according to which automation makes processes more accountable and robust. The deliverables are standardized SoD rulebook and CCM dashboard template with SHAP-based explanation of anomalies, which provide governance practitioners with a set of mechanisms that can be implemented to enhance ERP controls. This research paper can serve as a contribution to the literature on governance, ESG finance, and AI-based risk management because of the theory-practice gap. Although restricted to a mid-market production and narrowed-down ERP systems, the findings relate to the common issues of automation/compliance and financial feasibility.

This study examines how eco-friendly farming practices affect the technical efficiency of grafted tomato production in Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh. Primary data was collected from 210 tomato producers using the multistage sampling technique. The collected data was analyzed to estimate technical efficiency and its determinants by employing stochastic frontier analysis (SFA). Results found that tomato farmers were about 71% efficient, which implies that tomato production could be increased by nearly 29% if resources and technology were used optimally. The study discovered that while higher input costs lowered productivity, using more land, labor, and tractors helped enhance tomato output. Education, household size, access to training, access to extension services, and experience with grafting improved efficiency, whereas leasing land and earning income from non-farming activities caused a lowering of efficiency. Eco-friendly practices like mixed cropping, using vermicompost, yellow sticky traps, pheromone traps, and mulching films significantly improved efficiency, making farmers 2% to 98% more efficient than those who didn’t adopt these methods. These practices helped better manage inputs, control pests, and maintain healthy soil, boosting both productivity and environmental sustainability. Therefore, promoting eco-friendly tomato production practices through national programs, better extension services, improved credit access, and secure land rights can promote sustainable farming adoption and raise tomato production efficiency.

Background: Mangifera indica is a plant belonging to the Anacardiaceae family. It is traditionally used to treat a variety of conditions including diabetes, bronchitis, diarrhea, asthma, scabies, respiratory problems and urinary tract infections. The aim of the present work is to understand the use of Kent leaves in the treatment of urinary tract infections in traditional medicine. Methods: In this study, qualitative phytochemical tests based on detection by staining and tube precipitation of phenolic compounds were carried out. Bacterial susceptibility to infusions was determined by the agar diffusion method from wells. MICs and BMCs were determined by double dilution in liquid medium coupled with spreading on Mueller Hinton agar. Results: This work shows a dominance of sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic tannins, alkaloids and quinones in infusions extracts of kent cultivar. The most sensitive strain was the one with the lowest MIC (MIC = 3.125mg/mL) and the largest diameters (19.33 mm). This was S. aureus 9044. All the germs studied were resistant to at least two families of antibiotics. They are therefore multi-resistant. Conclusion: These results could stimulate the use of kent cultivar leaves in traditional environments for the treatment of urinary tract infections.