Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has gained support over the past few years due to the more popularized perception of researchers and therapists for its ability to help patients suffering from mood disorders. Moreover, it is currently being used alongside a variety of techniques and other treatments. In the past, research has focused on the ability of CBT to mitigate physical symptoms, including fatigue and high heart rate, that emerge from mood disorders. In an attempt to fill in the gap by focusing on mental well-being as opposed to physical symptoms, this study aimed to establish how the perceptions of therapists showcase the effectiveness of CBT in altering the mental well-being of patients with mood disorders. In order to gain an in-depth understanding towards this concept, interviews were conducted with cognitive behavioral therapists in Indiana. Ultimately, this research led to 2 main conclusions: CBT and mental well-being are connected, and the extent to the effectiveness of CBT depends on the specific tools that are utilized. Specifically, when utilizing the CBT tools of testing logic and homework, mental well-being was seen to improve, while when utilizing the tools of confronting fears and enneagram tests, no effect was seen on mental well-being. Future research, however, must be conducted in order to further the idea of altering a patient’s mental well-being as it relates to different population samples and other forms of therapy.

The use of the Internet has become an integral part of everyone's life. Due to this, the introduction of virus and other malicious crackers is increasing everyday. This in turn leads to the introduction of defects which adversely affect the security. Thus, protecting vital information in this cyber world is not an easy task. We need to deal with security related defects to ensure failure free and smooth functioning of the software. Thus, in this paper, we intend to study and analyze various aspects of security-related defects by analyzing the defect reports available in various open-source software repositories. Besides this, prediction models can also be constructed which can be used by researchers and practitioners to predict various aspects of security — related defects. Such prediction models are especially beneficial for large-scale systems, where testing experts need to focus their attention and resources to the problem areas of the system under development. Thus, application of software prediction models in the early phases of the software life cycle contributes to efficient defect removal and results in delivering more reliable and better quality software products. Empirical studies lack the use of proper research methodology and thus result in reporting inconsistent results. This study will review the sequence of steps followed in the research process for carrying empirical and replicated studies. The steps include a) literature survey and definition of variables b) data collection c) report findings using statistical and machine learning techniques d) analyzing performance measures for evaluating the performance of the predicted models and e) interpretation of the obtained results for developing a software prediction model. These steps are explained with the help of experimental public domain data set. In addition, the paper provides an overview of repositories for mining software engineering data, tools for analyzing this data and various categories of machine learning methods. It also discusses existing research avenues and provides future research directions in this area.

AbstractThe article presents and discusses materials for a cultural lesson about Green Germany. An introductory mini‐unit frames the over‐all student learning objective: students should be able to respond to the questions “Where are we?” and “Where are we going?” with regard to the natural environment. Three different units then help students with these questions. The first two units describe where people in Germany and the US are; the third helps them reflect on where we are going and where their generation can help take us. Although the ACTFL Standards are not addressed explicitly, implicit treatment of these can be recognized in the approach presented. Communication about this cultural topic helps students see comparisons, connections, and communities.