Thermoplastic starch (TPS) compositions were studied using stearic, lactic, and succinic acids as structural functional additives, with glycerol acting as a plasticizer. The technological aspects of TPS production and their physical and mechanical characteristies were determined. The production of TPS compositions with polyethylene in an 80:20 ratio was investigated, and their degradability under UV irradiation was tested. Structural changes in film-forming compositions with added TPS were analyzed using IR-Fourier spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Based on the IR spectra, the formation of ester groups in TPS was confirmed due to the addition of acid to starch and thermomechanical treatment. The effect of TPS on the degradability of TPS+PE compositions was assessed using mass spectrometry, focusing on the composition of ion fragments and their intensities.

Abstract An array of medical treatments is currently advancing, including biopharmaceuticals, such as antibody medications, and cellular therapies, such as stem cells. However, the separation and purification processes required to fabricate these treatments are inherently costly, prompting the need for innovative methods. A bioseparation technique using poly( N -isopropylacrylamide), a functional polymer whose hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties change with temperature, was developed in this study. The adsorption and desorption of antibodies was regulated by adjusting the temperature of a column filled with temperature-sensitive polymer-coated silica beads to achieve separation and purification of the contaminants. A polymer-treated glass substrate facilitated the temperature-regulated adhesion and release of stem cells. Thermoresponsive polymer-modified microfibers and columns enabled the temperature-controlled separation of large quantities of stem cells. These columns also allowed the temperature-regulated purification of viral vectors used in gene therapy. The temperature-controlled separation and purification of extracellular vesicles (exosomes) was achieved by combining peptides with an affinity for these vesicles and thermoresponsive polymers. Consequently, these temperature-sensitive polymers enabled the temperature-regulated separation and purification of antibodies, cells, viral vectors, and extracellular vesicles. This cost-effective approach safely preserves the activity of the target, offering potential utility in medical analysis, pharmaceutical production, and drug discovery.

A literature review was conducted on the production of biodegradable film-forming materials made from naturally renewable raw materials with antibacterial properties. The main component ensuring the biodegradability of the compositions is thermoplastic starch. The review also describes the use of synthetic polymers as film-forming components in these compositions, including polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyethylene, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The antibacterial properties of these materials are achieved by adding chitosan, which is made soluble through treatment with acids such as acetic, lactic, and formic acid, as well as by incorporating medicinal drugs, silver nanoparticles, or essential oils.