Background: Aqidah learning in higher education plays a vital role in shaping students' faith. However, many students still struggle to apply the aqidah theory to their daily lives. Therefore, the application of scientific methods in aqidah learning is urgently needed to enhance students' understanding and deepen their faith. Objective: This study aims to elucidate the importance of scientific methods in aqidah learning from the perspective of Imam Al-Ghazali. Method: This study employs a literature review, analyzing the works of Imam Al-Ghazali and related literature. Result: The scientific method, which involves a rational and critical approach, enables students to understand faith more deeply and practically. Imam Al-Ghazali emphasizes the importance of integrating faith and morals, which can be strengthened through a scientific approach. Conclusion: The application of scientific methods in the study of aqidah significantly contributes to strengthening students' faith, enhancing the quality of teaching, and fostering a more rational and systematic understanding of religious teachings. Contribution: This study aims to introduce the application of scientific methods in aqidah education, which can serve as a reference for the development of religious curricula and teaching in higher education.

Background: The establishment of pondok education in the Malay world coincides with the emergence of Malay-Islamic kingdoms, rendering the pondok a central educational platform for the Malay community. Its education system emphasizes the Arabic language, with Jawi texts produced to meet local needs. In addition to imparting knowledge, pondok education plays a key role in developing students' skills. Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the role and contribution of pondok education in the development of human potential, specifically in terms of cognitive thinking and behavioral patterns. Method: The methodology employed is document analysis, utilizing a qualitative approach for data collection, screening, analysis, and conclusion. Result: The study found that the study and life routines in pondok schools are highly effective in skill development, even though the facilities provided are not comparable to those in full boarding schools or universities. Conclusion: The study concludes that pondok education makes a significant contribution to the development of human potential by strengthening religious values and enhancing life skills. Contribution: This research contributes to a deeper understanding of pondok education and its relevance in modern educational contexts.

Objective: Teaching the Qur'an in elementary schools requires effective methods so that students are not only able to read the Qur'an, but also understand the correct reading rules (tartil and tajwid). One method that is widely used in Islamic schools is the Qiroati method. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the Qiroati method in teaching the Qur'an at SDI Al-Azhar 51 in Bengkulu City. Method: This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The research subjects included the principal, Qiroati teachers, and Qiroati assistant teachers. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data validity was tested using source triangulation, method triangulation, and theory triangulation. Results: The Qiroati method has been implemented effectively in accordance with learning procedures; however, its implementation has not been entirely optimal. This is due to limited learning time during the pandemic and a shortage of educators, especially those competent in the Qiroati method. Nevertheless, the Qiroati method is considered adequate because it is practical, easy to understand, systematic, and suitable for step-by-step learning. Students were able to recite clearly, follow the rules of tartil, and understand basic tajwid well. Conclusion: The Qiroati method is effective for teaching the Qur'an at SDI Al-Azhar 51 in Bengkulu City, although it still requires improvement in terms of learning duration and the availability of competent educators. Contribution: This study provides input for schools and educators to enhance the quality of Al-Qur'an learning by optimizing the Qiroati method, particularly in terms of learning time planning, teacher training, and a continuous evaluation system.

Background: This study is motivated by the importance of preserving local wisdom to strengthen Islamic values in modern society. Sundanese local wisdom, reflected in the concepts of Silih Asih, Silih Asah, and Silih Asuh, holds moral values that align with the teachings of the Qur'an and can support character formation in society. Objective: The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between the concepts of Sundanese local wisdom, Silih Asih, Silih Asah, and Silih Asuh, and the values found in the Qur'an, highlighting the harmony between them in promoting morality and social ethics. Method: This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach. The researcher collects and analyzes relevant sources to understand the relationship between Sundanese local wisdom and the teachings of the Qur'an. Result: The study's results show that the values in Silih Asih, Silih Asah, and Silih Asuh align with the teachings of the Qur'an. Silih Asih is reflected in Surah Ali-Imran verse 1, Silih Asah in Surah Sad verse 29, and Silih Asuh in Surah Al-Asr verses 1–3. Conclusion: The study concludes that the values of Sundanese local wisdom are in harmony with the moral and spiritual principles of Islam found in the Qur'an. These values can be integrated to strengthen the character formation of society. Contribution: The contribution of this research is to reinforce the integration between local culture and the teachings of the Qur'an, which serves as the foundation for character building, social ethics, and community harmony. This study also highlights the importance of preserving local culture within the Islamic context.

Background: The Maghrib Mengaji program has long been a Muslim tradition that fosters Qur’anic literacy and moral development. Its continued existence plays a vital role in strengthening community-based religious education, particularly for young children. Objective: This study aims to describe the implementation of the Maghrib Mengaji program as a medium for Qur’an learning among early childhood students. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with the research conducted at TPQ Al Ittihad, Cirebon Regency. Data were collected through observation and interviews with program organizers and participants. Result: The findings reveal insights into the history and implementation of the Maghrib Mengaji program, its roles and benefits for early childhood Qur’an learning, and the obstacles encountered during its execution. Conclusion: The Maghrib Mengaji program serves as an effective platform for introducing Qur’anic learning and strengthening children’s spiritual values. However, challenges such as limited resources and scheduling conflicts remain to be addressed. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of community-based Islamic education and provides a framework for improving Qur’anic learning strategies for early childhood through the Maghrib Mengaji tradition.

Background: Before the arrival of Islam, Arab society lived in the Jahiliyyah period, which was characterized by polytheism, social instability, and low moral standards. Objective: This study aims to explore and analyze social and educational changes in pre-Prophet Classical Arabia, examining the emergence of the Islamic education system during the time of the Prophet Muhammad, including the transition from informal oral traditions to a more structured, revelation-based education system. Method: The research employs a literature study approach, specifically a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Primary and secondary sources are analyzed thematically to compare the characteristics of Arab society before and after the prophethood of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, with a focus on social, economic, and educational dimensions. Results: The findings show that the arrival of Islam through the Prophet Muhammad SAW brought radical changes in the socio-economic and educational order. Education, which initially evolved from informal and oral traditions, developed into a structured system centered on revelation, literacy (including reading and writing), and early institutions such as the Kuttab and Suffah, as well as the strengthening of scientific ethics through the values of monotheism, justice, and morality. Conclusion: The shift from the pre-Islamic to the prophetic era transformed education from oral traditions to structured learning, strengthening moral foundations, expanding literacy, and redefining the link between knowledge, religion, and society. Contribution: This research provides a historical and critical perspective on the emergence of Islamic education as a response to the limitations of pre-Islamic society, framing education as a driver of social change and a conceptual basis for developing value-based curricula and modern educational models.

Background: Religious education aims to deepen understanding of religious doctrines while fostering character development through humanistic values and empathy. This study explores how integrating humanistic philosophy into religious education can promote freedom, responsibility, and social awareness, helping to prevent dogmatic interpretations of religion. Objective: This study aims to examine how a humanistic approach can enhance students' empathy and appreciation for religious diversity. Method: Using a library research method with content analysis, the study reviews relevant literature on humanistic philosophy in religious education. Result: Preliminary findings suggest that humanistic principles can be effectively incorporated into religious education, promoting inclusivity, empathy, and respect for others. Conclusion: The study concludes that a humanistic approach to religious education supports religious understanding and cultivates students' character, fostering respect for diversity and human dignity. Contribution: This research contributes to a more inclusive and socially relevant religious education that goes beyond doctrine to emphasise humanistic values in daily life.

Background: Juvenile inmates face moral challenges due to past delinquency and lack of guidance. Religious programs in correctional settings offer potential for rehabilitation, yet their role remains underexplored. Objective: This study explores the role of religious guidance in rehabilitating juvenile inmates at LPKA. It aims to analyze the implementation process, behavioral changes, and factors influencing religious guidance programs. Method: A qualitative descriptive approach was used, involving 10 informants. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. Result: Findings indicate that daily religious activities, including Qur’an recitation, congregational prayers, religious lectures, and dhikr, contribute significantly to behavioral improvements. Juvenile inmates exhibited a transition from negative traits (harsh language, indifference, and misconduct) to positive behaviors (politeness, care for parents, and peaceful interactions). Conclusion: Religious activities play a crucial role in fostering moral and behavioral transformation among juvenile inmates. Self-motivation, family support, staff, and religious mentors serve as supporting factors, while self-resistance and peer influence act as challenges. Contribution: This research underscores the importance of religious guidance as an effective rehabilitation tool, providing valuable insights for policymakers, educators, and social workers in designing more effective rehabilitation programs for juvenile inmates.

Background: Understanding the processes of learning and teaching is essential in education. In the context of Islamic education, learning involves cognitive, spiritual, and moral aspects, requiring theories that align with its core values. Objective: This study aims to explore the concepts of learning and teaching and to understand various learning theories that support the educational process. Method: The research employs a library research method with an analytical approach to relevant literature. Result: The results indicate that learning and teaching are distinct yet interconnected concepts. Learning has specific characteristics and is influenced by various factors. Additionally, several major learning theories exist, including cognitivism, behaviorism, humanism, and constructivism. In the context of Islamic education, four learning theories are recognized: taqlid, tajribah wa khatha, ta’wid, and tafakkur. Conclusion: The study concludes that understanding learning theories is crucial for enhancing the effectiveness of teaching and learning processes. Contribution: The contribution of this research lies in providing a more comprehensive insight into learning concepts and theories that can be applied in various educational contexts, including Islamic education.

Background: Routine community religious gatherings like weekly recitations enhance spiritual knowledge and social bonds, yet their effectiveness is rarely evaluated systematically at the grassroots level. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the routine Friday night recitation activities to improve the religious knowledge of the community in Timur Indah V, Bengkulu City. Method: This study uses an evaluation approach with the Formative-Sumative Evaluation Model, which focuses on formative evaluation to measure the process and outcomes of the pengajian (Islamic study) activities. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted using triangulation techniques to ensure the validity of the findings. Result: The process of implementing the Friday night recitation routine has been running according to procedures, although there are still some aspects of the instrument that have not been applied optimally. Regarding activity results, the congregation felt that this recitation greatly increased their religious insight. Conclusion: The routine Friday night recitation in Timur Indah V has positively impacted the congregation's understanding and religious practices. Although this activity has been running according to procedures, some aspects still need to be improved to increase its effectiveness. Contribution: This study empirically evaluates the effectiveness of routine recitation as a medium for religious education in the community.