[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000522578.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000522172.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000525809.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000526032.].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1159/000522171.].

Gastric adenocarcinoma is one of the most frequent and deadly cancers worldwide. However, its incidence is variable, being higher in eastern countries where screening the general population is recommended. On the other hand, in low to intermediate-risk countries, screening the general population may not be cost-effective, and therefore, it is necessary to be aware of high-risk populations that may benefit from adequate screening and surveillance. It is not always easy to identify these individuals, leading to a late diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma. In this review, the authors intend to summarize the data required to identify the population at risk of sporadic or familial gastric adenocarcinoma and the beginning of screening and its surveillance, with the final aim of increasing early detection of gastric adenocarcinoma and decreasing morbimortality. The authors highlight the importance to be aware of the several hereditary syndromes and MAPS recommendations and apply screen and surveillance protocols. The high-risk syndromes to gastric adenocarcinoma are gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach, hereditary diffuse gastric cancer, and familial intestinal gastric cancer.

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a public health concern in developing countries, as well as in developed countries as a result of immigration from endemic areas. Gastroduodenal and colorectal tuberculosis are rare manifestations of gastrointestinal infection. Case Presentation: We present 2 cases of gastric, duodenal, and colorectal tuberculosis. The first case, a 17-year-old male with no medical record, presented with chronic diarrhea and abdominal pain. At endoscopy, he had multiple ulcers in the stomach, colon, and rectum, which were positive to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The second case was a 43-year-old HIV-positive male, with a history of intermittent fever, nausea, and vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a deep ulcer on gastric fundus that tested positive to M. tuberculosis in the acid-fast bacilli staining. Discussion/Conclusion: Gastroduodenal and colorectal tuberculosis, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent patients. An adequate tissue sample and appropriate diagnostic tests are essential for the diagnosis and prompt start of first-line antituberculosis agents.

Dyspepsia incorporates a set of symptoms originating from the gastroduodenal region, frequently encountered in the adult population in the Western world. Most patients with symptoms compatible with dyspepsia eventually end up, in the absence of a potential organic cause, being diagnosed with functional dyspepsia. Many have been the new insights in the pathophysiology behind functional dyspeptic symptoms, namely, hypersensitivity to acid, duodenal eosinophilia, and altered gastric emptying, among others. Since these discoveries, new therapies have been proposed. Even so, an established mechanism for functional dyspepsia is not yet a reality, which makes its treatment a clinical challenge. In this paper, we review some of the possible approaches to treatment, both well established and some new therapeutic targets. Recommendations about dose and time of use are also made.