Blazars, a highly variable Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) subclass, provide a unique opportunity to explore the physical processes within their relativistic jets and emission regions.In this study, we investigate the multiwavelength variability of the blazar TON 599, a Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar (FSRQ), with a particular emphasis on its emission line behavior.We focus on the Mg II 2798 emission line, a key tracer of the ionized gas in the broadline region (BLR), and its role in jet-induced variability.In addition to optical emission lines, we analyze gamma-rays (0.1-300 GeV), X-rays (0.2-10 keV), optical continuum (3000 ), optical polarization, and millimeter-wavelength light curves.Three cross-correlation methods are employed to investigate temporal relationships between the emission line and continuum across various wavelengths.Using the Non-Thermal Dominance (NTD) parameter, our analysis confirms that synchrotron emission dominates the continuum during active states, highlighting the jet's primary role in the observed variability.The Mg II emission line exhibits quasi-simultaneous variability with the optical continuum, suggesting photoionization driven by the jet's non-thermal radiation.Additionally, the minimal time lag between gamma-ray and optical/nearultraviolet emissions supports a synchrotron self-Compton origin for the most variable component of the gamma-ray emission.These findings highlight the importance of emission line variability and multiwavelength observations in constraining the interaction between jets and the BLR in blazars.The results contribute to a deeper understanding of AGN emission mechanisms and the complex interplay between jets and their surrounding environments.

This study examines radiative processes, with a focus on photodissociation, in non-symmetric hydrogen-silicon molecular systems.for the wide range of parameters.The results provide essential input for photochemical modeling in both laboratory plasmas and astrophysical contexts.

We present a novel method to derive rotation curves of the inner broad-line region (BLR) of lensed quasars with light-day spatial resolution.The approach exploits microlensing distortions of the broad emission lines (BELs), where the strength of the effect in the line wings traces the size of the emitting region at different velocities.We analyze the high-ionization lines Si IV and C IV in five gravitationally lensed quasars, measuring microlensing amplitudes across several velocity bins.Bayesian inference yields emission-region sizes, which we confront with a Keplerian disk model.We find a smooth, monotonic increase in microlensing with velocity, and the derived velocity-size relations are consistent with disk-like rotation.These results provide the first direct evidence for Keplerian motion in the innermost BLR of quasars.

Ca II and O I emission lines in active galactic nuclei (AGN) have been used as powerful diagnostic probes of the broad-line region (BLR) for the past 40 years.In particular, line ratio diagnostics have been used to constrain the physical conditions in the low-ionization phase of the BLR, while line width measurements have provided rough constraints on the location of the emission region relative to the Balmer-emitting phase of the BLR.However, due to limited observational capabilities, detailed line-profile studies of these linesdirectly linking Ca II and O I with structural BLR models-have only become possible very recently.Here, we present an overview of our most recent study that has enabled investigations of Ca II and O I emission lines in unprecedented detail, directly linking Ca II triplet emission profiles to the kinematics of a rotating disk.We focus on our results for NGC 4593, but we also provide an outlook on how Ca II and O I open up a new observational window to probe the low-ionization part of the BLR in general.

Stark full widths at half intensity maximum (FWHM) and shifts, for spectral lines within 29 N V multiplets, have been calculated for collisions with particles, B III, B IV, B V and B VI ions, emplopying the semiclassica perturbation method.The obtained data are of particular interest for protonboron fusion experiments where boron nitride (BN) targets are used.