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The Impact of Volunteerism on Community Resilience in Disaster Management

This research investigates the indispensable role of volunteers in disaster management and their profound impact on communities grappling with the aftermath of natural disasters. The study comprehensively explores the motivations that propel volunteers into action, their effectiveness in disaster response, and the far-reaching consequences of their involvement. The primary motivation of volunteers is revealed to be altruism, accompanied by a strong sense of duty and personal experience with disasters. Their effectiveness in disaster management is evident in their rapid response times and versatile contributions, complementing formal emergency services. Importantly, the impact of volunteers extends beyond immediate relief efforts, fostering heightened community resilience, accelerated economic recovery, improved psychological well-being among survivors, and community empowerment. The research also highlights the need for nuanced investigations into the psychological well-being of volunteers, the influence of cultural contexts on volunteer motivations, and ethical considerations within the framework of disaster volunteering. This study underscores the transformative potential of volunteers in disaster management and calls for policies and practices that recognize, empower, and support these altruistic individuals. By fostering a culture of volunteerism and enhancing disaster preparedness, response, and recovery efforts, communities can become more resilient and better equipped to navigate the challenges posed by natural disasters.

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Open Access
Political Participation of the Millennial Generation in General Elections: The Influence of Education, Social Media, and Economic Factors

The Millennial generation, comprising individuals born between the early 1980s and mid-1990s, represents a significant demographic group with the potential to shape the political landscape. This research investigates the multifaceted determinants of Millennial political participation in general elections, seeking to unravel the complexities that drive or hinder their engagement in the democratic process. Employing a mixed-methods approach encompassing surveys and interviews, this study examines key factors influencing Millennial political behavior. The research findings reveal several pivotal insights; Firstly, education emerges as a critical catalyst for Millennial political participation, emphasizing the importance of civic education programs in nurturing political awareness. Secondly, social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, have assumed a transformative role, serving as potent tools for information dissemination, mobilization, and interactive political discourse. Thirdly, economic challenges, notably student loan debt and economic insecurity, persist as formidable barriers, necessitating targeted policies to alleviate these concerns and encourage political engagement. Fourthly, trust in political institutions emerges as a motivating factor, highlighting the significance of transparency and accountability in enhancing Millennial voter turnout. Lastly, non-electoral civic activities, including volunteering and community service, serve as precursors to broader political involvement, underscoring the value of encouraging civic engagement. The implications drawn from these findings reverberate through the realms of policy, political strategy, and societal empowerment. Recommendations include investments in civic education, leveraging social media for political outreach, addressing economic disparities, and fostering civic engagement. As Millennial political participation continues to evolve, this research underscores the importance of empirical analysis in informing effective strategies and policies. It serves as a clarion call for collective action, urging stakeholders across academia, politics, and civil society to empower Millennials as active and informed participants in the democratic process. This research contributes not only to academic knowledge but also to the practical endeavor of strengthening democratic foundations, ensuring that the voices of Millennials resonate within the corridors of governance, and shaping the trajectory of our collective political future

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Open Access
The Impact of Climate Change on Biodiversity in Coastal Ecosystems

Climate change represents one of the most pressing challenges of our time, with far-reaching consequences for ecosystems worldwide. Coastal ecosystems, in particular, stand at the forefront of this crisis, bearing the brunt of rising temperatures, sea-level rise, and extreme weather events. This research delves into the intricate relationship between climate change and the biodiversity of coastal ecosystems, aiming to elucidate the extent of the impact and the pathways through which it manifests. Through a multidisciplinary approach that encompasses extensive field surveys, rigorous laboratory analyses, climate modeling, and geospatial mapping, this study paints a comprehensive picture of the vulnerabilities and adaptations of coastal ecosystems to a changing climate. Key findings include shifts in species distribution, alterations in community structures, and heightened risks to species and habitats that are highly specialized and reliant on stable coastal environments. The research identifies specific climate change impact zones, which serve as focal points for conservation efforts, mitigation strategies, and adaptive management. These zones are not only ecologically significant but also socioeconomically vital, as they support coastal communities dependent on these ecosystems for their livelihoods and sustenance. This study underscores the urgency of international collaboration to combat climate change and preserve coastal biodiversity. It advocates for policy initiatives that prioritize emissions reduction, resilient coastal infrastructure, and the expansion of marine protected areas. Additionally, it emphasizes the integration of local knowledge and community engagement in conservation and adaptation planning. Ultimately, this research offers a profound insight into the complex web of life that thrives within coastal ecosystems and the imperative of their protection. Coastal ecosystems are more than biodiversity hotspots; they are essential providers of ecosystem services that underpin human well-being. Preserving their integrity is not just an ecological imperative but a moral one, as they are a critical component of our planet's natural heritage. In conclusion, this research not only contributes to the scientific understanding of climate change impacts on coastal ecosystems but also calls for immediate and concerted action. By heeding the lessons learned in this study, we can work together to mitigate climate change, adapt to its inevitable consequences, and safeguard the rich tapestry of life that depends on these coastal environments.

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Open Access
The Impact of Smartphone Use on Students' Motor Skills and Emotional Well-being: A Comprehensive Study

The widespread adoption of smartphones among students has raised intriguing questions about their potential influence on various aspects of development, including motor skills and emotional well-being. This research undertook a comprehensive investigation into these relationships, employing a mixed-methods approach encompassing surveys, interviews, and observational assessments. The findings revealed a complex interplay between smartphone use and motor skills. While certain aspects of motor development exhibited negative associations with prolonged smartphone usage, nuances emerged when considering the types of activities engaged in and the presence of parental guidance. These results underscore the significance of maintaining a balanced approach to technology use that encourages physical activity alongside screen time. In the realm of emotional well-being, this study unveiled a spectrum of effects associated with smartphone use. While some students reported experiencing stress, anxiety, and social comparison related to their digital interactions, others discovered solace in mindfulness apps and maintained positive social connections. These results underscore the need for comprehensive digital literacy programs to empower students with the skills to navigate the emotional landscape of the digital age adeptly. Furthermore, the research highlights the pivotal roles of parents and educators in guiding responsible smartphone use. Parents are instrumental in setting boundaries, fostering healthy technology habits, and promoting a harmonious equilibrium between virtual and real-world experiences. Educators, on the other hand, can harness the potential of smartphones for educational enrichment, leveraging interactive learning and digital resources to enhance students' academic journeys. In conclusion, this research elucidates the intricate relationship between smartphone use and students' motor skills and emotional well-being. Recognizing the dual nature of technology's impact, it emphasizes the importance of conscientious engagement with smartphones to maximize their advantages while mitigating potential risks. As we navigate the digital era, the insights from this study contribute to informed discussions, enabling educators, parents, and policymakers to craft strategies that harness the potential of smartphones as tools for empowerment and enrichment in the lives of students.

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Open Access
Impact of the National Health Insurance Program (JKN) on Access to Public Health Services: A Comprehensive Analysis

The National Health Insurance Program (Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN) has been a cornerstone of Indonesia's healthcare system, aiming to provide equitable access to public health services for its population. This research examines the impact of JKN on access to public health services in Indonesia, with a focus on enrollment duration, access barriers, satisfaction levels, and implications for policy and practice. A diverse sample of 800 JKN beneficiaries from various regions in Indonesia participated in this study. Demographic analysis revealed a broad representation of age, gender, education, and income levels among respondents. Data collection included structured surveys, interviews, and focus group discussions to capture comprehensive insights into the experiences of JKN beneficiaries. The research findings suggest that the duration of JKN enrollment significantly influences healthcare utilization. Beneficiaries enrolled for more than 2 years exhibited higher utilization rates, underscoring the importance of sustained enrollment. Access barriers, particularly long wait times and geographical distance to healthcare facilities, were identified as significant challenges. These barriers must be addressed to enhance healthcare accessibility. Satisfaction levels with healthcare services covered by JKN were generally high, but continuous quality improvement efforts are vital to sustain and elevate service quality. Policymakers can leverage these findings to promote long-term enrollment, address access barriers, and maintain equitable access to healthcare services. Healthcare providers can benefit from insights on improving appointment systems and ensuring quality care. The population at large can anticipate improved healthcare access as policy interventions seek to enhance the JKN program's effectiveness. In conclusion, this research contributes to the ongoing discourse on healthcare access in Indonesia, offering practical insights that can inform policy decisions and improve healthcare delivery. It underscores the importance of sustained JKN enrollment, the need to address access barriers, and the continuous pursuit of high-quality healthcare services for all Indonesians

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Open Access
Unearthing Linguistic and Historical Treasures: Analysis of Traces of Pro-to-Austronesian in Ancient Malay Inscriptions from Hindu-Buddhist Antiq-uities in Padang Lawas, North Sumatra

This research delves into the linguistic and historical dimensions of Padang Lawas, a region in North Sumatra, Indonesia, by conducting an in-depth analysis of ancient Malay inscriptions originating from Hindu-Buddhist antiquities. The central objective of the study is to identify traces of Proto-Austronesian, the ancestral language of the Austronesian language family, within these inscriptions and to place them within their broader historical and cultural context. The linguistic analysis begins with the identification of linguistic features, including vocabulary, phonological elements, and syntactical structures, that echo Proto-Austronesian characteristics. By comparing these features with reconstructed Proto-Austronesian and related languages, the research aims to shed light on the linguistic evolution of the Malay language and its historical connections. The historical context is illuminated by examining the inscriptions within the framework of the Hindu-Buddhist period in Padang Lawas. This entails a thorough exploration of religious practices, trade networks, and societal structures that defined the region during this era. Additionally, the inscriptions' references to both Hindu and Buddhist deities reveal the syncretism of beliefs that characterized the cultural landscape. Regional variations in the inscriptions highlight the diversity of cultures and dialects within Padang Lawas, enriching our understanding of linguistic and cultural interactions. Ethical considerations have guided the research, emphasizing the preservation of cultural heritage, responsible research, and collaboration with local communities and authorities. The findings of this research have profound implications. They contribute to the fields of linguistics, history, and archaeology, offering fresh insights into language evolution, historical context, and the interplay of cultures in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, they advocate for the preservation of cultural heritage, responsible research practices, and interdisciplinary collaboration as models for future investigations.

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Open Access
Unlocking the Potential: Analyzing the Impact of Online Games on High School History Education and Learning Outcomes

This research investigates the influence of online games on learning outcomes in high school history subjects, examining their role in engaging students, enhancing critical thinking, and modernizing pedagogy. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates qualitative interviews with students and teachers and quantitative surveys to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research question. The research findings reveal that online games significantly improve student engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes in history education. Students report increased enthusiasm and participation, and test scores show a statistically significant improvement when online games are integrated into the curriculum. The qualitative data illuminate the positive impact of online games on students' critical thinking skills and the quality of teacher-student interaction. Educators can leverage these findings to modernize pedagogical practices, foster interdisciplinary learning, and create inclusive educational environments that cater to diverse learning styles and abilities. The research contributes to the broader understanding of technology's evolving role in education, emphasizing its potential to bridge past and present, engage digital natives, and prepare students for the complexities of the future. It underscores the transformative power of online games in education, providing a dynamic and interactive approach that resonates with today's learners.

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Open Access
Exploring the Influence of Diction and Language Style in Children's Song Lyrics on Preschool Learning and Development

This research delves into the profound influence of diction and language style within children's song lyrics on the educational experiences of preschoolers. The study investigates the impact of diverse language styles, ranging from simpler, repetitive structures to more complex and varied compositions, on language development, cognitive engagement, emotional responses, and learning outcomes in young children. Through a mixed-methods approach encompassing quantitative analysis and qualitative observations, the research examines the implications of varied language styles on comprehension, engagement, and cognitive growth among preschoolers. Findings highlight the significance of diverse language styles in fostering comprehensive learning experiences, nurturing cognitive engagement, emotional responses, and social interactions among preschoolers. The research underscores the importance of a balanced approach to language styles in educational materials, offering immediate engagement while stimulating cognitive challenge for sustained educational growth. The practical application of these findings advocates for educators to curate a diverse repertoire of song lyrics, integrate multisensory experiences, and harness technology to enhance the learning environment for preschoolers, nurturing their language skills, cognitive abilities, and emotional development. The study's implications extend to educational practices, emphasizing the importance of embracing diverse language styles to create a dynamic and comprehensive educational journey for our youngest learners.

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Open Access
Exploring Belief Values in Batu Umang Folklore: A Cultural Analysis of Durin Tani Village, Sibolangit District, Deli Serdang Regency

This research delves into the belief values embedded in the Batu Umang folklore of Durin Tani Village, located in the Sibolangit District of Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach, the study uncovers the intricate web of cultural, social, and historical factors that have shaped these belief values, shedding light on their origins, evolution, and contemporary significance. The cultural context of the Batak people in Durin Tani Village plays a central role in the development of these belief values, with a deep reverence for nature and a harmonious relationship with the environment at its core. Social dynamics, including close-knit community bonds and shared values of unity and collective responsibility, have reinforced these belief values, fostering a sense of community cohesion. The historical backdrop of Dutch colonialism, trade, and migration has left an indelible mark on the folklore, imbuing it with stories of resilience and adaptability in the face of historical challenges. This research contributes significantly to the fields of folklore and cultural anthropology, highlighting the preservation of cultural heritage, community cohesion, and the adaptability of cultural traditions. It also underscores the universal nature of storytelling and belief systems, providing insights into the interconnectedness of culture, society, and history in shaping the belief values of a unique community. Ultimately, this study celebrates the enduring spirit of Durin Tani Village and its timeless cultural heritage, offering a deeper understanding of how local narratives can provide insights into the universal human experience.

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Open Access