- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.64.49851
- Dec 30, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Dalia Gaber + 5 more
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) remain a significant global health concern, contributing to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and rising healthcare costs. Adherence to infection prevention and control (IPC) practices by healthcare workers (HCWs) is critical to reducing these risks. To evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of HCWs in the Western Region of Saudi Arabia regarding IPC. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 780 HCWs, including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and allied health staff from multiple hospital departments. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire assessing demographics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward IPC. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed to identify predictors of compliance. Most participants demonstrated good knowledge of hand hygiene (92%) and WHO IPC guidelines (88%), though gaps persisted in knowledge of sterilization protocols (68%). Attitudes were generally positive, with 88% identifying IPC as highly important and 84% emphasizing the role of leadership support. However, practices were inconsistent: 80% reported updating practices according to new IPC guidelines, only 56% conducted regular IPC assessments, and just 20% consistently reported non-compliance. Logistic regression analysis showed that availability of PPE (OR = 3.6), prior IPC training (OR = 2.0), confidence in applying IPC measures (OR = 2.5), and longer work experience (OR = 2.8) were significant predictors of adherence. HCWs in Western Saudi Arabia demonstrate strong knowledge and positive attitudes toward IPC but suboptimal compliance in practice. Continuous training, supportive leadership, and systematic institutional audits are essential to strengthen adherence and reduce the burden of HAIs.
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.64.50803
- Dec 30, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Maria Eduarda Pereira + 1 more
Clonazepam (CLO) is the most prescribed drug in the benzodiazepine class, used as an antiepileptic and anxiolytic agent. Tablets are the most commercialized pharmaceutical form in the world. Pill partitioning refers to the practice of dividing a pill into smaller parts to adjust the prescribed dose of a drug, and is a decision related, in most cases, to the flexibility of doses, reduction of the cost of therapy and to facilitate swallowing, presenting a high risk to public health and impacting the quality of the drug. The objective of this study was to evaluate quality aspects of whole and broken tablets containing CLO, according to the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia, to correlate losses after Quality Control tests such as Content, Unit Dose Uniformity, Weight Determination, Friability, Hardness, and to compare the impact of the use of different partitioning methods by the population: knife, hands, and tablet cutter. The tests proved to be adequate to evaluate the quality of the tablets after partitioning, demonstrating that the physical characteristics of the evaluated tablets influence the cut. The loss of quality in all drugs after partitioning was notorious, with increased Friability, reduced Hardness and problems of dose homogeneity (Unit Dose Uniformity Test). In addition, it is possible to determine that the best performing tablets after partitioning were R (reference drug) and G1 (generic drug). Thus, the best method of partitioning the pills according to the research was with the use of one's own hands, but it is not a recommended action.
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.64.49510
- Dec 30, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Joseph Raymond Enoghase + 4 more
Anatomists in Nigeria continue to be perceived primarily as educators and custodians of cadavers—roles rooted in colonial medical traditions. This limited view has obscured the wider relevance of anatomical science in national development. In contrast, global practice now positions Anatomists as integral contributors to surgical training, forensic investigation, biomedical innovation, and public-health research. This paper, titled Repositioning Anatomists in Nigeria for National Development: Challenges and Policy Perspectives, Beyond the Morgue and Classroom, critically examines the socio-institutional and legal factors that confine Nigerian Anatomists to narrow professional roles. It adopts a narrative literature review and policy-analysis approach to evaluate global best practices, identify structural barriers, and propose actionable reforms for Nigeria. Key findings reveal persistent stereotypes, outdated curricula, inadequate policy recognition, and the continued enforcement of the obsolete Anatomy Act 1933, while the proposed Anatomy Bill 2021, which would empower Anatomists through professional regulation and broader practice rights remains unpassed. The paper calls for curriculum modernization, policy advocacy, interprofessional collaboration, and the establishment of a functional Anatomy Council of Nigeria. Repositioning the discipline beyond the morgue and classroom is essential for integrating Anatomists into clinical, forensic, research, and technological sectors. Doing so will not only elevate the profession but also strengthen Nigeria’s healthcare, innovation, and scientific-development capacity for the 21st century.
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.v6i3.47004
- Oct 26, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Samara Cáo Paixão + 1 more
The teaching of subjects such as genetics and molecular biology faces significant challenges in the current educational context, especially when it comes to understanding complex topics such as gene expression. Educators need to update their teaching practices to promote more meaningful learning that goes beyond the mere transmission of information. The complexity of content such as gene expression, which involves fundamental concepts ranging from DNA structure to protein synthesis, is crucial to understanding biological processes and must be addressed in an accessible and contextualized manner. Authors highlight the need for more interactive and contextualized pedagogical approaches that stimulate students' curiosity and promote meaningful learning. Inquiry-based teaching, for example, allows students to formulate hypotheses and investigate, promoting more dynamic and meaningful learning. Thus, this report describes a teaching sequence applied in a 11th-grade class at a public state school, based on an investigative approach. The activity sought to stimulate hypothesis formulation using playful and accessible resources and guided discussions. The results indicated that, despite initial difficulties, students demonstrated conceptual advances and growing engagement, demonstrating the potential for effective inquiry-based teaching in the development of scientific and critical thinking.
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.v6i3.47017
- Oct 26, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Carolina Diniz Silva Marchiore + 2 more
This article presents an experience report of an investigative teaching sequence applied in an elementary and middle school in the municipality of Rio Bananal, Espírito Santo, Brazil. The aim was to help students understand the real reason behind smartphone consumption, with an emphasis on youth consumption, identifying companies' planned obsolescence actions and the environmental and social consequences of this type of sales strategy. The data were collected through the application of an investigative teaching sequence in a high school class, where students conducted research on the concept of planned obsolescence, associating the data with the frequency of cell phone replacement by young people. In addition, a self-assessment of their own consumption was carried out, identifying the influence of this behavior on youth self-esteem and the environmental impacts related to the induced consumption of various products through planned obsolescence. At the end of the classes, the adolescents were able to identify how they are induced to consume, as well as the damage that misguided consumerism causes to their self-esteem. In addition, they were able to produce materials to raise awareness among other young people about the issue.
- Journal Issue
- 10.47456/hb.v6i2
- May 23, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.v6i1.48318
- May 5, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Izabela Mantovani Dettogni + 2 more
Trichomonas vaginalis é o parasito causador da tricomoníase, infecção sexualmente transmissível não viral com ampla prevalência mundial e que atinge majoritariamente mulheres. A transmissão da doença acontece principalmente por meio do contato sexual desprotegido e cursa de maneira assintomática na maioria dos casos. Diante de estudos que apontam a infecção por T. vaginalis e uma maior susceptibilidade a outras doenças sexualmente transmissíveis, o objetivo do presente estudo foi relacionar essa doença a uma maior susceptibilidade ao HIV e apresentar dados científicos que possam ser utilizados para formular metodologias de prevenção às duas infecções. Dessa forma, realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, compreendendo o período de 2005 a 2021, a partir de artigos indexados nas bases de dados SciELO, Pubmed e LILACS. Os descritores escolhidos, conforme classificação dos descritores em ciências da saúde (DeCS) foram: “Trichomonas Vaginalis”, “HIV” e “Imunodeficiência Humana”, combinados entre si nas línguas inglesa, portuguesa e espanhola. As buscas foram conduzidas a partir de uma questão norteadora e a seleção dos artigos foi realizada aplicando-se os critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-definidos. A partir dos resultados, observou-se que as principais variáveis relacionadas às duas infecções foram: sexo feminino; raça/cor branca e preta; estar gestante; estado civil solteira, divorciada e viúva; baixa escolaridade e renda e variáveis comportamentais (múltiplos parceiros sexuais e uso abusivo de álcool). Em relação à pergunta norteadora da revisão, foi possível concluir que a presença da infecção por T. vaginalis aumenta o risco do indivíduo se contaminar com HIV e vice-versa, sendo necessárias intervenções e metodologias direcionadas ao conhecimento e prevenção de ambas as doenças.
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.v6i1.48327
- May 5, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Gabriella Cordeiro Cortes Barbosa + 3 more
A População em Situação de Rua é caracterizada por condições de extrema pobreza, fragilidade dos vínculos familiares e ausência de moradia regular. Em Belo Horizonte, o Consultório na Rua atua promovendo o cuidado integral à saúde dessa população. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a População em Situação de Rua do município de Belo Horizonte atendida pelo Consultório na Rua, considerando aspectos socioeconômicos e de saúde, através dos dados coletados. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, transversal e observacional, baseado na análise dos dados do Sistema de Saúde em Rede e da base de monitoramento interno do Consultório na Rua. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas com o uso do software R e os resultados foram apresentados em tabelas de frequência. Observou-se uma população predominantemente masculina, em idade produtiva e de cor da pele preta e parda, com alta prevalência de uso de substâncias psicoativas, transtornos mentais e comportamentais. Conclui-se que o Consultório na Rua representa um importante serviço de atendimento às pessoas em situação de rua, atendendo as demandas e especificidades dessa população, através de sua abordagem inclusiva e humanizada, respeitando a diversidade e proporcionando um cuidado integral. Recomenda-se o fortalecimento e expansão dessas equipes, bem como o aprimoramento dos processos de coleta de informações do atendimento a essa população. Essas medidas visam aperfeiçoar o monitoramento e consequentemente a formulação de políticas públicas específicas e mais eficazes para esse grupo.
- Research Article
- 10.47456/hb.v6i1.48319
- May 5, 2025
- Health and Biosciences
- Emilly Almeida Santos + 1 more
Embora a taxa de mortalidade por doenças parasitárias tenha diminuído significativamente nos últimos anos, o índice de morbidade ainda se constitui como um problema para a população brasileira. Com frequência há muitos casos assintomáticos, dificultando a detecção da infecção, o que contribui para uma falsa expectativa de melhora desse quadro. Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos estudantes de uma instituição de nível superior com relação às parasitoses intestinais. Os estudantes que concordaram em participar assinaram um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido e responderam a um questionário com informações pessoais e perguntas sobre alimentação, higiene e estado de saúde. Um total de 119 estudantes respondeu ao questionário e aqueles pertencentes aos cursos de Ciência da Computação, Engenharia de Produção e Farmácia demonstraram maior conhecimento sobre as parasitoses intestinais, como evitá-las, bem como o preparo adequado dos alimentos e o consumo de água filtrada. Considerando a renda familiar dos entrevistados, observou-se que os estudantes cujas famílias recebem acima de 5 salários-mínimos foram os que mais realizaram exames parasitológicos, como também não apresentaram resultados positivos para contaminação parasitária. Giardia lamblia, Ascaris lumbricoides e Endolimax nana foram os parasitos relatados pelos estudantes e a população com hábitos de roer unhas apresentou o maior índice de contaminação parasitológica. Os resultados indicam que os hábitos, as condições socioeconômicas e o conhecimento dos processos de transmissão parasitária são de extrema importância para o direcionamento e desenvolvimento de estratégias aos estudantes de forma a diminuir a prevalência das doenças.
- Journal Issue
- 10.47456/hb.v6i1
- May 5, 2025
- Health and Biosciences