Contemporary Nigerian fiction continues to engage deeply with themes of gender, migration, and socio-political conflict, yet the structural role of allusion remains underexplored. This paper aims to critically evaluate the role of historical, biblical and pop culture allusions in Chimamanda Adichie's Dream Count and Chika Unigwe's The Middle Daughter, arguing that allusion is not merely a literary embellishment but a central organizing principle in the texts. The study adopts textual analysis and draws on intertextuality theory to guide its interpretation. The paper examines how both authors draw upon past literary, historical, and cultural sources to create a multifaceted narrative. The findings demonstrate how Adiche's Dream Count uses historical allusions to weave a narrative that links past oppression to present realities, while Unigwe's The Middle Daughter employs biblical allusions to critique religious fanaticism and moral hypocrisy. These intertextual references are shown to shape plot development, character portrayal, and thematic resonance. This paper concludes that recognizing allusion as a central literary motif enhances the dialogic relationship between texts and deepens our understanding of narrative structure in contemporary Nigerian fiction.

One of the major determinant factors for fortune-making, meaningful advancement, and financial development of a person lies in their benevolent activities. Spending is a social act voluntarily done by every meaningful, humble, and pious individual for the redistribution and circulation of wealth amongst the poor masses of their state or geographical location, purposely done for welfare assistance, humanitarian upliftment, poverty alleviation, and the social well-being of their fellow citizens. To this end, as an empirical and conceptual study of mixed-method research with a detailed hypothesis, the paper outlines the history, classifications, and theory of money. It explains in depth the Islamic viewpoints on money vis-à-vis its spending methodologies. The paper adopts both quantitative and qualitative research methods to examine the Islamic approach towards spending money for gaining more fortunes. The article, however, analytically examines the concepts of money from the conventional and Islamic outlooks. Finally, the study evaluates all the reviewed literature gathered from libraries, ranging from Islamically available classical books, blended with Internet findings and some other contemporary scholars’ works (modern books) on the subject matter, and then suggests a direction for future researchers on the Islamic guide towards money-spending behaviors that guarantee gaining more of the divine fortunes.

This paper interrogates the perennial idea of literature associated with clairvoyance and the writer himself as a prophet of some sort. Literature, an artistic representation of society and its heritage, has for ages served as a repository of generational values and ethical code. While it delights and instructs, literature has essentially broken paths for humanity and rightfully predicted what may likely happen in the future. The writer is a troubadour, teacher and clairvoyant of his generation. The paper deploys the theoretical instrument of Psychoanalysis to interrogate the relationship between literature and clairvoyance in Kelechi Ngwaba’s The Generations, drawing from the activities of the major characters in the historical play, which phenomenally covers four generations. The methodology used in the study is qualitative, involving aspects of characterization and plot of the novel. In addition, relevant excerpts from critical works are used to underpin the thesis of the discourse. The major finding of the research is hinged on the reinforcement of literature as a veritable tool for predicting what lies ahead for humanity (clairvoyance) and, of course, the artist as a “prophet”.

قد وجدت اللغة العربية في شمال نيجيريا، قبل قرون من الاستعمار. حيث لعبت عدة عوامل دورًا فعالا في انتشارها في المنطقة، أدى ذلك إلى ظهور العلماء والكتاب والشعراء في اللغة العربية. ويعد إبراهيم جالو محمد- الذي يتميز شعره بما يعرف في النقد الحديث بالتناص- أحد الشعراء الذين ساهموا في رفع راية اللغة العربية في المنطقة. ويقصد بالتناص وجود علاقة بين نصين أو أكثر، من خلال تأثر الأخير بالنص السابق له، أو معاصر له، وتحويله إلى نص جديد يعطي معنى جديدا. يهدف هذا البحث إلى التعرف على مصادر التناص في شعر جالو والكشف عن آلية استخدام النصوص وكيف تم استغلالها فنيا وتحليليا.

Ilimi shi ne ginshiƙin rayuwa, kuma a matakin fako na neman ilimin wato makarantar firamare, a nan ne ake fara ɗora yara bisa hanya na koyon karatu da kuma fahimtar abin da ake koya masu. Saboda haka, amfanin harshen Uwa baya ga harshen Ingilishi abu ne mai muhimmanci domin kuwa yana agazawa wajen sanya yara su fahimci saƙon da malami ke son isarwa gare su, kuma yakan taimaka wajen sanya su, su fahimta cikin ƙanƙanin lokaci. Saboda muhimmancin harshen uwa wajen koyo da koyarwa a makarantun Firamare yasa hukumar tsare-tsaren ilimi ta ƙasa ta amince da yin amfani da harshen Uwa wajen gudanar da koyarwa a makarantun. Wannan bincike ya fito da sababbin dubarun amfani da harshen Uwa tare da harshen Ingilishi wajen Koyar da yara tun daga matakin farko har zuwa mataki na shida. Saboda muhimmancin amfani da harshen Uwa Wajen Koyarwa a makarantun Firamare, ya sanya ƙungiyoyi masu zaman kansu, suka yiwo hoɓɓasa wajen bayar da tasu gudummuwa domin cimma nasarar wannan buri, ƙungiyoyi irin su: Better Education Service Delivery for All (BESDA) sun ɗauki nauyin buga littafin RANA tare da haɗin guiwa da hukumar ilimi na matakin farko na Jihar Kaduna (Universal Basic Education) da kuma taimakon Bankin Duniya (World Bank). Sannan akwai ƙungiyar USAID na mutanen ƙasar Amurka wanda suka buga littafin Early Grade Reading na Hausa kuma mu karanta domin agazawa wannan manufa na tsare-tsaren ilimi na ƙasa kai ga samun nasara. Wannan bincike zai kalli ire-iren gudummuwar da waɗannan littattafai suke bayarwa tare da kawo sababbin hanyoyi da za su taimaka wajen bunƙasa amfani da harshen Uwa wajen koyarwa a matakan ilimin firamare.

A wannan takarda mai taken matallafa koyo na gargajiya tasirinsu wajen koyar da darussan Hausa, an nuna irin muhimmiyar rawa da matallafa koyo na gargajiya suke takawa wajen koyar da darussan Hausa. Darussan sun haɗa da abubuwa na al’ada da na yau da kullum da Bahaushe yake aikatawa waɗanda suka haɗa da sana’o’insu da kayayyakin da yake amfani da su a gidajensa da kayayyakin gidan sarauta da hanyoyin da suke amfani da shi wajen tafiye-tafiye da sauransu. An kawo kayayyakin ne domin nuna irin sauƙin da malami yake samu wajen koyo da koyar da al’adun Hausawa a makarantun Firamare da na Sakandare kai har da makarantun gaba da Sakandare.

The aim and objective of this paper is to critically examine the methods being used in the tafsīrs of two exegetes, Jalaludeen as-Sayuti and Sayyid Quṭb, on ayāt Dayn in their respective tafsīrs. These two giants Mufassiran (مفسران) were known as Medieval and modern Mufassir. The two were among the notable scholars of Mufassirun who both had great roles in the spread of the words of Allah, by using simple Arabic terminologies to interpret the words of Allah, and supporting it with the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Both exegetists authored many books in the field of Arabic literature and Islamic jurisprudence. But our attention focused on their famous books of Tafsīr. That is, Tafsīr Jalalayn and Fizilal- al-Qur’ān. The research methods adopted for this work were historical, exegetical and descriptive. The historical method enabled the researcher to examine the biography and the work while the exegetical method was used for the exposition of various textbooks used concerning the key issues addressed in this work. The findings of the study were to find an approach to detailing the two scholars in promoting and spreading the word of Allah. The paper concludes that both exegetes played a significant role in promoting the smooth running of the words of Allah in Africa and the World at large.

This paper investigates the veracity behind the supposed crossing points between practices in governance, corruptible behaviors associated with governance, and the impact on the future direction of English language education as perceived by educators in North-Western states of Nigeria. The paper consists of three objectives to determine the extent to which practices in governance, corruption, and the future of English language education become crucial issues that deserve attention at the moment. Three research questions guided the conduct of the study. The descriptive survey research design was employed by the researcher, considering the nature and geography of the region. The population was made up of 1,897 teachers of English out of which a sample of three hundred and eighty-two (382) was drawn for the conduct of the study. A research questionnaire was developed by the researcher. It was validated by experts in the field of English language education. Cronbach Alpha was used in determining a reliability coefficient of 0.84. Mean scores and standard deviations were used to answer the research questions. It was found that corruption, ineffectiveness, and inconsistencies in policy formulation by some governments in Nigeria, which are occasioned by willful corruption on the part of the governments, do considerably affect the quality needed in English language education in Nigerian contexts. Separating holding of political office from mismanagement and diversion of public funds to private bank accounts and other corrupt means used by these leaders is somewhere next to impossible in the North-Western states of Nigeria. A huge amount of money budgeted for education is, on most occasions, either slashed or diverted for personal enrichment. It is recommended that people in Nigeria need to be sensitized to identify, support and elect people with proven integrity and prudence into power so that effective policies like English language education could be enacted for improving the quality of lives of the people. This will in turn affect the educational, linguistic and economic welfare and wellbeing of the people.

In this study, two selected Democracy Day speeches of President Muhammadu Buhari were analyzed to unveil the inner synthesis of the thoughts presented, thereby revealing the meanings conveyed through the speeches, how the messages were conveyed, and why a given approach or choice was made by the president. The two speeches selected for analysis are his Democracy Day speeches of 2016 and 2018. The study examines the stylistic devices, literary schemes, phonological and graphological tools, grammatical and lexico-semantic strategies employed in the selected speeches. The findings revealed that, like other political speeches, Democracy Day speeches are promising and persuasive. Also, apart from the policy directives in the content of the speeches, the speaker made use of certain pronouns to introduce ideologies of inclusion and exclusion in running the affairs of the government. Propaganda, as an integral part of political communication, is also found prevalent in the speeches; this is to convince the masses of their abilities and to have confidence in their administration. Another finding is that the speeches reflect the ruling party’s manifestos and promises made during electioneering campaign processes. The results of the study exhibit some discursive strategies that politicians often use when making democratic speeches. The study concludes that language plays a vital role in manifesting, creating, and sustaining power relations and ideological structures of society.

Modern technology has brought fundamental socio-structural changes and has drawn the world closer, especially with the new social media platforms, which are of different kinds and types. Examples include Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, Twitter, YouTube, TikTok, Telegram, and so on. This paper uses primary and secondary data to examine the Islamic perspective on social media. While concentrating on TikTok, the paper highlights the advantages and disadvantages of TikTok among the Muslim Ummah and in society in general. It found that the prospects offered by social media are tremendously positive but may, or are, leading to disastrous consequences. Unless it is properly checked and regulated, it has become the easiest way by which evil talk and practices are spread, thereby posing a great threat to Islam and Muslims. The proper utilization of TikTok will help in spreading the words of Allah (SWT), improving the lives of people, reducing vices in society, and promoting Islamic values. The paper recommends extensive teachings and the inculcation of Islamic values in the family and educational system, along with close and proper monitoring of youth and children, both in schools and at home. Parents should reduce the extent to which children are exposed to entertainment on TikTok and other social media platforms.