Defatted Jasmine rice bran flour (DRBF) had higher phytochemical content and antioxidant activity than wheat flour. The addition of 15%-25%DRBF significantly improved the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of the cookies, with the highest activity observed at 25%DRBF. However, sensory evaluation showed that scores for all sensory attributes decreased significantly at 20%-25%DRBF. The cookies with 15%DRBF achieved the best balance between consumer acceptability and antioxidant activity. Although higher DRBF levels (20%-25%DRBF) increased antioxidant activity, they led to reduced consumer preference. Additionally, substitution with 15%DRBF increased fiber and protein content of the cookies while decreasing their carbohydrate and calorific values. These findings suggested that incorporating 15%DRBF into cookies enhanced both sensory attributes and health benefits, making it an ideal functional ingredient.

The unusual durian has undergone fermentation to produce a low-alcohol wine. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to ferment the low-alcohol wine durian. Research findings indicated that a 1:7 durian pulp-to-water ratio and 1.50% w/v yeast cultures were chosen based on their high (p≤ 0.05) generation of ethyl alcohol content. The 25 °Brix low-alcohol durian wine was then selected to meet the necessary criteria to get a significantly (p≤ 0.05) high preference score in terms of aroma, taste, and overall acceptability, which were 6.70 ± 0.50, 7.30 ± 0.55, and 7.15±0.60, respectively. The ethyl alcohol concentration, total soluble solids, and pH of the resulting wine were 8.30±0.11%, 11.80±0.18°Brix, and 4.19±0.02, respectively. Interestingly, the findings of this study suggested that an innovative beverage could be created, combining the unique flavor of durian with reduced alcohol content and minimizing waste pollution for environmental preservation.

Medicinal plant root bacteria present multifunctionality and can act as important stimulator agents for their host plant. Eight strains recovered from the roots of Origanum vulgare L. medicinal plants growing in Ben Djerrah, Guelma, Algeria, were classified into the genera Bacillus, Burkholderia, Rhodococcus, and Pseudomonas. The functional traits for amylase, lipase, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production were detectedلin all strains, while 75% were positive for hydrolytic proteases. Particular emphasis is placed on strains EpB1 and EdB8, which were efficient enzyme producers and exhibited the highest IAA production (114.56±0.27 μg/ml and 114.06±0.44 μg/ml, respectively). There was a significant enhancement in the growth of wheat and tomato seeds pretreated with the isolates Bacillus cereus EpB1, Pseudomonas luteola EdB6, and Bacillus subtilis EdB8. They enhanced the seed germination rate, vigor index, and the shoot and root lengths and biomass of seedlings in comparison to the control. Accordingly, the epiphytic strain EpB1 and the endophytic strains EdB8 and EdB6 from Origanum vulgare L. roots could potentially be used as biofertilizers to manage wheat and tomato cultivation.

This study examined the effects of feeding mangrove red snapper (Lutjanus argentimaculatus) with trash fish (T1) and artificial feed (T2) on bioeconomic performance and profitability in 400 m² grow-out ponds over a 6-month period. The findings revealed significant variations in fish growth after the first month, with T2 consistently exhibiting slower growth throughout the rearing period (P<0.05). Survival rate, FCR, and yield for T1 were 96.0%, 5.26, and 262.7 kg/pond, respectively, while T2 achieved 97.5%, 2.25, and 170.0 kg/pond. The total costs of rearing fish in T1 and T2 were 91.8 and 85.4 THB/m², respectively. Total revenues were 183.9 THB/m² for T1 and 119.0 THB/m² for T2, resulting in net cash returns of 92.0 and 33.6 THB/m², respectively. Both feeding strategies covered operational costs, as indicated by NPV, BCR, and IRR analyses. However, investing in T2 carried relatively higher risks, particularly in scenarios where costs increased by 20% and benefits decreased by 20%, leading to a BCR of 0.95 and a negative IRR. Overall, rearing red snapper in earthen ponds fed with trash fish appeared to be a more suitable investment option, but further study and development of artificial feed for this fish are needed for sustainable farming practices.

Tissue culture media with pH 5.0 resulted in the tallest plants for onion at 25.09 cm on Day 10 and maximum leaf count on Day 14, yet shoot proliferation was best observed at pH 6.5 with 2–3 shoots per plantlet. Thiamine supplementation always improved plant height, which was up to 17.33 cm, while indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) triggered more shoot formation of 2–3 shoots on Day 14. The other hormones, naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), gibberellic acid (GA), and kinetin, had moderate growth responses. Controlled environmental conditions also impacted plantlet showed the performance, with refrigerator conditions yielding plants of up to 20.76 cm on Day 21 and dark conditions eliciting the greatest elongation at 37.36 cm. Light exposure, by contrast, favored more developed shoot and leaf growth. Temperature control, especially cooler conditions under initial growth, favored leaf emergence and plant height, while room temperature maintained overall growth performance. Collectively, these results confirmed the important role of pH of the culture medium, certain plant hormones, and controlled environments in optimizing onion tissue culture. The outcomes are offered empirical evidence that is useful for enhancing micropropagation protocols, which can be extended to onion production systems, as well as future genetic breeding programs focused on maintaining and increasing onion yields under controlled conditions

Seagrass beds are vital biodiversity hotspots, offering habitats for many species of fish and marine organisms. Additionally, they play an essential role in nutrient cycling, sequestering carbon, and mitigating coastal erosion. These ecosystems are facing growing threats from pollution, including microplastics (MPs) contamination (< 5 mm). mined The vertical distribution of microplastics in sediment cores (depths 0-20 cm) in seagrass beds and adjacent areas at Kalase Bay, located in Trang Province, facing to Andama sea, southern Thailand was investigated. The results revealed the presence of MPs in both seagrass and non-seagrass areas, with higher concentrations found in the surface area (depths 0-5 cm) than the bottom (depths 15-20 cm) at many stations. The main shapes of microplastics were mostly made up of fibers and fragments. The most prominent color consisted of transparent particles, followed by black and blue particles. This result suggested that microplastic was accumulated in the depth profile of sediment at both areas especially at seagrass beds may perform as effective sinks for microplastics, likely due to their root and leaf structures that support MPs trapping, highlighting the need for pollution management and conservation strategies in coastal ecosystems.

Yield trials are an important step in a breeding program to evaluate the performance of selected genotypes under various environments. In this study, the ear yield stability and adaptability of ten experimental sweet corn hybrids bred for organic production was estimated using the AMMI model. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the location effect (E) was a primary source of variation in ear yield (35%), followed by hybrid (G) and hybrid-location interaction (GEI) effects, which accounted for 27% and 16%, respectively. Among the tested locations, highland was identified as the most productive environment. However, the significant GEI effect suggests a possible inconsistency in the ear yield among the hybrids across elevations. Both the estimates of AMMI stability value (ASV) and yield stability index (YSI) indicate that the experimental hybrid from the cross of Caps-5 x Caps-22, as followed by check of commercial hybrid Paragon, could serve as the most suitable hybrids for organically growing sweet corn under different elevation in the humid tropical climate of Indonesia.

Unproperly functions from the irrigation channels and networks cause inefficiently water distribution to supply rice fields for the paddy growth demand. The results showed that the water loss from the primary canal with whole channel length of 800 m at Kah Pulo Geto Bengkulu around 13.76% and at the same time the water efficiency in this channel amounted to 86.24%, slightly below the theoretical efficiency limit value, 90%. From 10 primary canals, 7 canals conveyed water inefficient to next channel networks. The water loss resulting inefficiency water supplies in the irrigation canals were caused by seepage, 1.351 x 10-4 m day-1 while the water loss through evaporation was about 0.0207 mm sec-1. Cracks and concrete damage occurrences causes the water seepage in the irrigation channel because of lack of maintenance.

This study evaluated the morphological and physiological traits of 29 lanzones (Lansium domesticum) accessions from four varieties: ‘Longkong’, ‘Duku’, ‘Mindanao’, and ‘Paete’. Most accessions exhibited verticillate and irregular branching, except ‘Longkong 3’, ‘Longkong 4’, and ‘Mindanao 1’, which showed pyramidal forms. All accessions had elliptic leaflets with broadly acuminate tips and cuneate bases, though leaflet size and area varied due to environmental factors such as light, soil type, and water availability. ‘Longkong’ accessions had the highest chlorophyll content, indicating greater photosynthetic efficiency and growth potential. In fruit morphology, ‘Duku’ produced the heaviest bunches, while ‘Longkong’ had more compact clusters. Taste differences were also observed, with ‘Paete’ being sweet to sour while ‘Longkong’ and ‘Duku’ mainly sweet. Significant variation occurred in fruit size, weight, peel thickness, aril characteristics, seed number, and total soluble solids. These variations are influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, including parthenocarpy, apomixis, and natural hybridization. While vegetative traits were mostly similar, differences in physiological and fruit traits provide essential information for cultivar improvement and enhanced lanzones production.

Forest monasteries are significant Buddhist sites that serve as hubs for ecological services and forest habitats. These monasteries are dispersed throughout urban and community landscapes in Thailand, but have been facing a decline in green space due to land-use changes and urban expansion. This study discussed the assessment of the situation and changes in the structure and pattern of forest monastery green spaces through the application of geo-information technology and principles of landscape ecology. The study classified green and non-green areas in 2022, with proportions of 39.40% and 60.06% respectively. Accuracy and Kappa were 80.21% and 0.92, respectively, reflecting near-perfect agreement. The most significant ecological landscape structures of forest monasteries were green spaces with a core area surrounded by edges, supporting habitats and ecological services, accounting for 19.50% and 10.12%, respectively. These forest monasteries were found across all four settlement patterns: nucleated, linear, dispersed, and isolated, distributed in urban, suburban, and natural areas, each facing different landscape mosaic changes. Forest monasteries located within developed landscapes tended to have lower green space retention and persistence compared to those in agricultural, mixed, and natural landscapes, respectively. However, in terms of maintaining contiguous green spaces, analysis of landscape metrics such as patch area, percentage of landscape, core area, and patch context revealed that Wat Pah Nanachat and Wat Pah Nong Pa Pong had the highest values. These metrics most strongly reflected the green space identity of forest monasteries, even though these monasteries are located in areas undergoing urban development, compared to other forest monasteries. The findings of this research can be used to analyze and assess the green space potential of monasteries dispersed throughout the landscape system. This is helped to understand the dynamics of change in forest monastery green spaces, which must be surrounded by forested areas—an essential cultural landscape element vital to social ecology and contributing are to expand the urban green spaces for future environmental sustainability.