- Research Article
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100253
- Jul 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Ziyuan Gu + 6 more
- Research Article
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100198
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Ehsan Amirnazmiafshar + 1 more
- Research Article
1
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100199
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Arsalan Najafi + 5 more
- Research Article
2
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100205
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Graham Currie + 4 more
This paper explores how public transport and shared e-scooter travel interact. Trip end travel patterns of shared e-scooter users are explored in relation to Public Transport service levels. An index measuring transit service level is developed. This is compared to spatial and temporal patterns of e-scooter trip ends to explore the hypothesis that e-scooter use is stronger in areas where inner area transit offers a poorer quality service i.e. are e-scooters acting as a ‘gap filler’ to transit providing first-last mile access to transit?Analysis methodologies including comparative spatial and temporal mapping of service level and trip end concentrations supported by statistical tests. A novel approach is also adopted to compare PT service level at each e-scooter trip end which identifies potential first-last mile and gap filling e-scooter trips from a large trip end database.Results show e-scooter trip ends are concentrated in areas and at times when transit service levels are highest. This suggests that shared e-scooters may be competing with transit service rather than filling service gaps. We therefore conclude that the hypothesis that e-scooters act as a ‘gap filler’ for areas of low transit use is not supported.Nevertheless, we have found limited and specific evidence of times and areas where ‘gap filling’ and first-last mile trips are apparent. Night time, early morning and weekend e-scooter travel volume is high when transit service levels are low. We also found limited evidence of spatial gaps in transit where first-last mile rail access was occurring and some evidence that rail-linked e-scooter travel was from lower service level trip ends and that these patterns increased with e-scooter trip distance.
- Research Article
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100202
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Mustafa Gadah + 3 more
- Research Article
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100203
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Rocksana Akter + 3 more
- Research Article
3
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100200
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Sangen Hu + 4 more
- Research Article
8
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100210
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Rahul Tanwar + 1 more
- Research Article
10
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100207
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Yuyan Annie Pan + 4 more
- Research Article
3
- 10.1016/j.multra.2025.100209
- Jun 1, 2025
- Multimodal Transportation
- Khaled Hamad + 8 more