The paper includes the statistics of liver abscesses, etiology and related features of the diseases. The most common methods of conservative and surgical treatment of liver abscesses, currently used in surgical clinics of the Russian Federation, are presented. A small historical excursus about the existed methods of treatment is given in the paper. A comparative analysis of the currently used methods, their advantages and disadvantages is carried out. Some possible criteria for a certain method of treatment of liver abscesses are listed as well.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the effect of perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine on the frequency of delirium after myocardial revascularization.Material and methods.A retrospective analysis of the results of 1733 operations of myocardial revascularization was performed, as well as a prospective comparative study of postoperative period features in 568 patients.Results.The use of perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.2–0.4 μg/(kg•min) resulted in a significant (3.4 times,) decrease in the frequency of delirium, and in the case of the development of a syndrome resulted in the reducing its duration from (3,24±1,6) to (1,6±0,7) days and the need for prolonged artificial lungs ventilation (ALV), a decrease in the dose of haloperidol for arresting excitation.Conclusion.Perioperative infusion of dexmedetomidine reduces the frequency of delirium after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the case of delirium progression, the inclusion of dexmedetomidine in therapy reduces the duration of delirium, the need for ALV, and reduces the need for neuroleptics.

The objectiveof the study is еo evaluate the possibilities of videothoracoscopy in the cases of pleurisy of inflammatory nature of specific and non-specific etiology.Material and methods.We carried out the retrospective analysis of medical histories of 135 patients.. Parapneumonic pleurisy was diagnosed in 68 (54.4 %) patients, tuberculous pleurisy – in 57 (45.6 %) patients.Results.Videothoracoscopy was diagnostic procedure in 61.6 % of patients and was performed for the defragmentation of pleurisy in 38.4 % of patients. Videothoracoscopy allows exactly diagnosing the tuberculous pleurisy by means of biopsy in the absence of lesions on the pleura. Resistant parapneumonic pleurisy was diagnosed in 34.9 % of patients. In cases of parapneumonic resistant pleurisy, the pleurodesis reduces the time of the drainage by means of injection through the drainage of mixtures of betadine and concentrated solution of glucose.

The article describes the observation of successful total hip arthroplasty of protrusion coxarthrosis in the patient with end-stage renal disease.

The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of valvular bronchoblocation in the treatment of patients with purulent diseases of the lungs and pleura.Material and methods. 28 patients aged 15 to 66 years with bronchopleural fistulas were treated.Results. Positive dynamics was observed in 23 patients during the first 10–15 hours after blocking (cessation or reduction of air leakage through drainage or into the residual pleural cavity). In four patients, it was possible to stop the purulent-inflammatory process in the pleural cavities and perform thoracomyoplasty with good clinical results. In the presence of an inconsistency of the stump of the bronchus in 4 out of 5 patients, it was possible to effectively close the fistula and eliminate the residual pleural cavity.Conclusion. The use of valvular bronchoblocation in patients with acute purulent diseases of the lungs and the pleura allows achieving good results. The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of valvular bronchoblocation in the treatment of patients with purulent diseases of the lungs and pleura.Material and methods. 28 patients aged 15 to 66 years with bronchopleural fistulas were treated.Results. Positive dynamics was observed in 23 patients during the first 10–15 hours after blocking (cessation or reduction of air leakage through drainage or into the residual pleural cavity). In four patients, it was possible to stop the purulent-inflammatory process in the pleural cavities and perform thoracomyoplasty with good clinical results. In the presence of an inconsistency of the stump of the bronchus in 4 out of 5 patients, it was possible to effectively close the fistula and eliminate the residual pleural cavity.Conclusion. The use of valvular bronchoblocation in patients with acute purulent diseases of the lungs and the pleura allows achieving good results.

The objective was to study the efficacy of transcatheter arterial embolization of gastric and duodenal vessels and to determine the indications for its use in gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding.Material and methods. The study was based on the results of arterial embolization in 61 patients with gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding.Results. Transcatheter arterial embolization of the left gastric artery, its branches and the gastroduodenal artery with an adhesive glue composite based on N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate is highly effective in arresting bleeding permanently and preventing its relapse.Conclusion. Transcatheter arterial embolization is an alternative to the surgical treatment in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.

The objectiveof the study is to assess the efficacy of the invented in the clinic technique of sclerosurgical treatment of the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurisms.Material and methods.The analysis of the treatment of 40 patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurism was done. All patients were divided into two groups consisted of 20 patients. The first group of patients were treated using conventional technique. Patients from the second group were treated using sclerosurgical treatment. The aneurysm was neither opened nor resected. The aneurism was punctured and injected 4 ml of 70 % ethanol under ultrasound guidance.Results.The second group of patients had decreased both the postoperative complications and mortality rate by 10 % and 30 % respectively.Conclusion.The original technique of sclerosurgical treatment of the ruptured abdominal aortic aneurisms is effective and pathogenically supported.

The review includes the analysis of the literature data on the features of etiopathogenesis, clinic, tactics and results of treatment of infrarenal aortic aneurysm.

The objectiveof the article is to discuss diagnostic peculiarities of artificial pyoinflammatory diseases of soft tissues (APIDST).Material and methods.We analyzed the clinical data of 302 military men.Results.As compared to the non-artificial pyoinflammatory diseases of soft tissues of level 2-4 (PIDST of level 2-4), APIDST are characterized by the presence of local self-induced skin injuries that are mostly located on shins, the crepitation during palpation in the projection of the abnormal focus, and the signs of anaerobic infection (86.1%) and cellular-fascia-myositis (57.6%) during the surgical intervention in the lesion.Conclusion.The revealed clinical features of pathology should be taken into account in the treatment.

The review includes the analysis of the evolution of surgical suture in case of repairing the damaged flexor tendons of the fingers.