Tempeh is a traditional Indonesian fermented food made from soybeans, which are rich in protein and essential nutrients. However, the increasing demand for soybeans, particularly in Indonesia, has led to a search for alternative legumes. This study aims to evaluate the potential of hyacinth beans (HB) and sword beans (SD) as alternative legumes for tempeh production in comparison to conventional soybean (SB) tempeh. The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase was determining the optimum fermentation duration for HB and SD tempeh compared to SB tempeh using sensory appearance, hardness, and microscopic observation. The second phase was to determine the eating quality of all tempeh, which were steamed and fried, by sensory evaluation supported by color and texture analyses. Protein content analysis was also conducted on raw and cooked tempeh. Results showed that optimal fermentation durations were determined as 36 hours for HB and SD and 48 hours for SB tempeh, which had optimum sensory appearance, hardness, and Rhizopus mycelial growth. SB tempeh was more favored in the second phase than HB and SD tempeh. The preference for SB tempeh compared to the other two was thought to be because the panelists were more familiar with the sensory characteristics of SB tempeh. Protein content was highest in fried SB tempeh (37.49%), significantly increasing due to moisture loss during frying. While the original tempeh made from SB remains the most favored, non-SB legumes, especially SD, also present viable alternatives for tempeh production. Consequently, non-SB tempeh has the potential to reduce dependence on soybeans and support food diversification.

Retailer performance is critical for enhancing supply chain operations and achieving a competitive advantage in the food industry. It directly impacts customer satisfaction, profitability, and overall supply chain effectiveness. CV. LMN is an Indonesian apple cider drink manufacturer that involves 36 retailers in distributing its products to consumers. While the success of the marketing process relies on the retailers, the company has not previously assessed their performance. This research aims to examine CV's retailer performance. LMN using Data Envelopment Analysis from the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) perspective. The SCOR model's attributes of plan, source, deliver, and return served as the foundation for selecting evaluation factors. A CRS output-oriented DEA model was utilized to assess how efficiently retailers can increase their outputs without altering their resource consumption. The result shows that 6 out of 36 retailers are marginally efficient, indicating a potential for performance improvement and getting closer to the efficient frontier related to cash-to-cash cycle time, order received damage-free, fill rate, and customer complaints. These retailers can enhance their efficiency by implementing strategies such as reducing inventory levels, applying safety stock, negotiating payment terms with distributors, improving material handling during storage, and pre-checking products before delivery.