Renal ischemia is a major problem in the world that lead to renal failure for which no effective treatment is available. Renal ischemia involves a robust inflammatory response, involving up-regulated chemokine expression and leukocyte accumulation, contributes to the mechanism of renal injury and renal failure. IL-37 is a new human cytokine and has an anti-inflammatory function. Currently, it is unknown whether IL-37 suppresses renal inflammatory response to ischemia. We tested the hypothesis that expression of human IL-37 in mouse protects the renal against ischemic injury through suppression of the renal inflammatory response. IL-37 Tg and WT mice were subjected to right renal nephrectomy to induce unilateral model of ischemia the microvascular clamp was positioned around the left renal pedicles. Serum sampling for measurements of TNF-α, IL-1β, Caspase3, MDA, HMGB1, urea and creatinine. Hematoxylin-eosin staining for histological analysis. The resulted data showed that IL-37 has anti-inflammatory effects in renal IRI as evidenced by significant reduction of the inflammatory markers levels TNF-α, IL-1β and HMGB1. IL-37 has potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects with significant reduction in MDA and caspace-3 respectively. Keywords: Renal ischemia, IL-37, TNF-α, IL-1β, Caspase-3

This new study evaluated effect of aqueous leaves extracts of Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Rafin on male reproductive hormones and histological features of the testis diabetic rats. The results obtained showed remarkable increased of sperm count, viability and motility after treatment. Testosterone, FSH and LH hormones also increased with oral administration of the plant extract at dose 70 mg/kg of body weight. The results suggested the anti hyperglycemic property of the extract as well as its positive effect to maintain male hormones concentrations. Histological examination of the testis revealed improvement of spermatogenesis and Leydig cell proliferation with all doses of the extract. However, the histoarchitecture of the testis rats received 70 and 90 mg/kg of the plant extract, was found to be similar to the healthy group. These findings suggest that the extract can maintain the damage fertility in diabetic rats. These promising results may explain the use of this plant in the future for therapeutic treatment of diabetes complications associated subfertility.

Despite all advances in cancer treatment methods, failure of treatment is a major concern. This failure can be caused by tumor environment made by tumor cells and prevents immune system to reach neoplastic cells. So, cancer immunotherapy and target therapy are in the focus of scientists. Due to the inverse relationship shown between parasites and cancer, parasites are a candidate for use in cancer immunotherapy. Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite invades many cells of vertebrae spices but make symptoms only in fetus and immuno-deficient person. Studies have shown T. gondii can stimulate immune system against neoplastic cells and break fort of tumor environment. In this experimental work, Colon cancer bearing mice randomly divided into three groups. Groups 1 and 2 were injected with either lysate or irradiated tachyzoite of T. gondii respectively. The third group were left intact as control group. Our resulted data showed that in irradiated tachyzoite or lysate treated groups there was a significant reduction in tumor growth in comparison with control group. However, the difference in survival time was not statistically significant. In conclusion, treatment with T. gondii antigens resulted in suppression of tumor growth. Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii; Cancer; Immunotherapy; Tumor; Mouse model

Future wireless communication systems demand superior spectral efficiency, enhanced system reliability, improved SNR gain, and better employment of power resources than currently deployed systems. In this work, we propose a new MIMO communication technique that can simultaneously provide multiplexing gain and diversity gain as well as reduce complexity and processing at the receiver side. The proposed system transceiver structure utilizes superimposed auxiliary signals that are designed based on the wireless channel characteristics to eliminate inter antenna interference as well as completely remove the channel effects at the receiver while providing low reception complexity. The efficiency and novelty of the proposed system are verified via extensive mathematical analysis and validated by numerical simulations. The obtained results indicate that the proposed new model achieves high throughput, enhanced reliability, improved connectivity, less complexity, and more efficient communication, which is suitable for low power consumption and limited processing IoT applications.

Beyond 5G (B5G) and future 6G systems are expected to serve a massive number of interconnection links between base stations and Internet of Thing (IoT) devices. Thus, it is critical to develop new effective multiple access techniques, which can serve the demands of this massive number of connections. In this regard, power domain non-orthogonal multiple access (PD-NOMA), which was studied extensively by both academia and industry, was perceived as a potential candidate to the problem of serving more devices while having limited resources; however, the PD-NOMA design was eliminated from the list of the 17th release of 3GPP work items. Even though PD-NOMA proves efficient compared to OMA systems in certain scenarios and under specific conditions, it suffers from many issues including: low reliability due to having inter-user-interference, security vulnerability to both internal and external eavesdropping, the complexity of the transceiver due to the use of successive interference cancellation (SIC), and the inapplicability in power-balanced scenarios, where the superimposed users have the same distance from the base station. To address the aforementioned problems related to PD-NOMA, in this work, we propose and develop a novel new alternative non-orthogonal transmission design through the use of specially designed auxiliary signals superimposed with the users’ data. The proposed design is termed and coined as MU-AS-ST (Multi-User Auxiliary Signal Superposition Transmission) and is featured with a very simple transceiver design, where all the processing is done at the base station, thus freeing the receiver from any complex processing. The offered advantages by the proposed design make from it an ideal candidate for low-power and processing-limited devices such as IoT applications.

In this work, OFDM-SPM technique is compounded with Alamouti space-time block coding (STBC) in a multiple-input-single-output (MISO) setup to study, investigate and quantify the wireless system’s performance of their combination over a wireless multipath Rayleigh fading channel.

Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology has evolved over the past few years into a technology with great potential to drive the direction of future wireless communications. MIMO technology has become a solid reality when massive MIMO systems (MIMO with large number of antennas and transceivers) were commercially deployed in several countries across the world in the recent past. Moreover, MIMO has been integrated into state-of-the-art paradigms such as fifth-generation (5G) networks as one of the main enabling technologies. MIMO possesses many attractive and highly desirable properties such as spatial multiplexing, diversity gains, and adaptive beamforming gains that leads to high data rates, enhanced reliability, and other enhancements. Nevertheless, beyond 5G technologies demand wireless communication systems with, among other properties, immensely higher data rates and better reliability simultaneously at the same time. In this work, a new, novel MIMO technique for simultaneously achieving multiplexing and diversity gains as well as completely eliminating any processing at the MIMO receiver, leading to advantages such as low complexity and low power consumption, is proposed. The proposed technique employs the design of interference-canceling matrices, which are calculated from the channels between the transceiver antennas, where the matrices are employed at the base station to help achieve multiplexing and diversity gains simultaneously. The novelty and efficiency of the introduced paradigm is demonstrated via mathematical models and validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Results indicate that the proposed system outperforms conventional MIMO models.

Basilar artery dolichoectasia (BAD) is a disorder characterized by dilatation, elongation and tortuosity of the basilar artery. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) is a useful tool that can detect blood flow in intracranial vessels including basilar artery (BA). Few studies have been conducted on blood flow changes in BAD. This study was conducted to evaluate the Doppler parameters in dolichoectatic BA and to assess if there is any difference in TCD findings between stroke and non-stroke BAD patients. A case-control study was conducted on 35 patients diagnosed with BAD (26 male, 9 female) and 35 age- and gender-matched control group (without BAD) at the Middle Euphrates Neuroscience Center, Al-Sader Medical City, Al-Najaf, Iraq. Dolichoectasia was diagnosed on non-enhanced brain CT scan using established imaging criteria according to Dan Deng et al criteria. Doppler flow for control and stroke cases was recorded. The parameters measured on TCD were peak systolic velocity (PSV), end diastolic velocity (EDV) mean blood velocity (MBV), pulsatility index (PI) and resistive index (RI). After logistic regression for adjustment for the significant confounders, there was statistically significant difference in Doppler parameters between both groups including decrease in each of PSV, EDV and MBV while both PI and RI weren’t statistically significant. Among BAD patients, there was statistically significant difference in all TCD parameters between stroke and non-stroke patients (PSV EDV, MBV, PI and RI). BAD was associated with a decrease in flow velocities as measured by TCD. Furthermore, among BAD patients, those with stroke had lower values for all Doppler parameters than non-stroke patients.

Tardigrades are small microscopic creatures also known as moss piglets or water bears. They are extremophiles and well known for its survivability. After successfully ruling the space tardigrades are now expected to save lives. From being a ‘survivor’ tardigrade is now headed to be a ‘savior’. This survivability is due to a special type of sugar known as “Trehalose”. Trehalose can be found in extremophiles organisms including tardigrades. The unique feature of this sugar is the ability to preserve biological molecules. One of the big applications of the tardigrades are the “dry vaccine”. Our world is struggling through a big crisis of covid-19 vaccine, it is next to impossible to make the highest demanded vaccine available to every corner of the earth at the low-temperature range in such a short period of time, and according to WHO half of the vaccines get wasted due to the cold chain method So, we can implement these dry vaccines for covid-19, to reduce the freezing cost, increasing the shelf life of vaccine and make every vaccine reach to needy in a live condition. Now, trehalose is not only confined to preserve vaccines but this can help in preserve the organs that are going to be used either for transplantology or organ donation. This special protein is yet to give a new turn to not only the medical field and to save human life but tardigrades can be implemented for plants in increasing the tolerance to a stressful environment for future climate changes and space settlement hence this paper provides an overview regarding the application and economical aspects of the tardigrades

In the last few years, face recognitions owned considerable consideration and liked together of the foremost used functions within the area of image evaluation and recognition. Face detection reflects on consideration of an incredible section of face attention operations. The technique of face detection in pixels is elaborate with many features’ variabilities provided throughout human faces. Faces include pose, expression, smile, role and orientation, pores and complexion, the presence of glasses or facial hair, variations in digicam gain, lighting conditions, and photo resolutions. Haar Cascade classifier is of outstanding assist when performing this undertaking smoothly. Face detection goes to possess a dramatic impression on the face detection field, as a result, familiarizing yourself with its functions like attendance recording system with the help of camera, Mask detection system. In this paper, we proposed a face detection system for the utilization of computer learning, especially OpenCV. The mandatory step required is face detection which we did with the usage of a broadly used step referred to as the haarcascade_frontalface_default classifier, python and its module.