The integration of the Merdeka Mengajar Platform (PMM) in the Merdeka Belajar Curriculum aims to enhance the quality of education and self-development of teachers in Indonesia through an efficient online learning model. However, its utilization requires critical evaluation considering the challenges and negative impacts observed in practice. This study critically examines the use of PMM through the lens of Ivan Illich's "De-schooling Society" principles. Illich's critique emphasizes the risks of technological dependence, commodification of education, and the potential erosion of human relationships in learning environments. The research employs a literature review method, drawing on scientific journals, articles, books, and policy regulations. Findings highlight the relevance of Illich's concerns to the current use of PMM, including the potential for increased technological dependence, inequitable access, and diminished human interaction. Despite PMM's benefits in fostering professional development and collaborative practices, its uncritical application risks undermining social solidarity and perpetuating educational inequalities. The study concludes with recommendations for stakeholders to balance technological integration with human-centred educational practices. Emphasizing the need for inclusive access, careful monitoring, and alignment with the principles of independent, character-building education, the paper suggests ways to mitigate the adverse effects identified. Reflecting on Illich's vision, it calls for a cautious approach to ensure PMM contributes positively to educational goals.

Morphology plays a crucial role in students' language acquisition. This study delves into the distinctions between inflectional and derivational morphemes, aiming to enhance comprehension of these concepts. By investigating word creation processes and observed alterations, the study illustrates the profound impact of prefixes and suffixes on words, shedding light on their significance in language learning. Students frequently require clarification when distinguishing between inflectional and derivational morphemes during learning. To enhance comprehension of this subject, this present study initially investigated the definitions and subcategories of these two terms outlined in various literary sources. Next, it provided a concise overview of the critical distinctions between inflectional and derivational morphemes. These analyses aim to determine the word created by derivational morphemes, the word formed by inflectional morphemes, the process by which the specified word is formed, and the types of observed alterations. The author implements the descriptive qualitative approach. It will discover that each morpheme possesses its function and influences the base word's meaning, word class, or grammatical function. This study illustrates the impact of prefixes and suffixes on words.

This study aims to determine whether or not Johnny's Communication Center YouTube vlogs have an influence on English learning interest among NCTzen in Indonesia. This article uses a quantitative approach and survey research method. The data collection technique used a questionnaire distributed through social media X (Twitter) to around 100 NCTzen community who are still in high school and watch Johnny's Communication Center on YouTube. The results showed that Johnny's Communication Center YouTube vlogs are a learning media that can increase interest in learning English. Johnny's Communication Center YouTube vlogs significantly and positively influence the interest in English learning among NCTzen in Indonesia.

The presence of a feedback system is a key factor in maintaining individuals' engagement in educational games. This system aims to enhance player motivation and active participation in educational games. In addition, the feedback system can improve the players' learning outcomes by augmenting their knowledge. Nevertheless, there remains a lack of comprehensive research in the field of feedback systems in educational games, leading to an inadequate comprehension of how to construct a proficient feedback system that can more effectively accomplish the objectives of educational games. The overview of feedback systems in educational games is frequently scattered and fragmented, making it challenging to figure out which educational games incorporate such systems. This research not only improves the comprehension of the feedback system in educational games but also addresses an important gap in the existing literature. The aim of this study is to conduct an extensive and systematic review of the existing literature on feedback systems in educational games. This review is based on 36 relevant journal articles published from 2019 to 2023. This research examines the patterns in the utilization of feedback systems in educational games, including the technologies employed to build these systems, the educational domains studied, and the types of products developed through the creation of educational games. In this study, the discussion also includes the design techniques and methods for feedback systems. This text discusses the utilization feedback types as well as the algorithms used to analyze the feedback systems. The text thoroughly discusses the comprehensive selection of feedback components to be delivered as mediums for player feedback. In this paper, we will clarify the impact of using feedback systems in educational games on the players. This study greatly contributes to the progress of learning conducted through educational games.

The research question is: Is there an effect of using the Karuta card on students’ ability in the seventh grade at the Sabilul Mukminin Binjai Boarding School to comprehend vocabulary? Its purpose is to know the effect of using the Karuta card on students’ ability in the seventh grade at the Sabilul Mukminin Binjai Boarding School to comprehend vocabulary, especially to pronounce its letters correctly. The method used is quantitative field research of the experimental type, and the method used is a statistical method using SPSS 25 and a t-test. The result of this research is that the use of the Karuta card does not affect students’ ability in the seventh grade at the Sabilul Mukminin Binjai Boarding School to pronounce vocabulary correctly, and the author infers this from the results of the female students on the test in the experimental class and the control class. The average score for vocabulary comprehension in the control class was 72.68, which is higher than the average score for vocabulary comprehension in the experimental class, which was 64.85. From these two rates, t0 is found at 1,252 It is lower than ttable (2,026). Therefore, the null hypothesis is accepted, and the alternative hypothesis is rejected, meaning that the use of the Karuta card does not affect the ability of the female students of the seventh intermediate semester at the Sabeel Al-Muminin Benjay Institute to comprehend vocabulary, especially in pronouncing its letters correctly.

This research discusses the correlation between the results of socialization of child-friendly pesantren program by the ministry of religion and the ministry of women's empowerment and protection on the program implementation in pesantrens in Padangpanjg City, West Sumatra. The purpose of the research was to obtain information about the correlation between the results of socialization on the implementation of the child-friendly pesantren program. The hypothesis in this study is that there is a correlation between the results of socialization and the on the implementation of child-friendly pesantren programs in Pesantrens in Padangpanjang City. The research method is descriptive method.The technique used in this research is proportionate stratified random sampling technique.The results showed that the proposed hypothesis was accepted that there was a significant correlation between the results of socialization on the implementation of the child-friendly pesantren program with he correlation coefficient calculation known that r hitung is 0,660 wheres r table with significant degree 5% for N = 62 and df = N-2 = 62 - 2 = 60 is 0,254. Thereby r hitung ≥ rtabel or 0,660 > 0,254, thereby Ha is accepted.

The organization of funerals is an integral part of the life of the Muslim community, and in Surau Gadang Village, aspects of Islamic education play a central role in guiding every stage of the process. This study aims to explore the form and implementation of the traditional tradition of death in Surau Gadang Village, as well as the values of Islamic education contained in it. This study used participatory observation methods and interviews to document the process of organizing funerals and analyze the values of Islamic education that color every step. These results are expected to make a positive contribution to the understanding and implementation of Islamic education values in everyday life, especially in the context of organizing Muslim community funerals in Surau Gadang Village, Padang City. The form and implementation of the traditional tradition of death in Surau Gadang Village is the gathering of the community of five tribes before the bathing process begins, using carano when bathing the corpse, wearing clothes and deta when lining the male corpse and wearing mukena when covering the female corpse, and carrying out the mayik maenvironment process before the body is brought to the grave.

English is an important international language used in various areas of life. Therefore, improving the ability to speak English at the elementary school level is a must to face increasingly complex global challenges. Learning English in elementary school is not just about understanding grammatical structures and vocabulary, but also developing effective speaking skills. This study aimed to determine the improvement of speaking skills in English language learning in elementary schools. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection tools in the form of literature studies. The conclusion is that learners' rejection of the teaching and learning process should be viewed as a "neutral" attitude, which is not related to good and bad values. The positive affective strategy is represented by four behaviors: laughter to show pleasure or satisfaction, smiling to show satisfaction, and showing pleasure because funny things are fun.

Indonesia is a maritime country known for its vast territorial waters of sea, reservoirs, rivers, lakes, and bays compared to its land area which makes Indonesia rich in natural resources of sea and other waters. However, many problems are faced when preserving the sea such as marine pollution in the form of petroleum spills which are very dangerous for marine ecosystems. Therefore, there needs to be a handling effort to overcome this. The purpose of this research is to provide information about handling by adsorption to overcome petroleum pollution. The preparation method is carried out by analyzing articles from various literature sources such as journals, scientific papers, report books, and Google Scholar. The conclusion is that the treatment that can be applied to overcome the pollution of the sea and other waters due to petroleum in Indonesia by adsorption using activated carbon cassava peel, cocoa pod skin, water hyacinth, banana peel, and banana stem is classified as effective, efficient and economical management and has its advantages in reducing the levels of parameters contained in petroleum waste.