Introduction. Direct causes of preterm birth include spon­ta­neous unexplained preterm labor with intact membranes (uterine distension, maternal-fetal stress, and intrauterine infections), idiopathic preterm premature rupture of mem­branes (PROM), delivery prompted by maternal or fetal in­di­ca­tions, and multiple pregnancy. Case report. This case report describes a 31-year-old woman at 21 weeks of gestation who presented at the emergency room with va­gi­nal bleeding. She had a history of previous premature birth at 24 weeks and emergency caesarean section for abru­ptio placentae at 29 weeks. Despite a cervical length of 32 mm, a prophylactic cervical cerclage was performed at 14 weeks due to her history. At 20 weeks, an Arabin pessary was added for cervical shortening to 25 mm with funneling. Du­ring examination, the amniotic pouch was seen inside the cervical pessary, and after the removal of the pessary, a 3-cm cervical rupture was observed cranial and right to the cerclage. Attempting another cerclage failed due to a large cervical rupture visible after anesthetic muscular re­la­xa­tion. The patient chose the expectant management, but later opted for the termination of the pregnancy due to sig­ni­fi­cant bleeding. Conclusions. The peculiarity of this case was that the fetus was evacuated through the cervical rup­ture, and uterine curettage was performed through the same pathway. The cervix was 2 cm dilated, and the repair was done with separate “X” resorbable sutures. The patient was discharged four days post-procedure, with favorable follow-up.

The article discusses the detection and prevention of hos­pi­tal-acquired staphylococcal infections in pregnant women and postpartum mothers at the “Prof. Dr. Panait Sîrbu” Cli­ni­­cal Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, in Bucharest, Ro­ma­nia, with a particular focus on infections caused by Sta­phylococcus aureus and its antibiotic resistance (MRSA). Scre­ening methods involve bacterial cultures from va­rious body sites (nose, axilla, skin) to detect the presence of staphylococcus. At the “Prof. Dr. Panait Sîrbu” Clinical Hos­pi­tal, tests are performed on all hospitalized patients, and those who test positive undergo decolonization treat­ment. In cases of obvious infection, patients are iso­la­ted to prevent further transmission. Study results from Ja­nua­ry 1 to October 31, 2024 show a 4.69% prevalence of staphylococcal infections, with 0.64% caused by MRSA. In the neonatology departments, the contamination rate is lower (0.45%). The article emphasizes the importance of re­gu­lar screening and preventive measures to reduce the in­ci­dence of staphylococcal infections, especially MRSA, among hospitalized patients.

Background. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an ex­pan­ding global health problem, being considered a chronic me­­ta­­bo­lic disease. It is a rapidly growing noncommunicable di­­sease. According to World Health Organization (WHO), about 422 million people have diabetes worldwide. A total of 1.5 million deaths are reported each year due to diabetes. Gly­ce­mic control is very important to decrease the mortality and complications from diabetes. Social, psychological and die­tary factors influence the control of blood glucose level. We studied the factors affecting glycemic control among wo­men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We tried to identify die­tary factors and psychological factors among women with T2DM in our study objectives. Methodology. We used a quantitative approach, with a descriptive design. Data were collected from a random sample of 300 participants using self-administrated questionnaire. Results. The ma­­jo­­rity of T2DM patients fell within the 60-65 years old age category (26%), making it the most affected group com­pared to others. Among the participants, Tamil (8%), Muslim (14%), and Burger (2%) individuals were reported to suffer from T2DM. All retired women in the study were found to have T2DM. Additionally, participants who consumed starch-rich foods daily (2%) or 3-4 times per week (8%), as well as those who used to eat fast food 3-4 times per week (1%) or twice a week (4%) were identified as T2DM pa­tients. The mean value of psychological factors was close to 1.01 on a Likert scale, where a value of 1 represents a mi­nor problem level. None of the participants highlighted sig­ni­fi­cant psychological reasons as being directly related to T2DM. Conclusions. The study indicated common cau­ses related to glycemic control among women with type 2 dia­be­tes mellitus. Our findings can be used to reduce the HbA1C levels and help the T2DM patients to adjust their die­tary patterns and change their personal life, thus in­crea­sing the women’s quality of life.

Objective. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the effec­tive­ness of the Cordia® platform, a digital health so­lu­tion designed to provide continuous monitoring and per­so­na­lized care for pregnant women in underserved areas. The project focused on the early identification of potential com­­pli­­ca­­tions, adherence to care plans, and promoting heal­thy lifestyle choices among participants. Materials and method. Fifty pregnant women from rural and remote areas were enrolled in the initial phase of the study. The par­ti­ci­pants used the Cordia® platform to monitor key health me­trics, including weight, blood pressure, blood sugar, symp­toms, and exercise. Data were collected on initial weight, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels. Patient sa­tis­fac­tion with the platform’s features and usability was as­sessed using structured questionnaires. The platform fa­ci­li­ta­ted real-time health data sharing between patients and healthcare providers, enabling personalized guidance and early intervention in case of abnormalities. Results. The ini­tial data demonstrated diverse baseline health metrics among participants, with initial weights ranging from 48.6 to 91 kg, blood pressure readings from 94/60 mmHg to 136/72 mmHg, and blood sugar levels between 49 mg/dL and 148 mg/dL. The use of the Cordia® platform resulted in a high engagement rate, with notable improvements in adhe­rence to care plans and frequent app usage. Patient sa­tis­fac­tion was high, with positive feedback highlighting the platform’s ease of use, accessibility, and educational re­sour­ces. A significant proportion of participants reported in­creased confidence in managing their pregnancy, and en­hanced communication with healthcare providers led to improved clinical outcomes, including early detection of complications such as hypertension (6%), gestational dia­betes (8%), and obstetric cholestasis (8%). Conclusions. The pilot study demonstrates that the Cordia® platform is an effective tool for supporting maternal health through con­ti­nuous monitoring and personalized care. High pa­tient satisfaction and positive feedback underscore the po­ten­tial of the platform to improve healthcare outcomes in underserved populations. The results suggest a scalable so­lu­tion for broader deployment, with further refinements to address identified improvement areas.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and mixed urinary in­con­ti­nence (MUI) are common conditions affecting the wo­men’s quality of life. The surgical management of SUI is considered when conservative measures fail. Can­di­dates for surgery include women with simple SUI or a pri­mary stress component in MUI after the adequate manage­ment of urgency symptoms. Surgical decision-ma­king factors include intrinsic sphincter deficit, urethral hyper­mo­bi­lity, previous conservative treatments, con­cur­rent procedures, lifestyle, age, general health, and prior pelvic surgeries. A thorough discussion about potential com­pli­ca­tions, including surgical failure, injury, retention, ero­sion, infection and voiding difficulties, is essential for an informed decision-making. Surgical options include re­tro­pu­bic colposuspension, Burch colposuspension (open, la­pa­ro­scopic, or robotic), and tension-free mid-urethral slings (MUS), such as TVT and TVT-O, which are gaining po­pu­la­rity due to their minimal invasiveness, comparable suc­cess rates, and lower morbidity. Autologous fascial slings and bulking agents are reserved for specific cases like in­trinsic sphincter deficiency. Retropubic colposuspension re­mains the gold standard, but laparoscopic approaches are considered when concurrent laparoscopic procedures are necessary. Complications of colposuspension include voi­ding dysfunction, detrusor overactivity, and pelvic organ pro­lapse. Current guidelines discourage synthetic MUS in pa­tients with poor tissue healing or concurrent urethral sur­ge­ries. Postoperative care should focus on monitoring for complications and ensuring the optimal recovery. Long-term success and complications, such as persistent ur­gency symptoms in mixed urinary incontinence, must be clearly communicated to patients considering surgical intervention.

Gastroschisis is one of the most common fetal abdominal defects, along with ectopia cordis, omphalocele and bladder exstrophy. The defect is located mostly to the right of the um­bi­li­cal cord, although the left side defect may be also en­coun­tered. Omphalocele is the defect situated on the mid­line at the level of the umbilical cord entry, and the or­gans that protrude are covered by the same membrane that covers the umbilical cord. Organs protruded through gas­tro­schi­sis are not covered by any membrane and, hence, they are exposed to amnionic fluid, and complications may arise. Early diagnosis is extremely important for the cor­rect management and the parents’ counseling in order to pre­vent further complications and give the future parents a real insight of expectations and allow them to be prepared for the pregnancy evolution. We present the case of a 24-year-old primigravida, with no risk factors associated. At the 13-week scan, we diagnosed fetal gastroschisis. She chose to perform a cell-free fetal DNA that turned out ne­ga­tive for aneuploidies. Then she decided to continue with the pregnancy after the genetic and maternal-fetal spe­cia­list counseling at a tertiary center in Bucharest, Romania. There was an uneventful course of pregnancy until 35 weeks and 3 days, when spontaneous rupture of membranes occurred, and the baby was delivered by cae­sa­rean section and then sent to the pediatric ward for ma­nage­ment. The baby undergone Silo procedure and, seven days after the caesarean section, the bowel loops were entirely in the abdomen, and the defect was sutured with­out complications.

Respiratory distress syndrome is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality among premature new­borns. The diagnosis of this condition is based on the ima­ging results obtained at cardiopulmonary radiography. Re­cently, lung ultrasound has gained a crucial role in the early diagnosis and evaluation of respiratory distress in newborns. It is a fast and safe technique, having the ad­van­tage that it does not radiate and it can be repeated dy­na­mi­cally both for establishing the diagnosis and for gui­ding neonatologists in order to establish the optimal mo­ment of surfactant administration. The indication for sur­fac­tant administration is guided by parameters such as cardiothoracic radiography, the ratio of arterial/al­veo­lar oxygen pressure (a/A), and the inspiratory fraction of oxygen (FiO2). Over the years, numerous studies, still on­going, have attempted to demonstrate the usefulness of lung ultrasound for the management of respiratory distress syn­drome and the prediction of surfactant administration ac­cor­ding to the ultrasound score. This review article aims to describe the technique of lung ultrasound and the in­ter­pre­ta­tion of the score obtained in order to determine the op­ti­mal moment of administration of exogenous surfactant, ta­king into account the current European recommendations that consider lung ultrasound a useful tool to determine the se­ve­rity of the respiratory distress syndrome and guide the ad­mi­nis­tra­tion of surfactant.

Starting from menarche, the onset of the first menstrual period, until menopause, which marks the end of re­pro­duc­tive capabilities, women undergo monthly fluctuations in hor­mones responsible for reproductive regulation. These hor­mones extend their impact beyond direct reproductive func­tions, exerting influences on mood regulation, body temperature, respiration, the autonomic nervous sys­tem, and sleep. Abnormal menstrual symptoms are frequently reported by young women and, concurrently, sleep distur­bances carry broad implications for the health, be­ha­vior and academic performance of individuals, en­com­pas­sing both those generally healthy and those with un­der­lying medical conditions. In contrast to men, women frequently report more sleep disorders and exhibit a higher sus­cep­tibility to insomnia. Premenstrual syndrome and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) disrupt the hormonal balance and are known to alter sleep patterns. Women experiencing sig­ni­fi­cant emotional premenstrual symptoms tend to be sleepier during the late luteal phase compared to those with mi­ni­mal symptoms. PCOS is known to be the most common hor­mo­nal disorder in women of reproductive age. However, sleep hygiene is not frequently included in the treatment recommendations of these patients.

Pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence are prevalent conditions among women, significantly im­pac­ting the quality of life. Laparoscopic surgery has emerged as a preferred approach for managing these conditions due to its advantages over traditional open surgery, in­clu­ding smaller incisions, reduced blood loss, and quicker re­co­very times. This article reviews the advancements in la­pa­ro­sco­pic techniques, such as sacrocolpopexy and Burch col­po­sus­pen­sion, and discusses their application in re­con­struc­tive pel­vic surgery and continence operations. While la­pa­ro­sco­pic approaches offer superior intraoperative vi­si­bi­lity and less postoperative discomfort, they are associated with a steep learning curve and require specialized training. Chal­lenges such as high costs, limited access to technology, and mesh-related complications can hinder broader adop­tion. Nonetheless, the benefits in terms of patients’ out­comes and quality of life are compelling, with high suc­cess rates and patients’ satisfaction reported across mul­ti­ple studies. Future directions include the integration of ro­bo­tic assistance, single-incision techniques, and AI-dri­ven sur­gi­cal planning, which promise to further enhance the pre­ci­sion and accessibility of laparoscopic surgery. Em­pha­sizing com­pre­hen­sive training programs will be es­sen­tial to ex­pand the expertise in these minimally invasive tech­niques and im­prove patient care. Ongoing research and in­no­va­tions are expected to solidify the role of laparoscopic surgery in uro­gy­ne­co­logy, providing effective and patient-centered solutions for pelvic organ prolapse and stress urinary incontinence.