The Bengkulu community uses bamboo shoots for fermented food lemea, a local fermented food. Conservation is crucial to prevent extinction. A study explored bamboo's shape, antibacterial qualities, and genetic features. Bamboo samples were collected and morphological properties and antibacterial activity were identified. The study found differences in morphological, antibacterial, and molecular similarity coefficients. The similarity coefficient based on morphological characters was 59%, divided into two clusters. Based on the results of molecular analysis, the similarity coefficient was 79%, divided into three clusters. There were differences in morphological, antibacterial and molecular similarity coefficients.

Biofertilizers are the best choice to promote organic and sustainable agriculture by enhancing productivity and reducing chemical fertilizer use. The results showed that T4 bacterial pure culture significantly improved plant height (96.83±0.50 cm) and D-leaf length (84.06±1.55cm) at the third month of application (P < 0.05). In addition, T4 significantly enhanced fruit weight (1.12±0.07 kg/fruit) and fruit yield (66.3 t/ha) compared to other treatments (P < 0.05). However, the fruit characteristics including fruit lengths, perimeters, citric acid contents, and total soluble solids (TSS) of pineapple fruits were not significantly differed. Therefore, these findings indicated the efficacy of B. velezensis as a biofertilizer is enhanced pineapple productivity.

This study examined the factors influencing information exchange among durian farmers in Rayong Province, Thailand, regarding high-quality production practices. A survey of 54 farmers, equally distributed by gender, revealed an average age of 44.52 years, with most being married and holding at least a bachelor’s degree. The majority cultivated Monthong durian on plots of five rai or larger and had over five years of experience. Farmers applied their knowledge of water and maintenance systems, among other practices. The study findings revealed that motivation levels correlated with the farmers’ propensity to share information. Factors influencing information exchange, ranked from the highest to the lowest average value, were knowledge promotion and development (x̄ = 4.24), marketing (x̄ = 4.00), along with social relations and acceptance (x̄ = 3.46), resulting in a high overall level (x̄ = 3.90). Multiple regression analysis revealed traditional water management wisdom as the sole significant predictor of information-sharing behavior among the 11 variables tested, influencing both knowledge promotion (β = 0.573, p = 0.002) and marketing information sharing (β = 0.467, p = 0.011). Demographic characteristics, farming practices, and other production knowledge had no significant impact on farmers' sharing motivations.

The results showed that the milk thistle with artichoke extract (T1) and the milk thistle with ginkgo leaves extract (T2) significantly decreased the FCR from day 35 to day 42 compared with control group (C) (P<0.05). Moreover, the mortality rate tended to decrease in groups T1 and T2 compared with the control group from day 14 to day 21. However, the growth performance that is shown from the body weight gain (BWG), the feed intake (FI) and the average daily gain (ADG) which tended to increase but still not different from the control group (C). Carcass characteristics were studied by sampling 2 birds at 42 days from each replicate, then slaughtered and weighing the organs. Carcass and organs weight of the chickens in the treatment groups (T1 and T2) were not differed from those in the control group (C). Therefore, supplementing this substance in broilers should help to adjust the FCR values and improve growth performance.

Azolla (Azolla pinnata), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes L.), and banana peel (Musa paradisiaca) are known to contain nutrients that can serve as an environmentally friendly fertilizer. Result indicated that liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) made from leachate mix of azolla, water lettuce, and banana peel has the potential to serve as an alternative source of nutrients for maize production, in lieu of inorganic fertilizers. Grain number per row, tip filling, weight of 100 grains, and grain yield can be maximized by three applications of LOF at 2, 4, and 6 WAP with a 10% concentration, or two applications at 2 and 4 WAP with a 20% concentration, or a single application at 2 WAP with a 30% concentration.

This study developed a highly efficient colorimetric one-step reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for enhanced turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) detection. LAMP primers were newly designed targeting the coat protein (CP) gene of TuMV, ensuring specific amplification. The optimized protocol achieved successful amplification after a 45-min incubation in a heat block incubator at 65°C, with results immediately visible through distinctive colorimetric changes: positive samples transitioning from pink to yellowish color, whereas negative samples retained pink. Importantly, the sensitivity of this colorimetric one-step RT-LAMP significantly surpassed conventional RT-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique for TuMV detection. The assay demonstrated complete specificity without cross-reactivity observed when tested against non-target plant viruses, confirming the high selectivity of the designed primers for TuMV detection. By integrating reverse transcription and amplification into a single reaction, this streamlined approach eliminates separate processing steps, substantially reducing both detection time and associated costs. This advancement represents a valuable tool for efficient diagnosis of RNA plant viruses in resource-limited settings.

Heavy metal contamination of rice paddy is one of the problems in the rice growing areas. High amounts of cadmium and lead are hazardous to the health of humans, animals, plants, and the environment. The present study isolated, identified, and evaluated the potential mycoremediators from the rice growing area contaminated with heavy metals at Sitio Namangonan, Guiset Norte, San Manuel, Pangasinan, Luzon Island, Philippines. The soil sample contained 0.42 mg/kg cadmium and 57.80 mg/kg lead. Four species of fungi namely: Trichoderma koningii, Penicillium janthinellum, Penicillium resticulosum, and Penicillium nigricans were isolated from the soil contaminated with cadmium and lead. Penicillium janthenellum had highest occurrence with 42.85% among the four identified species of fungi. Furthermore, Trichoderma koningii, Penicillium resticulosum, and Penicillium nigricans are tolerant up to 100 mg/kg cadmium (Cd) concentration while Penicillium janthinellum can tolerate 10 mg/kg Cd concentration. Moreover, Trichoderma koningii, Penicillium janthinellum, Penicillium resticulosum, and Penicillium nigricans can withstand 1000 mg/kg lead (Pb) concentration. Hence, the different isolates are heavy metal tolerant in rice paddy soil contaminated with cadmium and lead.

Agro-climatological condition in Bengkulu is unsuitable and most areas have marginal soil characteristics for shallot cultivation. However, all shallot varieties were adaptable and grown on the cultivation area after the soil characteristics were ameliorated. Faced with unsuitable agro-climatic conditions such as too much rainfall, farmers should construct plastic shade or should adjust planting time during the closed dry season. Futhermore, all shallot varieties responded significantly to the chicken manure applied and 7 varieties involved Bima Brebes, Kramat, TSS Agrihort 1, Violetta 2, Violetta 3 Agrihort 1, Trisula, and Bauji significantly responded to the increasing doses of the manure applied. Bima Brebes and Violetta 3 Agrihort 1 showed the best yield performed by the shallot yields at 10 tons ha-1 of the chicken manure applied while Kramat, TSS Agrohort 1, Violetta 2, and Trisula showed the best yield at 20 tons ha-1 of the manure added. Furthermore, Bauji started to respond significantly at 20 tons ha-1 and increased significantly the yields when the increasing doses of the manure were applied. The highest yields of the shallot bulbs are grown on the irrigated marginal lowland in this area when the chicken manure was applied at 20 tons ha-1 which gave 20.996 tons’ ha-1 for the dry weight of the shallot bulbs.

The content analysis revealed that the transmission of local wisdom in herbal processing among the agricultural network members involved in sender/source of information and transmitters, which included knowledgeable members of the network on herbal properties and processing methods, message or content are medicinal properties of herbs, processing procedures, and packaging methods, communication channels, including hands-on learning, demonstrations, practical involvement, and information exchange through discussions or inquiries, and the receivers of the transmitted knowledge, primarily network members, family members, relatives, and interested individuals participating in learning activities. The findings underscored the importance of preserving local wisdom in herbal processing within the community, as it resided within individuals and could potentially be lost. Therefore, it should focus on collecting and storing this knowledge for easier accessibility to ensure its continuity and potential development in the future.

The results showed that growth performance, chemical composition, fatty acid profile,and amino acid profile in edible meat were significant different (P<0.05) but, carcass traits wereno significant different (P>0.05). In conclusion, edible meat of Nu Phuk (Bandicota indica) wasshown to be abundant essential fatty acid and essential amino acid, thereby promoting futurefood, end hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and sustainable agriculture.