<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper reviews the current situation in the terms and definitions that influence the development of testing and prediction in automotive, aerospace and other areas of engineering.</div><div class="htmlview paragraph">The accuracy of these terms and definitions is very important for correct simulation, testing and prediction. This paper aims to define accurate terms and definitions. It also includes the author’s recommendations for improving this situation and preparing new standards.</div></div>

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This paper reviews the current situation in the development of accelerated testing of automotive engineering, consisting of the four following areas: <ol class="list nostyle"><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">1.</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Field testing of the natural product.</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">2.</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Additional technology of separate testing in the laboratory on the basis of physical simulation of separate field conditions using corresponding methods and equipment separately and conducting: safety testing, special programs of testing using digital simulation, special testing with changing certain parameters of environment, corrosion testing, etc. Both of the traditional testing developments above can be found in many magazines, journals, conferences, presentations, and proceedings.</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">3.</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Testing on the basis of digital (computer) simulation of product and/or field conditions. This area of testing has been developed in the last dozen years. Many articles and presentations were published during this time.</div></li><li class="list-item"><span class="li-label">4.</span><div class="htmlview paragraph">Accelerated reliability and durability testing for obtaining during service-life of the product’s initial information for successful prediction of product efficiency and its components such as safety, reliability, durability, maintainability, supportability, life-cycle cost, profit, etc. This area is less developed, because it is much more complicated and expensive, with long horizons for return on investment.</div></li></ol></div><div class="htmlview paragraph">Finally, the paper includes the author’s recommendations for improving the current situation.</div></div>

ObjectivesTo report the incidence, predictors, the impact of bladder perforation (BP), and our protocol of management in patients who underwent trans-urethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT).MethodsThis is a retrospective study, between 2006 and 2020, on patients who underwent TURBT for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Bladder perforation was defined as any full thickness resection of the bladder wall. Bladder perforations were managed based on their severity and type. Small BP with no or mild symptoms were managed with prolongation of urethral catheters. Those with significant extraperitoneal extravasations were managed by insertion of a tube drain (TD). Abdominal exploration was done for extensive BP and all intraperitoneal extravasations.ResultsOur study included 1,570 patients, the mean age was 58 ± 11 years and 86% were males. Bladder perforation was recorded in 10% (n = 158) of the patients. The perforation was extraperitoneal in 95%, and in 86%, the perforation was associated with no symptoms, mild symptoms, or mild fluid extravasation that required only prolongation of the urethral catheter. On the other hand, active intervention was required for the 21 remaining patients (14%) with TD being the most frequent management. History of previous TURBT (p = 0.001) and obturator jerk (p = 0.0001) were the only predictors for BP.ConclusionsThe overall incidence of bladder perforation is 10%; however, 86% required only prolongation of urethral catheter. Bladder perforation did not affect the probability for tumor recurrence, tumor progression nor radical cystectomy.

Identifying patterns in electric utility net load data in a time-series format is very useful in preparing the operation for next day. Machine learning algorithms have been used in other domains and those concepts are applied in this paper on real-world net load measurement data. Clustering is the practice of grouping data with similar characteristics as determined by the distance measure. The K-means clustering algorithm is utilized here with actual electric utility data. The paper uses the standard distance measure, Euclidean distance (ED), and compares its performance against the dynamic time warping (DTW) measure. An actual case study with real data is presented, and DTW distance measure-based method observed to result better accuracy compared to the ED based method for substation net load measurements predominantly with residential customers.

Trata-se da dramaturgia do espetáculo Ogum - Deus e homem, que por meio da escolha de sete lendas da mitologia desta divindade yorubana, narra-se a trajetória de Ogum. Além de senhor da guerra, Ogum é patrono da tecnologia e protetor da humanidade, essas são características que são evidenciadas no texto.

This paper looks back at over two years of experience utilizing Remedial Action Schemes, which are primarily modeled in the Alstom Energy Management System, in offline operational planning studies in PowerWorld Simulator. This work examines issues encountered in the modeling and testing of these schemes, along with describing some best practices in validating the results for steady-state contingency analysis. Illustrative examples are presented to demonstrate the configurations in which best practices can be effectively used.

This paper describes practical implementation of a real-time dynamic security assessment tool in a Peak Reliability control room. This implementation synthesize decades of work of many WECC groups into the unique application covering overall WECC region and contribute significantly to the reliability of the Interconnection. The tool integrates a real-time steady state model of the interconnection, dynamic models, development of clearly defined user cases and defining practical stability criteria. Peak Reliability, former known as WECC RC is Reliability Coordinator for the most of the Western Interconnection.

This paper introduces a success story about how Peak Reliability (formerly, WECC Reliability Coordinator) collaborated with V&R Energy and Peak member entities to implement an online voltage stability analysis tool in a control room setting for real-time assessment of Interconnection Reliability Operating Limits (IROLs) in the Western System. Major technical challenges and the resolutions, including modeling aspects, software improvements, validation and integration efforts, are presented in the paper. Lessons learned and future work are discussed in the end.