Ensuring the economic security of the industry sector and its element, energy security, is critical for the economies of countries, especially in the current environment of escalating military conflicts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the most likely risks to the security of the industrial sector, taking the example of the oil industry. The study employed the formal legal method, the method of qualitative textual analysis, the descriptive method, the method of statistical analysis, and the survey method. The study determined the place of energy security, specifically the security of the oil industry, in the system of economic security and emphasised its exceptional significance, especially in times of war. The principal global risks to the security of the oil industry were identified, including increased economic dependence for import-dependent countries and for countries dependent on oil exports; escalation of conflicts due to disagreements over resource control; and terrorist and cyberattacks. It was found that the main threats to Ukraine are generated by Russia’s invasion of its territory, which entails such critical risks as the physical destruction of oil industry facilities and cybersecurity breaches. The study confirmed that the war in Ukraine could have a substantial impact on the energy security of the European Union. This impact may result in the postponement of the association’s environmental goals due to the need to urgently ensure its own energy security. The study identified ways to improve security in the Ukrainian oil industry in times of war, including ensuring physical security and cybersecurity, developing crisis response plans, and improving the energy efficiency of the national industry. The findings of this study may be useful in developing measures to optimise energy policy

Pursuing the best European standards and practices of public administration and good governance of territorial and cross-border cooperation to strengthen the potential and institutional capacity of communities and regions of Ukraine is among the priority tasks of Ukraine’s regional policy and European integration course. Therefore, the purpose of the present article is to determine directions for improving the public management mechanism of regional development of territorial communities and regions of Ukraine by applying good governance standards and tools of the Centre of Expertise for Good Governance of the Council of Europe based on the expertise of the Association of European Border Regions. The following scientific methods have been applied in the course of the research: historical, logical and generalization, enabling us to investigate the state and expertise of developing scientific and theoretical provisions, as well as actions taken by subjects and participants of regional policy when developing good governance of territorial and cross-border cooperation. It has been discovered that one of the ways to improve the public management mechanism of the regional development of communities and regions is the introduction of the cyclical mechanism of good governance of the Council of Europe, which consists of: development of standards; creation of tools, recommendations, reports, manuals; research of best practices (golden triangle of good governance “standards – tools – practice”). The necessity of further formulation of directions for improving the public management mechanism of regional development of communities and regions of Ukraine through interaction and partnership with the Association of European Border Regions has been substantiated. Conducting a scientific and theoretical study of the standard and toolkit of good governance “Territorial and cross-border cooperation” of the Council of Europe, as well as the study of the Association of European Border Regions practices have made it possible to focus on the implementation of the standard and toolkit of good governance “Territorial and cross-border cooperation” at the local and regional levels. The results of the research can have practical value for representatives of public authorities and the public sector to update local and regional development strategies based on the implementation of good governance standards and tools

In the modern world, the importance of digital currencies as a tool for financial transformation and economic development is growing, especially in Ukraine, where new ways to stimulate economic growth and increase financial inclusion are being sought. The purpose of this study was to explore architectural frameworks for financial transformation through the use of digital currencies in Ukraine. Using a combined methodological approach that included an analysis of scientific literature, empirical research, and a study of the experiences of other countries in the field of digital currencies, the study applied statistical methods of data processing and comparative analysis. The article shows the need to develop adaptive architectural frameworks for the successful implementation of digital currencies in the financial system of Ukraine. In particular, the advantages of digital currencies in reducing transaction costs and increasing the availability of financial services to the population are identified. However, certain challenges related to instability and an insufficient regulatory framework have also been identified. The article identifies the problem of regulatory instability and the benefits, such as reduced transaction costs and increased access to finance, associated with the integration of digital currencies in Ukraine. The article also explores potential scenarios for the adoption of digital currencies in the financial landscape of Ukraine. These results can serve as a basis for developing practical strategies and policies for the implementation of digital currencies in Ukraine. Understanding the specific benefits and challenges associated with this process will allow for the most informed decisions on the modernisation of the country’s financial system

Despite the potential benefits of incorporating organisational justice and employee commitment into daily operations, many organisations lack a long-term strategy for doing so, making it a pressing issue. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyse and examine organisational justice and employee commitment within the banking industry in Nigeria. The research collected primary data through the completion of 147 questionnaires out of a total of 192. The collected data underwent data testing and analysis through the application of descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and correlation coefficients with the assistance of the statistical package for the social sciences. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between organisational justice constructs and employee commitment. Results show that there is a strong and significant relationship between distributive justice and affective commitment in the Nigerian banking industry (R = 0.807, F* = 2,712.536, p < 0.05), and the regression result suggests that the independent variables (distributional justice) have a significant relationship with affective commitment. The findings highlight that organisations prioritise the implementation of fair and just procedures, encompassing both distributive and procedural justice. Results show that there is a significant positive relationship between procedural justice and continuance commitment (R = 0.874, F* = 2,122.507, p < 0.05), and it was determined that there is a linear correlation between the model’s dependent and independent variables. These findings emphasise the importance of fair and just procedures within organisations to elicit favourable responses from employees, such as commitment, positive behaviour, and increased productivity. The conclusions were drawn from the findings, and thus it is recommended that employers should recognise the significant benefits that organisational justice can bring in terms of employee trust, commitment, and overall organisational success. Practitioners can use the study’s findings and suggestions to guide the development of socialisation, involvement, training, and development systems in their own organisations

The implementation of appropriate measures and systems to ensure occupational safety depends not only on the economic efficiency of companies, but also on the life and health of employees, which makes this topic relevant. The purpose of the study was to assess the capabilities and effectiveness of leading technologies and new management approaches to ensuring safety at work in accordance with existing problems in the field of occupational safety. The main approaches used in the study are the statistical method, comparison, analysis, and the descriptive method. The study identified problems in the field of occupational safety in Ukraine, the main ones being a large share of undeclared labour and an inadequate system for recording accidents. Ways to ensure occupational safety are identified, which are primarily related to conducting conversations, motivating personnel, digitalisation of such safety elements as training, briefings, risk assessment, and incident management. Based on the analysis of the experience of global leading companies in ensuring occupational safety, effective practices for improving the effectiveness of the safety system have been identified, which include conversations with employees, special development and training programmes, the introduction of advanced technologies and unified safety systems. The conducted research allowed developing an occupational safety system that incorporates modern technologies and management approaches. The findings can be useful for company managers in selecting and implementing effective management measures and new technologies to ensure occupational safety

The purpose of this article was to study the changes in the directions of entrepreneurial activity and approaches to managing innovation in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The analysis shows that during the Russian-Ukrainian war, the Ukrainian market for innovation and development suffered significantly. This is evidenced by both the global innovation index of Ukraine and the European innovation index. This deterioration has had a significant impact on the development of innovation at Ukrainian enterprises. In order for an enterprise to function effectively in the context of war, more effort and attention should be paid to innovation and changes in the long-term strategies for managing such activities. The author identifies ten areas that should be implemented by Ukrainian enterprises in the context of war: the development of a “business core”, the introduction of artificial intelligence, machine learning, augmented and virtual reality, blockchain technologies, the introduction of “smart solutions” using the Internet of Things, as well as the implementation of “green reconstruction”, genetic engineering or biotechnology, quality improvement, and the creation of their own ecosystem. The study found that the main role in this process is played by the effective management of innovation activities, so it is important for Ukrainian enterprises to change their long-term management strategies. The process of changing the strategy of innovation management and choosing a new way of business diversification for Ukrainian entrepreneurs should take place in five consecutive stages: formation of an individual innovation process, increasing attention to research and development, internal sources of innovation, promoting the interaction of internal and external sources of innovation, combining various components into a single innovation system, and effective management of the created innovation ecosystem. The study identifies the main aspects that should be present in the changed strategies to enable enterprises to function as efficiently as possible during martial law. These aspects include accelerating the emergence of innovations, creating motivation to invest, and developing partnerships in the investment process

Although Ukraine’s economy is still suffering from the negative effects of Russia’s full-scale invasion, questions are already arising about the possibilities of ensuring its post-war recovery, so it is important to study the policy instruments to achieve an effective recovery. The purpose of the study was to analyse the existing public policy instruments and identify those that would allow for the most effective recovery of Ukraine’s post-war economy. The main research methods used were analysis, forecasting, and abstraction. The study examined a large number of policy instruments that could be used in the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine’s economy. They covered both financial and social components aimed at facilitating recovery and ensuring long-term stability. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the policy instruments and their characteristics, emphasising the importance of their use in the post-war period. Special attention is paid to the issues of economic stability, which was also proposed to be achieved by working on two separate components: economic and political stability, and recommendations for achieving them using certain state instruments were provided. Economic diversification is highlighted as a separate factor that plays an important role in the long-term development of the country and is a critical part of building the resilience of the Ukrainian economy after the war. The work brings new knowledge to the analysis of public policy instruments, which will allow to build a more effective strategy for rebuilding the Ukrainian economy in the post-war years

Cloud computing has become a necessary component for data storage and processing and is becoming more widespread. However, there are threats to the security and privacy of user data, which is why it is important to find out the most effective methods for ensuring data security in the cloud. The purpose of the study was to develop methods aimed at ensuring privacy and security in cloud environments and in modern applications. The method of analysis was used to review other publications on the topic, and the method of experiment was used for practical implementation. The main results of the study include the development of a security monitoring programme. It analyses event logs and determines the number of failed login attempts, which indicates the detection or absence of suspicious activity. Access to resources is checked, and the necessary information is displayed on the console. A comparison table of cloud platforms has been created, considering their advantages and disadvantages in the context of data security and privacy. It specifies the criteria for delivering services to the selected services. A block diagram of ways to provide security in cloud computing is developed, illustrating the relationship between various aspects of providing security in cloud systems. It contains parameters and strategies for encrypting data, protecting sensitive data, and countering attacks. Various aspects of security and methods of ensuring privacy in cloud computing are considered, namely authorisation, intrusion detection, regulatory requirements, integration with modern applications, monitoring and logging, user identification and authentication. The practical significance of the study lies in the creation of innovative ways to help improve security and privacy in cloud computing. They will allow cloud developers and administrators to effectively protect user data and ensure their privacy in modern applications

The study was conducted to assess the competitiveness of the tourism industry in the Lviv Region at the international level and to develop strategies for its development in the current political and economic context. For this purpose, a comprehensive approach was employed, including a SWOT analysis of competitiveness and comparisons with other tourist regions. The study also developed strategies for entering new markets for tourism enterprises in the Lviv Region, particularly through international partnerships, the creation of joint tourism programmes, and infrastructure development. The study analysed the dynamics of the development of the tourism industry in the Lviv Region during 2022-2024, in particular the net income of tourism companies in 2024, which in the first half of the year amounted to UAH 1.1 billion (19.1% of the total income of the industry in Ukraine), tax revenues of UAH 314.9 million (+27% compared to 2023), and a record tourist fee of UAH 47 million. These figures reflect trends in domestic and international tourism, the growth of the average length of stay of tourists, and the region’s adaptation to economic and security challenges. The main results of the study included the identification of the strengths of the Lviv Region, such as its rich cultural heritage, natural resources, developed infrastructure, and favourable geographical location. The Lviv Region was found to be promising for the development of cultural tourism, gastronomic tourism, and ecological recreation. It was established that the Lviv Region has significant potential to improve its position in the international market but requires additional investment in the development of marketing strategies, infrastructure, and digital technologies. A comparison with other tourist regions, such as the Tatra Mountains in Poland and the Karlovy Vary Region in the Czech Republic, showed that the Lviv Region possesses competitive advantages in terms of cultural heritage and natural resources but lags behind in infrastructure and the development of sustainable tourism. The strategies of these other regions focus on improving infrastructure, developing integrated tourism products, and intensifying international marketing, which represent important directions for the Lviv Region as well. This highlights the need for investment in infrastructure development, the expansion of tourist routes, the improvement of transport accessibility, and the enhancement of service quality