IN RECENT YEARS, significant improvements have been achieved in the management of children and adults with either Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome-positive or negative acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). The most important have been the incorporation of immunotherapy in newly diagnosed patients and the incorporation of new monoclonal antibodies and CAR-T constructs in the treatment of relapsed or refractory (R/R) patients. In Ph-positive ALL, new tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are being incorporated in first-line treatment, and the role of haematopoietic transplantation is being redefined. On the other hand, advances in T-ALL are still modest, the most promising being the CAR-T use in R/R patients.

THIS YEAR’S European Hematology Association (EHA) 2025 Congress spotlighted a transformative shift in the prognostic landscape of systemic light chain amyloidosis. Among more than 30 abstracts showcased, two studies stood out: one redefining ultra-high-risk cardiac disease through the Mayo Stage IIIc model, and another introducing circulating tumour cells as a non-invasive biomarker with independent prognostic value. Together, they delivered a clear message: in AL amyloidosis, the future of risk stratification lies at the intersection of refined cardiac imaging and cellular precision.

von Willebrand disease (VWD) is considered the most common inherited bleeding disorder, even surpassing haemophilia A. Nevertheless, VWD may be underdiagnosed, overdiagnosed, or misdiagnosed, depending on the expertise of the managing clinician and the testing laboratory. This is due to the heterogeneity of VWD and the complexities of laboratory assessment. For example, in haemophilia, there is a deficiency or defect in a single clotting factor, either factor VIII or factor IX, for haemophilia A and B, respectively. In contrast, at least six types can be identified in VWD, classified according to the defect and/or deficiency in the plasma protein von Willebrand factor. von Willebrand factor has numerous functions, most of which can be assessed by laboratory testing. However, unlike haemophilia, a battery of laboratory tests is required to enable a diagnosis or exclusion of VWD, as well as its type classification. This complexity is not well understood by many clinicians or scientists. VWD was first described by Erik von Willebrand in 1926, and so 2025 represents 100 years of VWD. The authors review some of the history of VWD, as well as outlining the current state of play for diagnosis and treatment.

THE 30ᵗʰ EUROPEAN Hematology Association (EHA) Congress was held in the beautiful city of Milan, Italy from the 12ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ of June 2025. The theme for this year’s Congress was “Borderless Hematology”, highlighting the importance of providing high-quality care to all haematology patients. As members of the society emphasised, the word ‘borderless’ suggests limitless possibilities, encouraging us to envision a world where knowledge and access to treatment is shared regardless of physical or geographical constraints.

Synchronous twin malignancies, defined as the simultaneous occurrence of two distinct primary cancers in the same patient, represent a rare and challenging clinical scenario. Synchronous diagnosis of haematological and solid malignancy poses a challenge in treatment planning. This case study details the presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and eventual outcome of a 32-year-old female with acute promyelocytic leukaemia and metastatic non-small cell lung carcinoma. The patient’s complex clinical course, including the development of pancytopenia with bleeding manifestations, therapy-related issues, and progressive disease, underscores the need for a high index of suspicion in managing such rare oncological presentations.

THE 30th EUROPEAN Hematology Association (EHA) Congress marked a pivotal year in advancing the treatment and understanding of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). Breakthroughs in novel therapies, disease biology, and molecular risk stratification highlighted EHA 2025 Congress as a key event shaping the future of MPN care. Herein are the main takeaways from pivotal presentations.

THE EUROPEAN Hematology Association-European Medicines Agency (EHA2025-EMA) Joint Symposium on minimal residual disease (MRD), which took place at the EHA2025 Congress in Milan, Italy, explored its critical role in clinical and regulatory decision-making across various haematologic malignancies. Experts and patient advocates discussed advances in MRD detection, its impact on treatment strategies, and the challenges of standardisation and acceptance in both clinical practice and regulatory frameworks. While this article refers to ‘minimal residual disease’, the term ‘measurable residual disease’ is increasingly being used instead.