BACKGROUND Small bowel tumors (SBTs) are a heterogeneous group of difficult-to-diagnose tumors that account for 2%-5% of all gastrointestinal tumors. Single-balloon enteroscopy greatly enhances the diagnosis and treatment of SBTs. However, few epidemiological studies have been conducted in Taiwan to determine the clinical profile of SBTs. AIM To investigate the clinical characteristics, managements and prognosis of SBTs in a medical center in Taiwan. METHODS The study enrolled 51 patients aged 58.9 ± 8.8 years (range, 22-93) diagnosed with SBTs from November 2009 to July 2021. We retrospectively recorded clinical characteristics, indications, endoscopic findings, pathological results, management, and outcomes for further analysis. RESULTS A male preponderance was observed (56.8%). The most common indications were suspected small intestinal tumors (52.9%) and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (39.2%). The most common tumor location was the ileum (41.2%). The performance of imaging studies (P = 0.004) and the types of findings (P = 0.005) differed significantly between malignant and benign SBTs. The most frequent imaging finding was a small intestinal mass (43.1%). The top three malignant tumor types were gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), adenocarcinomas, and lymphomas. Moreover, the proportions of benign and malignant tumors were 27.5% and 72.5%, respectively. The survival rates of patients with malignant tumors in the GIST and non-GIST groups differed significantly (P = 0.015). Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed a significant difference in survival between patients in the malignant and benign groups (P = 0.04). All patients with lymphoma underwent chemotherapy (n = 7/8, 87.5%), whereas most patients with GISTs underwent surgery (n = 13/14, 92.8%). CONCLUSION Patients with GISTs have a significantly higher survival rate than those with other malignant SBTs. Therefore, a large-scale nationwide study is warranted to evaluate the population-based epidemiology of SBTs.

BACKGROUND Pneumoparotid is a rare disease associated with retrograde airflow into the ductal system. There is no established treatment for this disease, which has no known complications. Mouth puffing and playing wind instruments are known to be the causes of this disease. CASE SUMMARY We managed a case, in which pneumoparotid suddenly recurred 4 months after surgery for purulent parotiditis. The patient did not report any obvious etiological factors, such as mouth puffing or playing a wind instrument. We reviewed 128 articles (from 1941 to 2023) that reported on a total of 166 patients with pneumoparotid, including the patient from the present case report, with imaging findings. This is the first reported case of pneumoparotid following surgery for purulent parotitis. The etiology in our case was classified as idiopathic. CONCLUSION Imaging findings could be sufficient for accurate pneumoparotid diagnoses and the exclusion of complications; computed tomography could be useful.

In this editorial, we provide a critical review of the article by Tang et al published in the World J Clin Cases , focusing on the utilization of butorphanol for epidural analgesia during labor. Our discussion encompasses recent research developments in epidural labor analgesia, specifically highlighting the current status of clinical applications of butorphanol and associated treatment approaches. Epidural analgesia is widely acknowledged as the primary method for pain management during labor, offering effective and prolonged pain relief while allowing mothers to remain alert and actively participate in the delivery process. Among the various drugs utilized for epidural labor analgesia, butorphanol has received increasing attention due to its potential efficacy and distinctive pharmacological properties. As a synthetic opioid analgesic, butorphanol exhibits both agonistic and antagonistic activity on opioid receptors, striking a balance between analgesia and minimizing side effects. Nevertheless, the safety and efficacy of butorphanol in epidural labor analgesia remains controversial. While certain studies have reported positive outcomes with butorphanol, including effective pain relief and a reduced incidence of side effects, others have raised concerns about its safety and efficacy compared to traditional opioids or alternative analgesics. In addition, the optimal dosing strategy and regimen of butorphanol as an adjuvant in epidural labor analgesia still need to be verified. Through comprehensive synthesis and analysis of existing literature, we aim to evaluate the current evidence regarding the use of butorphanol for epidural labor analgesia, delineate areas of consensus and controversy, and propose future avenues for research and clinical practice in this domain.

Earthquakes have always been a source of great devastation for humanity. With the fast growth of metropolitan cities, land limitation has become a critical issue, resulting in the construction of high-rise buildings very close to each other. Such buildings are prone to seismic pounding. During earthquake, the buildings vibrate out of phase and at rest separation is deficient to accommodate their relative motions. It can be prevented by ensuring safe separation distances between buildings. However, achieving the necessary separations is often not feasible in metropolitan areas due to high land values and limited land availability. Different combinations of 12-storey and 8-storey buildings with varying plan irregularities were considered for the analytical study using ETABS software. The pounding effect depends on building characteristics, ground motion characteristics and soil structure interaction. The parameters like displacement, impact force, and storey shear were determined.

This editorial comments on an article recently published by López del Hoyo et al . The metaverse, hailed as "the successor to the mobile Internet", is undoubtedly one of the most fashionable terms in recent years. Although metaverse development is a complex and multifaceted evolutionary process influenced by many factors, it is almost certain that it will significantly impact our lives, including mental health services. Like any other technological advancements, the metaverse era presents a double-edged sword for mental health work, which must clearly understand the needs and transformations of its target audience. In this editorial, our primary focus is to contemplate potential new needs and transformation in mental health work during the metaverse era from the perspective of multimodal emotion recognition.

This study explores the factors influencing millennial interest in investing, focusing on social media usage, investment understanding, and friendships. Using a quantitative approach, data was gathered from 100 respondents through questionnaires and analyzed with IBM SPSS 16. The results indicate that social media usage, investment knowledge, and friendships each significantly affect millennials' interest in investing, both individually and collectively. These findings highlight the pivotal role of digital platforms, financial literacy, and social networks in shaping investment behaviors among millennials. Highlight: Social media usage significantly influences millennials' investment interest. Investment understanding is crucial for millennials' investment decisions. Friendships play a key role in shaping millennial investment behaviors. Keywoard: Millennials, Investing, Social Media, Financial Literacy, Friendships

A case report by Liu et al describes the characteristics of metastatic clear cell sarcoma (CCS) of the pancreas and provides valuable therapeutic insights for this rare malignancy. This case is interesting because of its rarity, suggesting that the pancreas may be a potential target organ for CCS, either primary or metastatic. At the same time, the authors also emphasize the importance of regular postoperative follow-up for timely detection of recurrent lesions, as CCS is characterized by a high degree of malignancy and a high rate of recurrent metastases. Considering that CCS of the gastrointestinal tract is easily confused with malignant melanoma (MM) of the gastrointestinal tract, here we compare the clinical features, histopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of CCS and MM of the gastrointestinal tract, hoping to provide a reference for clinical work.

BACKGROUND The tear of the gluteus medius and minimus tendons can cause chronic buttock pain, especially in middle-aged individuals; these tears occur mostly in association with degenerative changes in the muscles and tendons. Chronic injuries are more common than acute injuries, and concurrent injuries to the gluteus medius and minimus tendons without chronic pain are rare, especially isolated injuries to both sides of the gluteus minimus; such a case has not yet been reported. CASE SUMMARY The authors present a case of bilateral acute traumatic injuries to the gluteus minimus during buttock strengthening exercises in a 75-year-old male patient. The patient completely returned to his pre-injury lifestyle after 8 weeks of injury, with no limitations, but the diagnosis was initially delayed due to misdiagnosis as lumbar radiculopathy, resulting in unnecessary socio-economic burden on the patient. CONCLUSION When treating patients who complain of hip pain, it is important to consider various causes to make a correct diagnosis.

The positioning of teeth is of significant importance, both in terms of function and aesthetics. Aesthetics is a subjective matter, and there is often a discrepancy between the perceptions of patients and those of medical professionals. The act of wearing a mask has been demonstrated to impair the ability to evaluate facial attractiveness, thereby reaffirming the visual importance of the oral cavity in the context of facial aesthetics. The notion that a face perceived as beautiful is inherently exceptional is a fallacy. An average face is defined as one that exhibits characteristics that are common to the group. However, cultural mutations occur at a faster rate than genetic mutations. With regard to changes in facial aesthetics, cultural differences have a more immediate effect than genetic mutations. The advent of the internet meme may herald the advent of an era in which the average face that defines a beautiful face is determined by the internet.

BACKGROUND Determination of platybasia and basilar kyphosis are significant parts of routine cranial magnetic resonance (MR) interpretations. These situations may explain a patient’s symptoms or may be associated with other anomalies. AIM To indicate the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the skull base angles (SBA) (Koenigsberg standard) and modified SBA (mSBA) measurement techniques. METHODS In total, 391 patients who had undergone cranial MR imaging were re-assessed regarding the SBA measurements. The SBA and mSBA techniques were used on MR images. Two reviewers independently measured the same angles twice within a 15-day interval, using different monitors. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to reveal the intraobserver and interobserver agreements. RESULTS There was an excellent agreement between reviewers regarding both angle measurements (ICC was 0.998 for SBA and mSBA). Excellent agreement levels were also observed for intraobserver measurements. ICC was 0.998 for SBA and 0.999 for mSBA for reviewer 1. ICC was 0.997 for SBA and 0.999 for mSBA according to the measurement results of reviewer 2. Higher SBA and mSBA values were observed for females compared to males. There was no correlation between SBA and age for SBA. However, a negative and low-level correlation was observed between mSBA values and age for both reviewers. CONCLUSION SBA and mSBA measurements indicated excellent agreement regarding interobserver and intraobserver differences. The study results showed that SBA angles were reliable measurement techniques to be used on MR images.