Editorial

The article deals with coping flexibility, yet incomplete theory concerning the assumption of an individual to successfully manage stressful situations, and focuses on the practical use of this theory when using questionnaires in psychological assessment. This theory is so far under-represented in the Czech literature, so the aim of this article is to present it and demonstrate its possible use in practice. Hence, the theoretical part is elaborated in more detail, which is illustrated by empirical research. The aim of the research survey is qualitative preliminary study, which could be followed by quantitative verification. The sample consists of 10 undergraduate students in the field of psychology. The theoretical concept of the Balanced Profile was chosen for the research part. The SVF-78 questionnaire is used here and research concepts for its individual stress strategies were obtained using the open coding method. The results of the research bring new contexts for psychotherapeutic and counselling interventions in working with the SVF-78 questionnaire and a basis for follow-up work.

169 school psychologists participated in a questionnaire survey asking them about collegial sharing techniques in educational setting. The survey was part of the research project “Supervision – prevention of teacher burnout”. The aim of the study was to find out if school psychologists play a role in providing collegial sharing in schools and their attitude towards it. A questionnaire was created for the purposes of the research, it included quantitative and qualitative answers. Organized forms of collegial sharing (supervision and intervision) took place in only 21 percent of the monitored schools. However, 90 percent of participating school psychologists considered them important, and they believe that these techniques should be introduced to schools. They see the lack of time and interest in teachers as the main obstacles to the spread of these techniques in educational settings. School psychologists were interested in their own supervision and training in conducting of supervision or intervision.

Despite first aid process has mainly been considered a medical or technical issue; it seems obvious that psychological and social aspects play an important role too. As a pilot study we interviewed ten helping bystanders about their ideas and feelings during and after the first aid. Their reports were analysed, using a qualitative approach. There were various feelings and ideas respondents experienced – temporary blockade, limited ability to recall relevant information, performance decrease, time distortion, selective perception, strong subjective stress. After first aid people experienced doubts about their acts and decisions, quilt and failure feelings, specific relationship between the rescuer and rescued person, feeling of non-terminating, PTSD symptoms, strong need to share the experience. Our respondents reported long lasting discomfort, persisting even years after the experience. Psychological aspects of lay first aid giving are a crucial aspect influencing the efficacy of first aid process but also the future well-being of lay rescuers and should therefore be considered more.

In 2013 Spielmann and colleagues defined fear of being single as “an entailing concern, anxiety or distress regarding the current, or prospective experience of being without a romantic partner” (Spielmann et al., 2013, p. 1050). Previous research proves it a meaningful construct when it comes to assessing romantic relationships as it predicts the tendency to prioritize relationship status over relationship quality and settle for less. The present study examines the connection between fear of being single and demographic characteristics, personality traits (the Big Five model), and feelings of loneliness using the Fear of Being Single Scale (Spielmann et al., 2013), whose first Czech version was prepared, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (Hřebíčková & Urbánek, 2001) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Kumstátová, 2014; Russel, 1996). 247 Czech adults joined the research. Results have shown that women and involuntary singles reported a significantly higher level of the fear of being single in comparison to men and voluntary singles. Moreover, the fear of being single proved to be significantly negatively correlated with Openness to Experience, Consciousness, and Extraversion and significantly positively related to Neuroticism.

Book review on Drápal, J., Jiřička, V., Raszková, T. (eds.) České vězeňství. Praha: Wolters Kluwer, 2021, 456 s.

The aim of this review study is to introduce the topic of girls with ADHD in the school environment. Manifestations of ADHD in girls are more difficult to recognize than in boys with ADHD. Because of that, the educators often do not recognize them and then ADHD in girls if often not diagnosed. This results in further associated difficulties, especially of an emotional and social nature. The article describes the typical manifestations of ADHD in girls and focuses on gender differences and important studies focusing on the school environment. At the beginning of the article, the incidence of ADHD in girls is compared to boys and the definition of ADHD is mentioned. The main part tries to describe the important manifestations of ADHD in girls, which can be useful to both educators and other professionals in recognizing this diagnosis in girls. The second part briefly presents selected studies related to the school environment. This part can also be a valuable benefit for pedagogical workers. At the end of the article, the findings are compared with current research and definitions, which can help better understand and detect the manifestations of ADHD in girls.

Generativity is a concept introduced into psychology by E. H. Erikson in his developmental theory as a one-dimensional concept. Generativity began to be empirically verified much later and until then it was mostly only the subject of case studies. The most recent theories work with the complexity of generativity. These theories understand it as a multidimensional concept that can manifest itself in many spheres of life. Currently, the concept of McAdams and de St. Aubin, which describes seven dimensions of generativity, is widely used. The text summarizes the development of the view of generativity and new theories of generativity. It also describes its connections with different areas of life and its negative aspects.

The aim of the research was to explore the correlations among the perceived characteristics of the academic goal (the grade that a student set himself to achieve) during the semester, as well as the correlations with the obtained grade. The university students (N = 31) participated on the research. Their perceptions of motivation, self-efficacy, commitment, desirability, attainability, effort, progress and action crisis were collected by short scales 1. in the goal setting, 2. after passing the credit test and 3. 24hours before the exam. After passing the exam, the grade and the fulfillment of the goal were also collected. Only the higher desirability after passing the partial goal (after the credit test) was associated with the worse grade. However, the students had set the worse grades than they finally obtained. Correlations among the goal characteristics confirmed the findings of other studies. The correlations among the previous and the upcoming goal characteristics have shown the importance of the initial “want to” motivation, desirability and attainability. The crisis was correlated with low attainability, low progress and with previous crisis and “have to” motivation.

Editorial