Abstract Background Emotion regulation is a multidimensional construct that is robustly linked to emotional disorders yet remains underexplored in multiple sclerosis (MS), with no studies to date addressing individual differences in emotion regulation difficulties in this population. To address this gap, the current study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify distinct profiles of emotion regulation difficulties in an MS sample. Methods Participants were 259 people with MS ( M age = 42.79, 78.8% female). Participants completed an online survey measuring emotion regulation difficulties and symptoms of depression, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), health anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Emotion regulation was specified as the indicator variable in the LPA, with the additional measures of depression and anxiety utilized to validate the identified profiles. Results Three emotion regulation profiles were identified: low impairment (n = 66, 25.48%) characterized by minimal difficulties regulating negative emotions across all domains; global dysregulation (n = 71, 27.41%) characterized by pronounced difficulties in all domains; and goal-impaired regulators (n = 122, 47.10%) characterized by distinct challenges maintaining goal-directed behaviors. Individuals in the global dysregulation profile endorsed the greatest symptom severity on measures of depression and PTSD but reported comparable levels of GAD and health anxiety relative to the goal-impaired regulators . Conclusion People with MS exhibit distinct patterns of emotion regulation difficulties, revealing critical subgroups with varying psychological needs.

Abstract Background The study aims to investigate how far and in what way health anxiety as a symptom in somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is associated with the use of different strategies to regulate emotions. Methods The sample consisted of 72 subjects with SSD (with or without a concurrent medical condition) and 36 nonclinical controls. A structured diagnostic interview (DSM-5) and questionnaires regarding emotion regulation (ER), health anxiety, severity of somatic symptoms, and related disabilities were used. MANOVAs, correlation, hierarchical regression and mediation analyses were calculated. Results Participants with SSD reported less adaptive ER use ( d’s = 0.72–1.03) and more rumination than controls ( d = − 0.57). Both maladaptive ( R 2 = 0.18) and lack of adaptive ER strategies ( R 2 = 11 and R 2 = 0.15), but not symptom burden, predicted significantly the degree of health anxiety in the SSD group. Some ER strategies, particularly reappraisal and rumination, partially mediated health anxiety differences between SSD and nonclinical controls. Discussion Since ER are associated with varying degrees of health anxiety in people with SSD, they may benefit from learning adaptive ER strategies for dealing with health-related issues.

Prior studies have found associations between sleep disturbances and suicide ideation among adolescents. However, there is limited prospective research examining cognitive mechanisms that explain this relationship. This present longitudinal study aimed to examine the mediating role of rumination in the relationship between sleep quality and suicide ideation over time. We hypothesized that low sleep quality would be associated with increased suicide ideation severity over time and that rumination would mediate the relationship. Adolescents (N = 117), ages 12-19, who presented to hospitals or outpatient clinics with suicide ideation or attempt completed self-report measures of sleep quality and suicide ideation severity at baseline, rumination at 3-month follow-up, and depressive symptoms and suicide ideation at 12-month follow-up. There was no statistically significant direct relation between sleep quality and suicide ideation. However, rumination and depressive symptoms serially mediated the relationship between sleep quality and suicide ideation, suggesting an indirect relationship. Interestingly, rumination did not predict later sleep quality. Improving sleep quality may reduce rumination, which, in turn, may reduce depressive symptoms and lower SI severity. Improving sleep quality may ameliorate the impact of cognitive mechanisms - like rumination - that may indirectly exacerbate suicide ideation severity through depressive symptoms.